Developing a workbook for primary care nursing students

There is a continuing need to prepare a nursing workforce that is adaptable within a range of care settings. The faculty of health at Staffordshire University seconded a lecturer practitioner for a 12-month period to conduct an audit on primary care placements. Mentors were involved in the audit in order to include their views and opinions alongside those of students

Knowledge Discovery in Databases

KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY IN DATABASES (KDD) revolves around the investigation and creation of knowledge, processes, algorithms, and the mechanisms for retrieving potential knowledge from data collections. Related issues include data collection, database design, the description of entries in the database using the most appropriate representation, and data quality. This article is an introductory overview of knowledge discovery in databases. The rationale and environment of its development and applications are discussed. Issues related to database design and collection are reviewed

The Effect Of Masculine Ideology On Sexual Communication And Sexual Self-Efficacy Among Expectant Adolescent Couples

This study examined the relationship between traditional masculine role norms (status, toughness, anti-femininity) and psychosocial mechanisms of sexual risk (sexual communication, sexual self-efficacy) among young, low-income, and minority parenting couples. Between 2007-2011, 296 pregnant adolescent females and their male partners were recruited from urban obstetrics clinics in Connecticut. Data regarding participants’ beliefs in traditional masculine role norms, frequency of general sex communication and sexual risk communication, and sexual self-efficacy were collected via computer-assisted self-interviews. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to test for actor effects (whether a person’s predictor influences the person’s own outcome) and partner effects (whether a partner’s predictor influences an actor’s outcomes). Results revealed that higher status norms for actors were significantly associated with more actor sexual self-efficacy, higher actor toughness norms were associated with less actor sexual self-efficacy, and higher anti-femininity norms for actors were significantly associated with less actor general sex communication, sexual risk communication, and sexual self-efficacy. No partner effects were found. These results indicate a need for redefining masculine role norms through family-centered approaches in pregnant or parenting adolescent couples to increase sexual communication and sexual self-efficacy. Further research is needed to understand how partner masculine role norms may influence actor psychosocial outcomes in the context of a relationship and on subsequent sexual risk behavior

Getting the Most Out of Giving: Concretely Framing a Prosocial Goal Maximizes Happiness

Across six field and laboratory experiments, participants assigned a more concretely-framed prosocial goal (e.g., making someone smile or increasing recycling) felt happier and reported creating greater personal happiness after performing a goal-directed act of kindness than did those who were assigned a functionally similar, but more abstractly-framed, prosocial goal (e.g., making someone happy or saving the environment). Moreover, mediation analyses revealed that this effect was driven by differences in the size of the gap between participants' expectations and reality. Compared to those who pursued an abstractly-framed prosocial goal, those who pursued a concretely-framed goal perceived that the actual outcome of their goal-directed efforts more accurately matched their expectations, causing them to experience a greater boost in happiness. Evidence that participants are unable to predict this effect, believing that pursuing abstractly-framed prosocial goals would have either an equal or greater positive impact on their own happiness, is also presented

Civilization and Disease

First published in 1943, the classic and oft-cited historical work, Civilization and Disease, by Henry E. Sigerist, has been reprinted this year as a paperback by its original publisher, Cornell University Press. The contents remain unchanged from the original with the exception of a foreword added by Elizabeth Fee, “The Life and Work of Henry E. Sigerist.

Adolescent Fertility and Child Health: The Interaction of Maternal Age, Parity and Birth Intervals in Determining Child Health Outcomes

Introduction: Contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals, Global Goals, Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health 2016-2030, we clarify the interaction between maternal age, parity and birth intervals to examine the effects on child health. Methods: We use Demographic and Health Survey data from 33 sub-Saharan African countries, and apply multivariate Poisson and logistic models to first examine the effect of maternal age (15-17, 18-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-39) on infant mortality and stunting, then modify this relationship by parity and account for the confounding effects of short birth intervals. Results: We find that poor infant mortality outcomes of children born to teen mothers are driven by higher parity children, not first-born children. While first-born children of teen mothers are at a high risk of stunting, they are likely to survive. Short birth intervals have a negative effect on infant survival and stunting outcomes. But controlling for short birth intervals does not completely offset the effect of young age at birth on child survival outcomes. Discussion: High parity children of young mothers are at a high risk of infant mortality, driven in part – but not completely – by short birth intervals. Policies aimed at delaying first birth are warranted, but should not overshadow the need to support adolescent mothers at risk of multiple births that are tightly spaced

Missionaries, measles, and manuscripts: revisiting the Whitman tragedy

The missionaries Marcus Whitman, a doctor, and Narcissa Whitman, his wife, and twelve other members of the Waiilatpu Mission were murdered in November 1847 by a small contingent of the Cayuse Indians in the Oregon Territory. The murders became known as the “Whitman Massacre.” The authors examine the historical record, including archived correspondence held at the Yale University Libraries, for evidence of what motivated the killings and demonstrate that there were two valid perspectives, Cayuse and white. Hence, the event is better termed the “Whitman Tragedy.” The crucial component, a highly lethal measles epidemic, has been called the spark that lit the fuse of the tragedy

Maintaining quality document delivery service with off-site storage facilities

With today's rapidly advancing technology and ever-increasing demand for information, many libraries are experiencing the need for more space. Whether the relocation of collections is temporary, to house materials during a library renovation or building project, or a permanent solution to accommodate long-term growth, key questions must be addressed when planning library services for off-site collections

Partnering to promote service continuity in the event of an emergency: a successful collaboration between two interlibrary loan departments

Readers may use articles without permission of copyright owners, as long as the author and MLA are acknowledged and the use is educational and not for profit

Sailor Perspectives and Recommendations for Communication About Divisive Events and Inclusion within the Fleet

Recent events, such as the death of George Floyd and the resulting Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests, the post elections attack on the U.S. Capitol, and the COVID-19 pandemic, have brought to light the challenges leaders in both private and public/governmental organizations face when communicating with employees about sensitive events. At both the national and global levels these issues are often tied to deep and long-held societal divisions. The U.S. Navy has frequently taken a progressive stance in supporting diversity and inclusion, and the Navy's recent steps to encourage inclusion and engage in necessary conversations are consistent with these actions. However, recent events and efforts to converse about these events have highlighted the challenges inherent in such communication. This study builds upon previous research focused on the tensions between participation and organizational control in online workplace communities (Aten & Salem, 2020). This research explored Sailors' experiences of sensitive conversations on various topics and of necessary conversations directed by Navy leadership following the attacks on the U.S. Capitol. This current research describes Sailors' perceptions of drivers and outcomes of sensitive conversations. It identifies four needed individual and organizational capacities to support successful conversations about sensitive subjects: metacognition, emotional regulation, cultural curiosity, and communication competence. Participants’ responses and related literature highlight two key conclusions. First, Sailors disagree on how the Navy should manage sensitive conversations: majority and minority groups’ perceptions differ on what topics require conversation, and fail to recognize that the inability to engage effectively in sensitive conversations is a military vulnerability. Second, Navy communication often demonstrates an inadequate capacity for managing these conversations: leaders lack self-awareness, emotional regulation is challenging, cultural curiosity is not developed, and the tensions generated by communication hierarchies limit communication effectiveness. These capability gaps constrain Sailors' positive perceptions of sensitive conversations which contribute to continued divisive conversations, reduced perceptions of inclusion, and increased risk from information warfare