Reproductive Parameters and Birth Type Influence on Sanska Goat Kids Body Weight

In this paper Sanska goat reproductive parameters after the first kidding are shown as well as influence of birth type on kid body weight at birth. At first insemination average age of young goats was 252 days. Average gestation period for goats that carried twins was 150.19 days and for goats that carried singles 151.10 days. Determined difference in gestation length of 0.91 days in favor of goats that carried singles was not statistically significant (P0.05). Goat fertility after first kidding was 164.70%. Kid body weight at birth was analyzed based on birth type (singles-twins). Singles had higher body weight at birth than twins by 0.91kg (34.60%) which was statistically very significant (P<0.01). Average body weight of singles was 3.54kg, and twins 2.63kg, twins were approximately 74.29% of body weight of singles. Gender based differences at birth in body weight were present in favor of male kids, but they were not statistically significant (P0.05). Based on obtained results in this research we can conclude that the results which were obtained for researched parameters are within average limits for Sanska goat breed

Effect of Applied Pmsg Dose on Reproductive Parameters for Improved Sjenica Sheep in Anestrous Season

This paper shows the results of the effects of higher dose 700 i.u. of natural gonad tropic hormone PMSG application in comparison with usual 500 i.u dose which is used at the farms during the induction and synchronization of estrus in anestrous season in Sjenica improved sheep. This experiment included 90 grown sheep divided into two groups (control group 30 sheep and experimental group 60 sheep). Both groups received polyurethane sponges impregnated with 20 mg of Fluor Geston Acetate (FGA). After 14 days both group sponges were removed. First group received 500 i.u of PMSG, usual dose, and second (experimental group) received 700 i.u of PMSG. Insemination was conducted 48-72 hours after gonad tropic hormone application. Number of sheep that lambed compared to the number of sheep that were treated was 93.33% (control) and 88.33% experimental group. Average fertility of control group sheep was 150.00% while experimental sheep had average fertility of 209.43%, which is more than 59.43% higher compared to control group. Higher dose of PMSG led to higher number of triplets by 7.34%, quadruplets by 14.41% and quintuplets by 4.50% in the experimental group. Higher dose by 200 i.u of PMSG had a positive effect and increased fertility by 59.43%, which negates zero hypothesis that there is no difference between researched treatments and it proved hypothesis that higher dose of PMSG has a positive effect on Sjenica improved sheep during anestrous season

Simmental Breed Production Characteristics and Breeding Goals

This paper presents the most important production results obtained for the population of Simmetal breed raised in majority of the European countries which with a total population of about 9 million animals rates as the second biggest important cattle breed in Europe. Breeding goals from previous period were analysed along with newly defined breeding goals in some Simmental breed populations. Current mean values for milk yield of Simmental cows in standard lactation in the European countries range from 5500 to 7500 kg. Depending on the Simmental breed population in most countries a breeding goal set for first lactation cows is milk yield of 5500 or 6000 kg with 4.0% milk fat and 3.5% protein, while in cows who finished their third lactation required milk production is more than 7000 kg for Simmental breed, over 8000 kg for Simmental breed with share of Red and White Holstein genes and over 8500 kg for Montbeliard breed. A special emphasis is given on the prolonging of the duration of life and production span. During life span the demand is to produce minimum 30 000 kg milk/cow. This demand can be realised if functional traits in breeding goal participate with over 40 % with proper implementation of improvement programme. As for the traits that are significant for meat production, depending on the population, defined breeding goal for daily liveweight gain are values above 1500 g/day (i.e. 1400 g /day) for Simmental male bullcalves