Association of maternal Vitamin D status with glucose tolerance and caesarean section in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort: the growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes study

10.1371/journal.pone.0142239PLoS ONE10111-16GUSTO (Growing up towards Healthy Outcomes

The behaviour of cold-formed steel plain anchor plate in compression

Cold-formed steel anchor plate is widely used in the local construction industry especially in lightweight roof truss system. It is used to connect a truss to its support, transferring load. Sometimes these anchor plates are used to level a truss without a wall plate. The truss then, depended on the anchor plates to carry them in place until grouting is done. The clearance between the support and a truss can go up to a 100mm high. As with other thin-walled structures, stability is a critical design issue here. This paper examines the effect of plate thickness and load profiles on the plate performance. A total of 18 tests were conducted to determine the ultimate capacity of the anchor plate. The load measured from the experiment was used to determine the eccentricity of the system through Parametric Column Analysis. Results indicate that the thicker and longer the plate, the higher the imperfections. By taking the worst case condition, a factor of 0.17 is used to calculate the capacity of the anchor plate

Bending capacity of cold-formed lipped c-channel with intermediate stiffeners

This paper describes a four point bending test to determine the bending capacity of cold-formed steel (CFS) beams with intermediate stiffeners. As established by researches all around the world, the load-carrying capacity and the buckling behaviour of compression components of CFS sections can improve considerably with the addition of intermediate stiffeners. However, when the dimensions of the actual intermediate stiffener do not fulfil the required minimum moment of inertia recommended in the design standard, the load-carrying capacity of the member has to be determined either on the basis of a flat element disregarding the intermediate stiffener or through tests. In this study, grade G550 lipped C-channels with intermediate web stiffeners were tested to determine the additional capacity provided by the stiffeners as compared to lipped C-channels without intermediate web stiffeners. The sections were tested in the major bending axis where the stiffened web element experienced a stress gradient. The experimental ultimate moment (

Experimental investigation of cold-formed steel screw connection

This paper presents a test program on screw connections of thin steel sheets using single shear connection and moment connection tests. The structural behavior of the screw connections were studied by varying the thickness of the steel sheets, number and arrangement of screws for each connection. The failure loads and failure modes were obtained from the tests. The failure modes observed were net section tension, tilting and bearing failure. No buckling was observed in the moment connection joint. The test strength was compared with the predicted strength using the current specifications for coldformed steel structures. It is shown that the strength of the single shear screw connection predicted by the current specifications is generally conservative. However, the strength predicted for the moment connection joint is not conservative

Experimental investigation of cold-formed steel screw connection

This paper presents a test program on screw connections of thin steel sheets using single shear connection and moment connection tests. The structural behavior of the screw connections were studied by varying the thickness of the steel sheets, number and arrangement of screws for each connection. The failure loads and failure modes were obtained from the tests. The failure modes observed were net section tension, tilting and bearing failure. No buckling was observed in the moment connection joint. The test strength was compared with the predicted strength using the current specifications for cold-formed steel structures. It is shown that the strength of the single shear screw connection predicted by the current specifications is generally conservative. However, the strength predicted for the moment connection joint is not conservative

Bending capacity of cold-formed lipped C-channel with intermediate stiffeners

This paper describes a four point bending test to determine the bending capacity of cold-formed steel (CFS) beams with intermediate stiffeners. As established by researches all around the world, the load-carrying capacity and the buckling behaviour of compression components of CFS sections can improve considerably with the addition of intermediate stiffeners. However, when the dimensions of the actual intermediate stiffener do not fulfil the required minimum moment of inertia recommended in the design standard, the load-carrying capacity of the member has to be determined either on the basis of a flat element disregarding the intermediate stiffener or through tests. In this study, grade G550 lipped C-channels with intermediate web stiffeners were tested to determine the additional capacity provided by the stiffeners as compared to lipped C-channels without intermediate web stiffeners. The sections were tested in the major bending axis where the stiffened web element experienced a stress gradient. The experimental ultimate moment (MT) obtained was compared with the theoretical elastic bending moment (Me) and the design capacity according to Australian/New Zealand Standard (MAS/NZS)

Coincidental spontaneous perforation of the small intestine following operative hysteroscopy: A case report

Objective: Operative hysteroscopy is a common gynecologic procedure, but it carries the risk of complications. Spontaneous small intestine perforation is rare and fatal, especially in young adults. We present a spontaneous small intestine perforation after operative hysteroscopy with mimicking sign of uterine perforation after operation hysteroscopy. Case report: A 30-year-old nulligravida woman underwent Truclear® hysteroscopic polypectomy in the morning in LMD. She suffered from upper abdominal pain in the afternoon. Subsequently, progressive abdominal distention and imminent shock occurred the next morning. Initially, it was supposed to be a case of uterine rupture with internal bleeding. She was transferred to the emergency department of our hospital. Complete biochemistry data and abdominal CT were performed. The CT revealed pneumoperitoneum and ascites. Emergent laparoscopy was arranged. The abdominal cavity was full of intestinal fluid and the myomatous uterus was intact. The surgeon performed a laparotomy, two sites of spontaneous perforation of the small intestine were detected. The patient underwent laparotomic segmental resection and anastomosis and was discharged 14 days after surgery without incident. Conclusions: The risk of uterine perforation during hysteroscopy is up to 1.6%. The use of non-thermal intrauterine morcellator device (Truclear®) has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of perforation and thermal injury. As this case highlights, we suspected the possibility of uterine perforation immediately after hysteroscopic surgery. However, it happened to be rare spontaneous perforation of small bowel. The patient recovered well after timely transfer and management. Hysteroscopy is a very common procedure in gynecologic clinics, but even relatively safe intrauterine morcellator devices carry risk of complications. As a healthcare provider, we should beware of any comorbidity, for sometimes it would be catastrophic