Knowledge Improvement After Dental Health Education for Elementary School Students in Surabaya, East Java

Background: During the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, many people were afraid to go to the dentist, which affected their dental and oral health conditions. Dental cavities may hamper children's growth and development; if this condition continues, it will affect the children's dietary intake, which may impact their quality of life and, if allowed to, cause stunting. Although in this condition, we still have to take preventive precautions with dental health education in school-age children. This required increasing dental health knowledge and understanding of dental disorders, particularly. Purpose: To describe oral and dental health knowledge improved following dental health education at Muhammadiyah 4 Elementary School, which is located in Pucang, Surabaya City, East Java. Methods: Two surveyors were responsible for data collecting. This study's sample size was 105 people ranging from third to fifth grade. The seminar covered dental and oral health via a hybrid method. The participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire form for the pre-and post-test to determine the improvement of oral and dental health knowledge for the dental health education evaluation. Results: Most oral and dental health participants understood the presentation on oral and dental health education. The post-test percentage was higher (89.14%) than the pre-test rate (60.29%). Conclusion: The program findings demonstrated that oral and dental health education with a hybrid method effectively increased elementary school children's understanding of dental and oral health status

In vitro study sargassum sp. effervescent towards antifungal and compressive strength silicone based softliner

Background: Softliner is commonly used to provide convenience for edentulous patients. However, the use of softliner can cause denture stomatitis due to colonization of Candida albicans. Sargassum sp. contains active compounds of steroids, alkaloids, phenols, triterpenoids, act as antibacterial and antifungal. The use of Sargassum sp. in the form of effervescent as a denture cleanser can prevent denture stomatitis, and it’s expected not to affect the compressive strength. This study aimed to study the concentration variation of Sargassum sp. effervescent towards antifungal and compressive strength silicone based softlinerMethod: 20 sampels of silicone based softliner (10x3x2mm) divided into 5 groups. K(-) soaked in sterilled aquadest; K(+) in Polident solution; P1 in 10% effervescent Sargassum sp. solution; P2 20% ; P3 40%, for 15minutes. Candida calculated by colony counter (CFU/ml). Compressive strength measured by Universal Testing Machine.Result: Candida albicans in the K+ group is the lowest, while the K- group shows the highest value. In P1, P2, P3 group the value of Candida albicans is higher than K+ group, but much lower than K-. The compressive strength of K+ group shows the lowest value but in P3 group shows the highest value compared to other groups.Conclusion: The 10% concentration of effervescent extract Sargassum sp. is effective in reducing the number of Candida albicans in silicone based softliner compared to the K- group. The most effective concentration of effervescent extract Sargassum sp. in reducing the Candida albicans’ growth is 40%. The higher concentration of Sargassum sp. resulting in higher compressive strength

In vitro study sargassum sp. effervescent towards antifungal and compressive strength silicone based softliner

Background: Softliner is commonly used to provide convenience for edentulous patients. However, the use of softliner can cause denture stomatitis due to colonization of Candida albicans. Sargassum sp. contains active compounds of steroids, alkaloids, phenols, triterpenoids, act as antibacterial and antifungal. The use of Sargassum sp. in the form of effervescent as a denture cleanser can prevent denture stomatitis, and it’s expected not to affect the compressive strength. This study aimed to study the concentration variation of Sargassum sp. effervescent towards antifungal and compressive strength silicone based softlinerMethod: 20 sampels of silicone based softliner (10x3x2mm) divided into 5 groups. K(-) soaked in sterilled aquadest; K(+) in Polident solution; P1 in 10% effervescent Sargassum sp. solution; P2 20% ; P3 40%, for 15minutes. Candida calculated by colony counter (CFU/ml). Compressive strength measured by Universal Testing Machine.Result: Candida albicans in the K+ group is the lowest, while the K- group shows the highest value. In P1, P2, P3 group the value of Candida albicans is higher than K+ group, but much lower than K-. The compressive strength of K+ group shows the lowest value but in P3 group shows the highest value compared to other groups.Conclusion: The 10% concentration of effervescent extract Sargassum sp. is effective in reducing the number of Candida albicans in silicone based softliner compared to the K- group. The most effective concentration of effervescent extract Sargassum sp. in reducing the Candida albicans’ growth is 40%. The higher concentration of Sargassum sp. resulting in higher compressive strength

A Novel DC Therapy with Manipulation of MKK6 Gene on Nickel Allergy in Mice

BACKGROUND: Although the activation of dermal dendritic cells (DCs) or Langerhans cells (LCs) via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metal allergy, the in vivo molecular mechanisms have not been identified and a possible therapeutic strategy using the control of dermal DCs or LCs has not been established. In this study, we focused on dermal DCs to define the in vivo mechanisms of metal allergy pathogenesis in a mouse nickel (Ni) allergy model. The effects of DC therapy on Ni allergic responses were also investigated. METHODS AND FINDING: The activation of dermal DCs via p38 MAPK triggered a T cell-mediated allergic immune response in this model. In the MAPK signaling cascade in DCs, Ni potently phosphorylated MAP kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) following increased DC activation. Ni-stimulated DCs could prime T cell activation to induce Ni allergy. Interestingly, when MKK6 gene-transfected DCs were transferred into the model mice, a more pronounced allergic reaction was observed. In addition, injection of short interfering (si) RNA targeting the MKK6 gene protected against a hypersensitivity reaction after Ni immunization. The cooperative action between T cell activation and MKK6-mediated DC activation by Ni played an important role in the development of Ni allergy. CONCLUSIONS: DC activation by Ni played an important role in the development of Ni allergy. Manipulating the MKK6 gene in DCs may be a good therapeutic strategy for dermal Ni allergy

<p><strong>Efek pemberian <em>astaxanthin (Haematococcus pluvialis)</em> terhadap ukuran diameter pada model ulkus traumatikus</p><strong><p><em>The effect of astaxanthin (Haematococcus pluvialis) on diameter measurement in traumatic ulcer model</p></em><strong>

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Prevalensi ulser rongga mulut di Indonesia tinggi (96,6%). Astaxanthin yang berasal dari mikroalga hijau Haematococcus pluvialis merupakan salah satu alternatif pengobatan ulser karena adanya sifat antioksidan yang tinggi dan efek anti inflamasinya. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis pengaruh efektivitas pemberian astaxanthin terhadap selisih ukuran diameter ulser hari ke-1 dan hari ke-3 pada model ulkus traumatikus. Metode: Sampel 30 ekor tikus putih Wistar dibagi secara acak menjadi 5 kelompok penelitian yang diberi perlakuan ulkus traumatikus kemudian di terapi selama 3 hari sesuai dengan kelompok masing-masing: K- (kelompok kontrol yang diberi basis gel); K+ (kelompok kontrol yang diberi asam hialuronat); P1 (pemberian astaxanthin 0,1%); P2 (pemberian astaxanthin 0,5%); P3 (pemberian astaxanthin 1%). Data hasil penelitian selanjutnya dilakukan uji one way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc LSD dengan p=0,05. Hasil: Hasil analisis uji parametrik One Way ANOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) diameter ulser pada hari ke-1 dan hari ke-3. Uji Post Hoc LSD menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara K- (5,300 ± 2,832) dibandingkan dengan K+ (2,297 ± 1,045), P1(1,740 ± 1,168), P2(1,993 ± 0,738), dan P3 (2,448 ± 1,320). Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh pemberian astaxanthin gel dalam menurunkan selisih diameter ulser pada hari ke-1 dan hari ke-3 terhadap proses penyembuhan ulkus traumatikus. Kata kunci: antiinflamasi; astaxanthin; haematococcus pluvialis; ulkus traumatikus ABSTRACT Introduction: The prevalence of traumatic ulcers in Indonesia is high (96,6%). Astaxanthin, derived from the green microalgae Haematococcus Pluvialis, is one of the alternative treatments for ulcer healing due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. This study aimed to analyze astaxanthin’s effectiveness on the difference in the diameter of the ulcer on day 1 and day 3 in a traumatic ulcer model. Methods: Samples of 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups which were treated with traumatic ulcers and then treated for 3 days according to their respective groups: K- (control group given gel base); K+ (control group given hyaluronic acid); P1 (application of 0.1% astaxanthin); P2 (application of 0.5% astaxanthin); P3 (application of 1% astaxanthin). The data results were then carried out with one way ANOVA test, and the Post Hoc LSD test proceeded with p=0,05. Results: The statistical parametric test using One Way ANOVA showed a significant difference (p<0,05) in the diameter ulcer on day 1 and day 3. Post Hoc LSD test showed a significant difference (p<0,05) between K- (5,300  ± 2,832) compare to K+ (2,297 ± 1,045), P1(1,740 ± 1,168), P2(1,993 ± 0,738), and P3 (2,448 ± 1,320). Conclusions: There is an effect of giving astaxanthin gel in reducing the difference in the diameter of the ulcer on day 1 and day 3 on the healing process of traumatic ulcer. Keywords: anti-inflammatory; astaxanthin; haematococcus pluvialis; traumatic ulce

Evaluation in Accuracy to Two Impression Techniques: In Case of Bone Anchored Bridge

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the accuracy of two procedures: open tray with splinting technique and closed tray impression techniques, in innovative in vitro experiments. Materials and Methods: One master cast was fabricated with 4 abutment replica implants with almost parallel position in an anterior region of an edentuloys mandibular plaster cast. The working cast was taken impessions with open tray splinting technique (group 1) and closed tray technique (group 2) using polyvinyl siloxane impression material. The Type III dental stone ws poured into around the impressions. The accuracy of impression procedured were measured 24 hours long after pouring dental stone to each impression. Four sited were marked to measured on every platform of implant analogs. The analyzing stylus was positioned to each site and the heights, horizontal inclination and saggital incliniation were measured using the Laser displacement transducer (LK G115; Keyence, Osaka, Japan). Measurements of these 16 points of four implants per a model was repeated 7 times under the same condition. The gap between the abutment and superstructure at one screw test was evaluated with a digital microscope system (VH-Z100 &amp; VH-5000; Keyence, Osaka, Japan). The mean and standard deviation estimated from the samples of each subgroup were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test (P&lt;0.05 as the level of significance). Results: The relative differences of implant heights, horizontal inclination and saggital inclination of each implant on closed tray technique was statistically different to master cast and open tray with splinting (P&lt;0.005). Conclusion: The open tray technique was more accurate comparing to the closed tray technique. The gap between the abutment and superstructure in the open tray with splinting technique was smaller comparing to closed tray technique.DOI: 10.14693/jdi.v17i1.11