COCA: Classifier-Oriented Calibration for Source-Free Universal Domain Adaptation via Textual Prototype

Universal Domain Adaptation (UniDA) aims to distinguish common and private classes between the source and target domains where domain shift exists. Recently, due to more stringent data restrictions, researchers have introduced Source-Free UniDA (SF-UniDA) in more realistic scenarios. SF-UniDA methods eliminate the need for direct access to source samples when performing adaptation to the target domain. However, existing SF-UniDA methods still require an extensive quantity of labeled source samples to train a source model, resulting in significant labeling costs. To tackle this issue, we present a novel Classifier-Oriented Calibration (COCA) method. This method, which leverages textual prototypes, is formulated for the source model based on few-shot learning. Specifically, we propose studying few-shot learning, usually explored for closed-set scenarios, to identify common and domain-private classes despite a significant domain shift between source and target domains. Essentially, we present a novel paradigm based on the vision-language model to learn SF-UniDA and hugely reduce the labeling costs on the source domain. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art UniDA and SF-UniDA models

N′2,N′5-Bis[(E)-2-hy­droxy­benzyl­idene]-3,4-dimethyl­thio­phene-2,5-dicarbohydrazide

In the title mol­ecule, C22H20N4O4S, both C=N bonds are in an E conformation. The benzene rings form dihedral angles of 12.10 (13) and 25.17 (12)° with the thio­phene ring. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 17.59 (14)°. There are two intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect mol­ecules into chains along [010]

Long-term stability calculation of reservoir bank slope considering water-rock interaction

Rano upozorenje i prognoza oduvijek su ključne točke u istraživanju klizišta jer katastrofa koju izaziva klizište rezultira ogromnim gubitkom života i imetka. U radu se transformirani rezultati degradacije mase jedne stijene u odnosu na drugu primjenjuju u izračunu promjena stanja stabilnosti i propadanja klizišta tijekom vremena te kao vodič kroz eksperiment zasnovan na interakciji voda-stijena hidro fluktuacijskog pojasa područja akumulacije Three Gorges. Rezultati su pokazali da dok stijenska masa ne degradira do određene mjere, područje klizišta se povećava, klizna površina se kreće ka površini, spušta se napukla površina stražnjeg ruba i masa klizišta se postepeno sužava. Budući da se sposobnost hidro-fluktuacijskog pojasa da se odupre težini gornje stijenske mase smanjuje, hidro-fluktuacijski pojas se najprije urušava, a zatim dovodi do pucanja stražnjeg ruba što rezultira klizanjem velike količine stijenske mase. Doprinos stabilnosti klizišta svakog parametra u raznim slojevima proučava se analizom senzitivnosti. Na temelju toga parametar čvrstoće se može procijeniti i izračunati u kombinaciji s trajnim padom kvalitete hidro-fluktuacijskog pojasa. Parametar potpune čvrstoće može odražavati uključenu sposobnost klizišta da se odupre katastrofi. Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na postojeći projekt, a metode istraživanja predstavljaju novi način za rano upozorenje i predviđanje klizišta.Early warning and forecast have always been the key points for landslide research because the disaster caused by landslide leads to enormous life and property loss. This article applies the transformed degradation results of rock to rock mass to calculate the stability and failure mode changes of landslide over time, and to guide engineering through experiment based on hydro-fluctuation belt water-rock interaction of Three Gorges Reservoir area. The results showed that until the rock mass degrades to a certain extent, the sliding zone export gets rise, the slip plane moves to surface, the back edge crack surface gets down, and the sliding mass gradually narrows down. As the ability of hydro-fluctuation belt to resist upper rock mass load reduces, the hydro-fluctuation belt collapses at the first, and then causes the back edge crack resulting in huge amount of rock mass slip. The contribution of each parameter in different stratum to landslide stability is studied through sensitivity analysis. Based on this, the comprehensive strength parameter can be evaluated and calculated combined with continuous deterioration of hydro-fluctuation belt. The comprehensive strength parameter can reflect comprehensive disaster resist capacity of landslide. The research results provide a reference for actual project, and the research methods provide a new way for landslide early warning and forecast

The Effectiveness and Safety of Total Glucosides of Paeony in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of the total glucosides of paeony (TGP) on the treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) by conducting a meta-analysis.Methods: Eight databases were searched from their inception to December 10, 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The Revman 5.3 software was used for this meta-analysis.Results: Nine RCTs which included 770 participants were identified. Pooled results showed that significant difference in Schirmer's test (P < 0.00001) comparing TGP with placebo (PBO). However, the pooled results displayed significant differences in salivary flow rate, Schirmer's test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), serum γ-globulin, immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, IgM, and effective rate (P ≤ 0.01) in the co-administration of TGP with immunosuppressant (IS) compared with IS alone. Subgroup analyses revealed both heterogeneities in ESR and serum γ-globulin were eliminated, showing combined intervention of TGP + IS being more advantageous than single usage of IS (P < 0.00001). However, the advantage varied among three subgroups and showed a gradual weakening over time. Furthermore, our results showed statistical significance in Schirmer's test (P = 0.0006), when hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was jointly applied, but not in the case of combined TGP with methotrexate (MTX) (P = 0.41). For the safety analysis, the most common adverse events (AEs) were diarrhea or gastrointestinal discomfort, and no severe AEs were reported in TGP group. Meanwhile, six trials showed statistically insignificant differences between TGP + IS and IS in AEs (P = 0.76).Conclusions: Improving the lacrimal gland secretion (Schirmer's test) is the prominent function of TGP compared with PBO. TGP + IS can improve the clinical symptoms, such as lacrimal and salivary gland secretion function (Schirmer's test, salivary flow rate), inflammatory indices (ESR, CRP, and RF) and immunoglobulins (γ-globulin, IgG, IgA, and IgM) on the basis of IS monotherapy. In addition, TGP has an acceptable safety profile and AEs were not increased when TGP combined with IS in pSS. Therefore, TGP can be considered to be a potentially valid and safe drug for the treatment of pSS in the clinic. In view of the limitations of the included trials, the potential beneficial effectiveness and safety of TGP need additional high-quality, multi-center, and large-scale RCTs to assess its use in pSS treatment

A revision of the genus Eurymesosa Breuning, 1938 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Mesosini)

A taxonomic revision and redescription of the genus Eurymesosa Breuning, 1938 are presented, including a key to species. Three of the five currently accepted species are considered valid: Eurymesosa ventralis (Pascoe, 1865), Eurymesosa allapsa (Pascoe, 1866) and Eurymesosa ziranzhiyi Yamasako & Lin, 2016. Three junior synonyms are proposed for E. ventralis: Eurymesosa albostictica Breuning, 1962, syn. nov., Eurymesosa affinis Breuning, 1970, syn. nov., and Eurymesosa multinigromaculata Breuning, 1974, syn. nov. Additionally, E. allapsa (Pascoe, 1866) is resurrected from synonyms of E. ventralis. Females of E. allapsa and E. ziranzhiyi Yamasako & Lin, 2016 are described for the first time

2-(3-Morpholino­prop­yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo­[3,4-b]quinolin-1-one monohydrate

In the title compound, C18H21N3O2·H2O, the fused-ring system is approximately planar [maximum atomic deviation = 0.028 (3) Å]; the morpholine ring displays a chair conformation. The crystal packing is stabilized by classical inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the organic mol­ecules and the water mol­ecules

Spectrum-effect relationships between high performance liquid chromatography fingerprint and analgesic property of Anisodus tanguticus (Maxim) Pascher (Solanaceae) roots

Purpose: To investigate the spectrum-effect relationships between high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) fingerprint and analgesic activity of Anisodus tanguticus (Maxim.) Pascher (Solanaceae) (AT)  roots.Methods: Analgesic activity of AT roots was evaluated by acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice. Fingerprint of AT roots was established by HPLC-DAD. After oral administration of AT roots extract, intra-gastric contents of caffeoylputrescine, anisodine, fabiatrin, scopolin, scopolamine, anisodamine and atropine in mice were determined by HPLC-DAD. Spectrum-effect relationships between HPLCDAD fingerprint and analgesic activity were investigated using bivariate correlation analysis.Results: Following treatment with different batches of AT roots extract, acetic acid-induced writhing responses in mice were inhibited significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01), with inhibitions of 26.62 - 55.13 %, relative to the control group. Sixteen common peaks were obtained by fingerprint analysis. Peaks 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 12 were identified as caffeoylputrescine, anisodine, fabiatrin, scopolin, scopolamine, anisodamine and atropine, respectively. Bivariate correlation analysis between analgesic activity of AT roots and 16 common peaks areas indicated the  contributions of 16 common peaks to analgesic activity of AT roots. Surprisingly, bivariate correlation analysis between analgesic activity of AT roots and intragastric contents of above-named 7 constituents revealed that the contributions of the 7 constituents to analgesic activity of AT roots were different from those based on their peak areas.Conclusion: This study provides scientific justification for the investigation of the active constituents of AT root with a view to its standardization.Keywords: Anisodus tanguticus root, Analgesic activity, HPLC-DAD fingerprint,  Bivariate correlation analysi

Genome-wide gene responses in a transgenic rice line carrying the maize resistance gene Rxo1 to the rice bacterial streak pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola

Abstract Background Non-host resistance in rice to its bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), mediated by a maize NBS-LRR type R gene, Rxo1 shows a typical hypersensitive reaction (HR) phenotype, but the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this type of non-host resistance remain largely unknown. Results A microarray experiment was performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying HR of rice to Xoc mediated by Rxo1 using a pair of transgenic and non-transgenic rice lines. Our results indicated that Rxo1 appeared to function in the very early step of the interaction between rice and Xoc, and could specifically activate large numbers of genes involved in signaling pathways leading to HR and some basal defensive pathways such as SA and ET pathways. In the former case, Rxo1 appeared to differ from the typical host R genes in that it could lead to HR without activating NDR1. In the latter cases, Rxo1 was able to induce a unique group of WRKY TF genes and a large set of genes encoding PPR and RRM proteins that share the same G-box in their promoter regions with possible functions in post-transcriptional regulation. Conclusions In conclusion, Rxo1, like most host R genes, was able to trigger HR against Xoc in the heterologous rice plants by activating multiple defensive pathways related to HR, providing useful information on the evolution of plant resistance genes. Maize non-host resistance gene Rxo1 could trigger the pathogen-specific HR in heterologous rice, and ultimately leading to a localized programmed cell death which exhibits the characteristics consistent with those mediated by host resistance genes, but a number of genes encoding pentatricopeptide repeat and RNA recognition motif protein were found specifically up-regulated in the Rxo1 mediated disease resistance. These results add to our understanding the evolution of plant resistance genes.</p