Radiografski utvrđene promjene kostiju i zglobova prsta u goveda s abnormalnim papcima prikupljenima u klaonici.

An abattoir study of radiographic changes of bones and joints was carried out on 94 samples with gross abnormalities of digits which were collected from Shiraz slaughterhouse. Appropriate radiographs were taken from each sample. Various radiographic changes were classified as: osteomyelitis, exostosis, alteration of bone density, deformity of bones, soft tissue calcification, rotation of phalanges, arthritis, degenerative joint diseases, ankylosis of joint, displacement of navicular bone and fracture. About 90% of arthritis and DJD were considered in distal interphalangeal joints. No radiographic changes were observed in 9.57 percent of samples.Istraživanje je provedeno na kostima i zglobovima prikupljenima u klaonici u Shirazu od 94 goveda s poremećajima na papcima. Svaki primjerak prikazan je radiografski. Ustanovljeni su sljedeći poremećaji: osteomijelitis, egzostoze, promjene u gustoći kostiju, deformacija kostiju, kalcifikacija mekog tkiva, rotacija članaka, artritis, degenerativne bolesti zgloba, ankiloza zgloba, dislokacija navikularne kosti i frakture. Oko 90% upala zglobova i degenerativnih zglobnih bolesti utvrđeno je u distalnom zglobu. Poremećaji nisu ustanovljeni u 9,57% pretraženih uzoraka

Aspect-oriented program testing : an annotated bibliography.

Research in aspect-oriented software testing has resulted in many approaches as reported in literature. A few papers have devoted to literature survey in this field of research. However, the survey only focuses on certain selected topic and particular approaches rather than providing a comprehensive set of references that cover most of the work related to aspect-oriented software testing as a whole. In this case, there is no work yet reported in the literature to tackle this shortage. Therefore, in this paper a collection of 81 references drawn from journals, conference and workshop proceedings, thesis, and technical reports on the subject of testing aspect-oriented software is presented. Each reference is accompanied by a summary of important finding. The aim when selecting the references was to cover as many related articles starting from the first work on the subject in 2002 until the year 2011. For this reason, the bibliography is intended to help the researcher or practitioner, who is relatively new, in gathering information on the subject. The bibliography is organized according to the following sections: general introduction; background on the subject; issues in testing aspect-oriented software; fault models and types; testing coverage criteria; aspect-oriented testing techniques; and automated support for testing aspect-oriented software

Architectural knowledge sharing approaches: a survey research

Research on software architecture from different perspectives has been done for several years. However, Architectural Knowledge (AK), a relatively new field, has gained its increasing interest among the community. On this regard, various topics devoted to architectural knowledge, such as reusing, sharing, managing, and communicating are being studied. Among them, AK sharing brings new effective challenges and issues not present when studying other topics in architectural knowledge. Therefore, this paper surveys the current researches on AK sharing (pertaining to software architecture), the approaches, models that are being proposed, and issues that arise when sharing different AKs by different parties. By making survey on AK sharing approaches, a better understanding of these approaches and issues related in this area is provided so that it can be a penetrative resource for a fast training and educating in this area of SE. In addition, conclusion about current state of research in this area and future trends for AK sharing is identified

Anesthetic management of diaphragmatic hernia repair in a dog: a case report and literature review of anesthetic techniques

Summary This case report describes the anesthetic management and ventilation technique in the surgical treatment of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in a dog. A 5-month-old 8-kg female terrier with a history of car accident was presented for femoral fracture repair. Before anesthetic induction, marked tachypnea and dyspnea were noted. Diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed based upon radiographic and ultrasonographic findings. Exploratory laparotomy revealed diaphragmatic rupture and herniation of spleen, omentum, parts of liver lobes and stomach into the thoracic cavity. The importance of thorough physical examination and patient assessment, anesthetic management and monitoring, provision of adequate ventilation and oxygenation during surgery using standard ventilation equipment are discussed

Empirical evaluation of the fault detection effectiveness and test effort efficiency of the automated AOP testing approaches.

Testing process is a time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive activity in any software setting including aspect-oriented programming (AOP). To reduce the testing costs, human effort, and to achieve the improvements in both quality and productivity of AOP, it is desirable to automate testing of aspect-oriented programs as much as possible. In recent past years, a lot of research effort has been devoted to testing aspect-oriented programs but less effort has been dedicated to the automated AOP testing. This denotes that the current research on automated AOP testing is not sufficient and is still in a stage of infancy. In order to advance the state of the research in this area and to provide testers of AOP-based projects with a comparison basis, a detailed evaluation of the current automated AOP testing approaches in a thorough and experimental manner is required. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide such evaluation of the current approaches. In this paper, we carry out an empirical study based on mutation analysis to examine four (namely Wrasp, Aspectra, Raspect, and EAT) existing automated AOP testing approaches, particularly their underlying test input generation and selection strategies, with regard to fault detection effectiveness. In addition, the approaches are compared in terms of required effort in detecting faults as part of efficiency evaluation. The experimental results and comparison provided insights into the effectiveness and efficiency of automated AOP testing with their respective strengths and weaknesses. Results showed that EAT is more effective than the other automated AOP testing approaches but not significant for all approaches. EAT was found to be significantly better than Wrasp at 95% confidence level (i.e. p<0.05), but not significantly better than Aspectra or Raspect. Concerning the test effort efficiency, Wrasp was significantly (p<0.05) efficient with requiring the lowest amount of test effort compared to the other approaches. Whereas, EAT showed to be not very efficient by recording the highest amount of test effort. This implies that EAT can currently be the most effective automated AOP testing approach but perhaps less efficient. More generally, search-based testing (as underlying strategy of EAT approach) might achieve better effectiveness but at the cost of greater test effort compared to random testing (as underlying strategy of other approaches)

AJcFgraph - AspectJ control graph builder for aspect-oriented software.

The ever-growing usage of aspect-oriented development methodology in the field of software engineering requires tool support for both research environments and industry. So far, tool support for many activities in aspect-oriented software development has been proposed, to automate and facilitate their development. For instance, the AJaTS provides a transformation system to support aspect-oriented development and refactoring. In particular, it is well established that the abstract interpretation of programs, in any paradigm, pursued in static analysis is best served by a high-level programs representation, such as Control Flow Graph (CFG). This is why such analysis can more easily locate common programmatic idioms for which helpful transformation are already known as well as, association between the input program and intermediate representation can be more closely maintained. However, although the current researches define the good concepts and foundations, to some extent, for control flow analysis of aspectoriented programs but they do not provide a concrete tool that can solely construct the CFG of these programs. Furthermore, most of these works focus on addressing the other issues regarding Aspect- Oriented Software Development (AOSD) such as testing or data flow analysis rather than CFG itself. Therefore, this study is dedicated to build an aspect-oriented control flow graph construction tool called AJcFgraph Builder. The given tool can be applied in many software engineering tasks in the context of AOSD such as, software testing, software metrics, and so forth

Radiographic comparison of five different techniques for injection into the distal sesamoid bursa in cattle

Summary Numerous techniques for injection into the distal sesamoid bursa (navicular bursa) have been described, especially in equine, but there are few specific descriptions regarding this practice being done in cattle. Five different techniques were compared for injection into the distal sesamoid bursa in cattle including distal plantar approach parallel with the coronary band, proximal plantar approach, distal plantar approach parallel with the sole, abaxial approach, and distal interphalangeal joint injection. The results revealed that the numbers of needle insertion until proper placement is significantly less in the DIPJ and the DPPS techniques compared to the others (P&lt;0.05). Also, based on the times of contrast agent injection after the correct successful needle insertion, there were significant differences between DIPJ with DPPCB, PP30 and the Ab45 techniques (P&lt;0.05). According to the absence of direct communication between the distal sesamoid bursa and distal interphalangeal joint, the placement of the needle through distal plantar approach parallel with the sole was suggested

On the applicability of random testing for aspect-oriented programs.

Random Testing(RT) and its derivatives such as Adaptive Random Testing (ART ) are active and important research topics in software testing, which have also a niche in practical settings due to the merits they offers, e.g. fault-detection capacities at low cost, ease of implementation, reliability estimation, facility for automation and so forth. Inspired by these advantages, we believe the idea behind random testing can be worthwhile and attractive for testing aspect oriented programs since current research on testing of AOP, especially automated has not been adequately performed and is still in infancy. In this paper, we propose a preliminary approach to automated random testing of aspect-oriented programs, which are becoming an important part of software engineering theory and practice. This paper also includes a survey of applicable testing techniques and discussion of established testing methods in both area of Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) and Random Testing (RT)

Sustainability in intelligent building environments using weighted priority scheduling algorithm

Intelligent buildings require various gadgets and sensors to automatically control the underlying environments with enhanced levels of comfort and efficiency. The ever-evolving technology and increasingly complex devices operated by heterogeneous systems have created challenges for intelligent building environments. Multi-platform type of heterogeneous systems functioning in intelligent building environments can lead to system failures with regard to deadlocks and unpredictable behavior, known as conflict occurrence. In this paper, we propose a new decision-making model with a weighted-priority scheduling algorithm that solves the conflicts to achieve efficient and sustainable communication response among heterogeneous systems. The experimental results demonstrate the enhanced response time of the model with conflict resolution. Furthermore, this model minimizes the external intervention to control the setting of such buildings