The Effects of Rosemary Extract on Spermatogenesis and Sexual Hormones of Mice under Heat Stress

Heat stress can affect reproduction potential as an environmental factor. This Study was carried out to investigate the effects of rosemary extract on spermatogenesis and sexual hormones of laboratory mice under heat stress. 50 male mature mice were examined in five groups including a control group and four experimental groups [0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of rosemary extract]. Samples were kept under heat stress four hours a day and received the extract doses for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, the amount of testosterone, LH, and FSH hormones plus the number of spermatogenic cells were measured. Obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Heat stress in zero doses reduced testosterone, LH, and FSH significantly whereas rosemary extract increased testosterone and LH in 200 and 400 doses and FSH in 100,200, and 400 doses. Primary spermatocytes were decreased in zero doses significantly but increased significantly in other experimental groups [p<0.05]. In general, Heat stress reduces male sex hormones and spermatogenic cells but rosemary extract compensated this reduction dose-dependently and improved sexual potential under heat stress

The effect of black seed (Nigella sativa) hydro-alcoholic extract on breeding factors in female mice

زمینه و هدف: سیاه دانه از خانواده آلاله بوده و از دیرباز به عنوان ادویه و دارو استفاده می شده است. با توجــه به نقش این گیاه در درمان ناباروری این تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثر عصاره سیاه دانه بر میزان هورمون های گنادوتروپین، استروژن، پروژسترون و فولیکولوژنز در موش کوچک آزمایشگاهی (Balb/c) انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق تجربی 40 سر موش ماده نژاد Balb/c به صورت تصادفی در پنج گروه هشت تایی (3 گروه تیمار، گروه کنترل و گروه دارونما) تقسیم شدند. ابتدا موش ها با تزریق درون صفاقی کلوپروستنول و 3 روز بعد از آن با تزریق زیر جلدی پروژسترون هم سیکل گردیدند. عصاره هیدروالکلی سیاه دانه با دوزهای 50، 100، mg/kg 200 به صورت یک روز در میان به روش داخل صفاقی طی20 روز تزریق شد. در پایان دوره سطح هورمون های گنادوتروپین (FSH, LH) و استروژن و پروژسترون به روش ایمونورادیومتری اندازه گیری شد. تخمدان ها خارج شده و پس از برش بافتی توسط میکروسکوپ نوری مورد مطالعه قرارگرفت. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های آماری آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه و دانکن تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: کاهش معنی دار در میزان هورمون های گنادوتروپین (FSH, LH) و افزایش معنی دار استروژن در تمام گروه های تیمار دیده شد (05/0

The effect of feeding with soybean on serum levels of TSH, T3 and T4 in male mice

Introduction: Soybean possesses isoflavones and might, therefore, cause problem in thyroid hormone synthesis. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of soybean on serum levels of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Triiodothyronine (T3), and Thyroxine (T4) in male mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 Balb/C male mice were randomly assigned to three groups of eight including control or base diet-fed group and treatment groups 1 and 2 receiving respectively 30 and 50 soybean-containing diet. After nine weeks, the blood sample was taken from the animals&rsquo; heart and serum levels of TSH, T3, and T4 were measured. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using one-way ANOVA and Duncan&rsquo;s test. Results: In 50 soybean group, a significant decrease was observed in T4 serum level compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05). On the other hand, this hormone level non-significantly decreased in the group fed by 30 soybean compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05). TSH serum level increased significantly in 30 soybean group compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05). But, serum level of T3 was not significantly different between 30 or 50 soybean groups and control group (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: In view of the findings, it is estimated that the effect of addition of soybean into meal on thyroid function is dose-dependent, so that the diet containing 30 and 50 soybean might cause increased TSH release in thyrotrope cells and hence variation in pituitary-thyroid axis function.</p

The effect of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins of male mice

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: زمینه و هدف: زنجبیل (Zingiber officinale) به عنوان ادویه در رژیم غذایی بسیاری از مناطق دنیا استفاده می شود. تحقیقات اخیر نشان داده است که زنجبیل بسته به ترکیبات فعال مختلف (شامل شوگاال ها و جینجرول ها)، اثرات دارویی مختلفی دارد. هدف این مطالعه تعیین اثر عصاره الکلی زنجبیل بر روی الگوی الکتروفورتیک اجزای پروتئینی سرم در موش های کوچک آزمایشگاهی بوده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی چهار گروه موش کوچک آزمایشگاهی نر بالغ (8 موش در هر گروه) برای آزمایش استفاده شد. گروه یک (گروه کنترل) نرمال سالین و سه گروه دیگر سه دوز متفاوت mg/kg 10 (گروه 2)، mg/kg 20 (گروه 3) و mg/kg 40 (گروه 4) عصاره الکلی زنجبیل را هر 4 ساعت به مدت بیست روز از طریق تزریق داخل صفاقی دریافت نمودند. سپس خون گیری از طریق سینوس چشمی انجام و سطوح پروتئینی پره آلبومین، آلفا-1، آلفا-2، بتا و گاما گلبولین ها با روش الکتروفورز جدا و به کمک برنامه ویژه کامپیوتری تفکیک پروتئین های سرم اندازه گیری شد. نسبت A/G (نسبت آلبومین به گلبولین) با استفاده از الگوی الکتروفورتوگرام محاسبه گردید. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون توکی و آزمون تعقیبی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: عصاره الکلی زنجبیل به طور معنی داری سطوح آلبومین و پروتئین تام سرم را در گروه سوم (g/dl 25/0±7/3) و چهارم (g/dl 37/0±71/3) در مقایسه با گروه کنترل افزایش داد (05/0P). نسبت A/G به طور معنی داری در گروه سه (g/dl 48/0±05/2) بیشتر از گروه کنترل (g/dl 16/0±37/1) بود (05/0

Antiepileptic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of basil in mice

Introduction: Epilepsy has been always considered as one of the most prevalent disorders of nervous system and despite various drugs available, there are still some patients who have drug resistance. In traditional medicine, basil (Ocimum basilicum) has been used in treating epilepsy. To achieve an effective antiepileptic drug with few side effects, the antiepileptic effect of O. basilicum was investigated in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epilepsy model. Methods: In this experimental research, 48 laboratory female mice (for removing gender factor) were designated in 6 equal groups. The experimental groups comprised control, sham, and four treatment groups receiving the extract at 100, 250, 300, and 350 mg/kg doses (intraperitoneally; ip), 65 minutes before PTZ injection and the factors of epilepsy symptoms and the symptoms frequency were studied. Results: The obtained results of using different doses (100, 250, 300, 350 mg/kg) of the extract indicated that the mice in 100 mg/kg dose group exhibited the highest frequency of epileptic attacks. The samples receiving the extract at 100 and 250 mg/kg doses exhibited the highest and lowest frequency of myoclonic twitches, respectively. In the group treated with 250 mg/kg dose, the symptoms of epilepsy, frequency of epilepsy, and mortality rate respectively increased, decreased, and decreased (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: By the obtained results, the hydroalcoholic extract of O. basilicum at 250 mg/kg dose could be recommended as an effective drug for preventing epilepsy in the animal model.</p

Study of three common ApoB gene mutations in possible familial hypercholesterolemia patients in Cheharmahal va Bakhtiari province, Iran, 2003

Background and aim: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused mainly by mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB).Until now, the molecular basis of FH has been demonstrated in detail in many populations , but there is still very limited molecular data concerning FH in Iran . The aim of this study was to investigate frequency of 3 common Apo-B100 gene mutations in an Iranian population. Method: In this descriptive –lab based study a total of 30 non-related possible FH subjects from Cheharmahal va Bakhtiari were studies. All samples were tested for 3 common Apo-B100 gene mutations including R3500Q, R3500W and R3531C using PCR-RFLP procedure. Result: None of the common Apo-B100 mutations R3500Q, R3500W and R3531C were detected in samples examined using PCR-RFLP. Conclusion: Our data indicated that Apo-B100 gene mutations have not contribution to FH in samples studied here. However, we examined 3 common Apo-B100 mutations in only 30 patients, and to determine the role of mutations of this gene in developing FH in Cheharmahal va Bakhtiari province, more FH samples/populations needed to be investigated

The Effect of Taraxacum officinale

Objectives. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Asteraceae and has medicinal and culinary uses. Dandelion has been used as a remedy for anemia, purifing the blood, and providing immune modulation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydro alcoholic extract on blood cells in mice. Methods. Five groups each including ten adult female (Balb/C) mice weighing 30 ± 5 g were chosen. Normal saline was administered as placebo for group, and dandelion hydro alcoholic extract in doses of 50,100, and 200 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally for 20 days to test groups and the last group was control group.WBC, RBC, HB, HCT, platelet, and other cells were measured with automated cell counter. Main Results. The number of RBC and the rate of HB in three doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly increased (<0.05). As compared with control group, the number of WBC in three doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg increased, but it was significantly in 200 mg/kg dandelion treated group as compared with control group(<0.05). The rate of platelet in three doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly decreased as compared with control group (<0.01). 3 doses of dandelion increased lymphocyte numbers significantly compared with controls. Conclusion. The study indicates efficacy of dandelion extract on RBC and HB in doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg and in 200 mg/kg on WBC to achieve normal body balance