A solution to the problem of too many instruments in dynamic panel data GMM

The well-known problem of too many instruments in dynamic panel data GMM is dealt with in detail in Roodman (2009, Oxford Bull. Econ. Statist.). The present paper goes one step further by providing a solution to this problem: factorisation of the standard instrument set is shown to be a valid transformation for ensuring consistency of GMM. Monte Carlo simulations show that this new estimation technique outperforms other possible transformations by having a lower bias and RMSE as well as greater robustness of overidentifying restrictions. The researcher's choice of a particular transformation can be replaced by a data-driven statistical decision. --Dynamic panel data,generalised method of moments,instrument proliferation,factor analysis

A solution to the problem of too many instruments in dynamic panel data GMM

The well-known problem of too many instruments in dynamic panel data GMM is dealt with in detail in Roodman (2009, Oxford Bull. Econ. Statist.). The present paper goes one step further by providing a solution to this problem: factorisation of the standard instrument set is shown to be a valid transformation for ensuring consistency of GMM. Monte Carlo simulations show that this new estimation technique outperforms other possible transformations by having a lower bias and RMSE as well as greater robustness of overidentifying restrictions. The researcher's choice of a particular transformation can be replaced by a data-driven statistical decision. --Dynamic Panel Data,Generalised Method of Moments,Instrument Proliferation,Factor Analysis

A Case Study in Architectural Ornamentation

Includes bibliographical reference

Acer negundo L.

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/21712/thumbnail.jp

Acer platanoides L.

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/21691/thumbnail.jp

Acer platanoides L.

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/21691/thumbnail.jp

Viola canadensis L.

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/20462/thumbnail.jp

Influences On The Development Of Ethical Decision-Making In Speech-Language Pathology Students: A Phenomenological Study Of Graduate Students And Clinical Supervisors

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) serve as members of the interprofessional team for complex patients. As such, SLPs are required to uphold ethical practices and respond to the needs of patients, their families, healthcare organizations, and the interprofessional team. Speech-language pathology graduates are part of the ethical healthcare team during clinical experiences. Yet, limited research is available to define the development of student ethical decision-making. The purpose of this study was to explore what influences SLP graduate students and clinical supervisors ascribe to in the development of ethical decision-making. Participants included five SLP graduate students and six SLP clinical supervisors from accredited SLP programs in the Upper Midwest. Participants engaged in two, semi-structured interviews discussing their backgrounds and experiences in ethical decision-making. A phenomenological method was used to analyze the results through the theoretical framework of epistemological development and healthcare higher education. The participants described dysphagia services, mandated reporting, and issues with the SLP scope of practice as their leading ethical dilemmas. They also detailed patients, family members, and other professionals as the main influences on their ethical reasoning. Recommendations include a focus on student development through best-practice healthcare education, interprofessional education, communities of practice, and scaffolded epistemological development

Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch.

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