Linear general rate model of chromatography for core–shell particles: Analytical solutions and moment analysis

Due to their proven performance and improved availability, core–shell particles are increasingly applied for chromatographic separations. This paper presents semi-analytical solutions and a moment analysis of a detailed mathematical model for fixed-beds packed with core–shell particles. The model considers axial dispersion, interfacial mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, linear adsorption, and the injection of rectangular pulses. The Laplace transformation is used as a basic tool to derive semi-analytical solutions. In addition the first three statistical temporal moments are derived from solutions in the Laplace domain. The numerical Laplace inversion is applied for back transformation of the solution in the actual time domain. In order to demonstrate their potential, different scenarios are considered to quantify the effects of the relative core size, axial dispersion, film mass transfer resistance and intraparticle diffusion resistance in the porous layer on the elution profiles. An important new result is the derivation of a plate height equation for fully porous and core–shell particles respecting the Danckwerts boundary conditions. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. [acccessed 2015 September 8th

Phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of different plants and in silico investigation of their bioactive compounds in wound healing and rheumatism

In the current study the assessment of the antimicrobial and phytochemical properties of Cassia fistula, Musa paradisiaca, Ficus religiosa and Murraya koenigii plants extracts was carried out. The antibacterial potential of these plants extracts was tested against S. aureus and E. coli. The Cassia fistula and Ficus religiosa leaves showed the larger zone of inhibition in aqueous and butanolic extract respectively against Escherichia coli. Musa paradisiaca and Murraya koenigii leaves showed larger zone of inhibition in ethanolic extract against S. aureus. Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins and tannins in all extracts while phylobatannins, emodins, anthocyanins and leucoanthocyanins were not present in these extracts. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed the highest alkaloid content in the Murraya koenigii leaves. Highest tannin content and flavonoid content was found in Ficus religiosa leaves, while highest phenolic content was found in case of Cassia fistula. In addition to this antioxidant potential of all the extracts was determined. Musa paradisiaca leaves showed highest antioxidant potential as compared to other plant extracts. In silico analysis of bioactive components present in plant extracts was performed by molecular docking. The rutin and Glu from Musa paradisiaca and Murraya koenigii respectively, were docked with Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (1GSK-3beta) protein. Quercetin and rutin from Cassia fistula and Ficus religiosa respectively, were docked with C- reactive protein (CRP). The tested bioactive compounds showed good binding affinity with significant number of hydrogen bonds and can be used as a good alternative of synthetic drugs to treat rheumatism and wounds

One-year major adverse cardiovascular events among same-day discharged patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention at a tertiary care cardiac centre in Karachi, Pakistan: a prospective observational study

Objective Knowledge regarding the short-term outcomes after same-day discharge (SDD) post primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is lacking. In this study, we evaluated 1-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among SDD patients after primary PCI.Design 1-year follow-up analysis of a subset of patients from an existing prospective cohort study.Setting Tertiary care cardiac hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.Participants Consecutive patients, from August 2019 to July 2020, with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction who had undergone primary PCI with SDD (within 24 hours) after the procedure by the treating physician and with at least one successful follow-up up to 1 year.Outcome measure Cumulative MACE during follow-up at the intervals of 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 1 year.Results 489 patients were included, with a gender distribution of 83.2% (407) male patients and a mean age of 54.58±10.85 years. Overall MACE rate during the mean follow-up duration of 326.98±76.71 days was 10.8% (53), out of which 26.4% (14/53) events occurred within 6 months of discharge and the remaining 73.6% (39/53) occurred between 6 months and 1 year. MACE was significantly higher among patients with a Zwolle Risk Score (ZRS) ≥4 at baseline, with an incidence rate of 21.9% (16/73) vs 8.9% (37/416; p=0.001) in patients with ZRS≤3 (relative risk 2.88 (95% CI 1.5 to 5.5)).Conclusion A significant burden of short-term MACE was identified among SDD patients after primary PCI; most of these events occurred after 6 months of SDD, mainly among patients with ZRS≥4. A systematic risk assessment based on risk stratification modalities such ZRS could be a viable option for SDD patients with primary PCI