PENETAPAN KADAR KAFEIN PADA BUBUK TEH HITAM YANG BEREDAR DI PASAR DELI TUA MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV

Tea is a drink that is very familiar in the world and is very common in everyday life. Tea is also the most consumed and favored beverage by the public after water. Besides being beneficial, tea also contains compounds that have a negative impact on the body, namely caffeine compounds. Caffeine is an alkaloid of the methylxanthine group which plays a role in increasing the work of psychomotor in the body, and side effects that can be caused are anxiety, irregular heartbeat, difficulty sleeping, tremors, diuresis and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the caffeine content in black tea powder circulating in the Old Deli market. This type of research is descriptive with a purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is qualitative with murexide and quantitative ultraviolet spectrophotometry with a wavelength of 267nm. The results of a qualitative analysis of all positive samples contained caffeine. The average quantitative yield of caffeine in brand A black tea powder was (4,82 ±0,0356)%, B brand black tea powder (4,89 ± 0,0173)% and C brand black tea powder (4,93 ± 0,0531)%. The validation test results obtained linearity r = 0,9984, LOD and LOQ is 0,8074 mcg/ml and 2,6914 mcg/ml ,% recovery = 100,07%, RSD = 0,33%. Based on the results of research conducted, it can be concluded that ultraviolet spectrophotometry can be used to determine caffeine levels in black tea powder

FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS KRIM TABIR SURYA EKSTRAK BIJI KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DENGAN KOMBINASI AVOBENZONE DAN OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE

Sunscreen is a cosmetic ingredient that can physically resist UV A and UV B rays. UV A radiation can cause brown color on the skin and UV B rays can cause skin burn. Although the skin has protection against sunlight, it is still necessary to use sunscreen on the skin. Substances Antioxidants are substances that at small concentrations can significantly inhibit oxidation on the substrate caused by free radicals. One plant that contains natural antioxidants is cocoa beans.To determine the value of Sun Protection Factor (SPF) from cocoa bean extract formulated in cream form and in combination with Avobenxone and Octyl Methoxycinnamate (OMC). Making cocoa bean extract was extracted by maceration using 80% ethanol solvent, making sunscreen extract of cocoa bean extract made in three formulations with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20%, evaluating cream preparations and determining SPF values (Sun Protection Factor). using UV-Vis spectrophotometry.The results of the study showed differences in SPF values between cocoa bean extract creams. The concentration that has the highest SPF value is 20% with an SPF value of 15.22. The SPF value obtained from each formula is in the maximum category, the recommended value is 15.00. The best SPF value is found at a concentration of 20%, which is 15.22

PENYULUHAN TENTANG MANFAAT MINUMAN YOGHURT BAGI TUBUH DI SMP YAPIM BIRU-BIRU

Counseling about the benefits of drinking yogurt for the body is aimed at studying, developing and applying the science and technology that has been obtained or has been studied by students in lectures to the general public. To find out how to process milk properly so that it produces quality yogurt and is safe for consumption for the body, it is possible to realize the benefits of yogurt so that people are aware of the importance of yogurt for the body, and know how to store yogurt properly.Extension training is carried out using the Planning phase. The planning phase is carried out by forming a PKM Team and then preparing a proposal which will then be submitted. The preparation stage is in the form of making a cooperation agreement with residents in the Blue-Blue area. The socialization stage includes an introduction to the benefits and content contained in milk that can be processed into Yoghurt. good. The teaching stage is carried out by forming small groups of as many as groups consisting of members in each group from the community at Yapim Biru-biru Middle School and then a leader from the group is chosen as the person in charge. The teaching stage aims to provide a theoretical understanding of the target community so that the community is ready to carry out the practice of making quality yogurt. The evaluation stage is carried out to provide solutions to the problems faced by the community in the production process to marketing. This stage is measured through the application of yogurt by the community as well as the increase in community members who produce and cultivate milk as a raw material. The indicator of success at this stage is that solutions to these problems are obtained and become a reference for the future and also continue to develop and run this program. In addition, another indicator of success is the increase in average income in the Blue-Blue area

EFEKTIVITAS PENYEMBUHAN LUKA SAYAT MENGGUNAKAN SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SENGGANI (Melastoma malabathricum L.) PADA KELINCI

Senggani plants also have a reddish purple flower, ripe fruit will break the color purple and reddish brown beans. However, the utilization of senggani leaves is still not getting attention, therefore, to increase the economic value and utilization of this plant, senggani leaf can be formulated in the extract ointment of senggani leaf ethanol to healing the cut on the rabbit so it is expected to give healing effect on the rabbit wound.The purpose of this research is to know the concentration of ethanol extract of senggani leaf in the formulation of the ointment which is most effective in healing the rabbit wound in rabbit and to know the ointment ratio of ethanol extract of senggani leaves with betadine ointment .The samples in this study were extract from senggani leaf extracted by maceration using 80% ethanol solvent and formulated in ointment preparation using ingredients of adeps lanae and vaseline album. All data were tested statistically using ANOVA ONE WAY.Preparation of ointment extract of ethanol senggani leaf can accelerate the healing process of the wound and the most effective is the syrup leaf extract of 50% with an average healing for 11 days while betadine ointment does not experience healing until day 14.Indicating differences between treatment groups were more effective in healing of cuts on rabbits and 50% extracts of ethanol extracts of senggani leaf were more effective than with betadine ointment

Application of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry Method for Analysis of Metformin Hydrochloride in Marketed Tablet Dosage Form

The first line drug given for monotherapy for diabetes mellitus type 2 is metformin hydrochloride, which is a biguanide antihyperglycemic drug. The aim of this research was to develop, validate, and apply the Fourier Transform Infrared spectrophotometry method to identify and determine metformin hydrochloride in marketed tablet dosage form. This research included preparation of standard, analysis of samples, and validation of method. The specific wavenumber obtained for qualitative analysis was 1645.68 cm–1 and 1574.8 cm–1. The specific area obtained for quantitative analysis with a single baseline ranged from 1701.53 cm–1 to 1535.66 cm–1. All metformin hydrochloride marketed tablet dosage forms were analyzed and met all of the qualitative and quantitative requirements. The methods met the requirements of method validation for accuracy with a percentage of recovery of 100.22 %, precision with relative standard deviation of 0.48 %, linearity with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992, limit of detection of 11.17 mg per mL, limit of quantitation of 33.84 mg per mL, and good specificity results. In this study, the Fourier Transform Infrared spectrophotometry method was successfully developed and validated for application in identification and determination of metformin hydrochloride in marketed tablet dosage form

PENYULUHAN TENTANG BAHAYA KLORIN BAGI TUBUH MANUSIA DI DESA CANDIREJO

Background: Rice is a food that is a source of energy for mankind. At this time all kinds of food in Indonesia is not pure anymore and many contain harmful chemical substances. The use of chlorine in food is not unfamiliar. Therefore, chlorine is not recorded as Food Additives in bleach and flour clusters are allowed.Purpose: From this research is to know chlorine in branded and unbranded rice circulating in Medan city and to know the effect of Chlorine on branded rice and unbranded rice circulating in Medan city.Method: This research is descriptive. The object of the research is 5 (five) branded rice and 15 (fifteen) unbranded rice then examined in Laboratory of Qualitative Analytical Chemical Institute Deli Husada Deli Tua Health Institute by using color reaction method and settling reaction. Result: The results of the study did not contain chlorine content on branded and unbranded rice circulating in Medan.Conclusion: The content of chlorine in branded and unbranded rice circulating in Medan City is negative which means there is no chlorine content in branded and unbranded rice circulating in Medan City so it is safe for consumption, and the chlorine impact on the rice contained will resulting in the erosion of the intestinal mucosa in the stomach (corository), making it susceptible to ulcer disease. According to Permenkes RI No. 722 / Menkes / Per / XI / 12, stated that chlorine is prohibited to be used in rice. Advice from this research is Consumers should be more careful in choosing rice

The Role of Coconut Oil to Increase Expression of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1 in NIH-3T3 Cell Line

AIM: The objective of the study was to evaluate protein expression in NIH 3T3 cells that are treated with virgin coconut oil (VCO) and hydrolysed of virgin coconut oil (HVCO) in vitro. METHODS: Coconut oil used in this study was virgin coconut oil (VCO) and VCO hydrolysed by Rhizomucor miehei (HVCO). NIH 3T3 cells (5x105 cells/well) were seeded in nine wells and incubated for overnight, then divided into three groups. Each group consisted of three wells. Group one without treatment, group two added VCO, and group three added HVCO and then incubated for overnight. One well in each group was added MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1 and incubated one hour. Finally, expressions of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1 were detected using immunocytochemistry method. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that VCO and HVCO increased protein expressions of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1. Percentage of MMP-9 expressions treated by VCO increased from 2.89 ± 0.07 to 28.16 ± 0.34, PDGF-BB from 28.11 ± 0.13 to 48.53 ± 0.49, and TGF-β1 from 4.19 ± 0.08 to 18.41 ± 0.54. Percentage of MMP-9 expressions treated by HVCO increased from 2.89 ± 0.07 to 55.40 ± 0.94, PDGF-BB from 28.11 ± 0.13 to 61.65 ± 0.42, and TGF-β1 from 4.19 ± 0.08 to 36.35 ± 0.67. CONCLUSION: VCO and HVCO increase the expression of MMP-9, PDGF-BB, dan TGF-β1 in NIH3T3 cells and therefore, coconut oil active in the wound healing process. HVCO is more than active than VCO

The Activity of Hydrolyzed Virgin Coconut Oil to Increase Proliferation and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression towards on NIH 3T3 Cell Line in Wound Healing Process

AIM: This study aims to determine the effect of hydrolysed virgin coconut oil (HVCO) to increase cell proliferation, COX-2 expression of NIH 3T3. METHODS: The sample used was Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). VCO was partially hydrolysed using lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (active on sn-1,3 position) to produce hydrolysed VCO (HVCO) composed of free fatty acids, 2-monoglycerides. Then acid value was determined. The effect of HVCO on proliferation was evaluated using the MTT method. Wound healing assay was established by a cell migration method, and COX-2 expression was determined using RT-PCR. RESULTS: Acid value is 135.89 ± 0.12 mg NaOH/g oil and free fatty acids (FFA) is 48.50 ± 0.06%. The effect of HVCO 62.5 µg/mL on cell proliferation after 24h, 48h, and 72h incubation found as viable cells are 109.24 ± 0.52%; 118.26 ± 0.91% and 106.59 ± 0.74%. Percent of wound closed after 24 h and 48 h incubation are 69.94 ± 0.54% and 100.00 ± 0.00%, and expression of COX-2 increased from 1 (control) to 1.83 (HVCO). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that HVCO is effective to increase cells proliferation and hence wound healing process