Numerical simulation of single droplet dynamics in three-phase flows using ISPH

In this study, a new surface tension formulation for modeling incompressible, immiscible three-phase fluid flows in the context of incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) in two dimensions has been proposed. A continuum surface force model is employed to transform local surface tension force to a volumetric force while physical surface tension coefficients are expressed as the sum of phase specific surface tension coefficients, facilitating the implementation of the proposed method at triple junctions where all three phases are present. Smoothed color functions at fluid interfaces along with artificial particle displacement throughout the computational domain are combined to increase accuracy and robustness of the model. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, several numerical simulations have been carried out and results are compared to analytical data available in literature. Results obtained by simulations are compatible with analytical data, demonstrating that the ISPH scheme proposed here is capable of handling three-phase flows accurately

Liquid phase diffusion growth of SiGe single crystals under magnetic fields

The manuscript presents the results of a combined experimental and modeling study on the Liquid Phase Diffusion (LPD) growth of single crystal SixGe1-x on Germanium with and with the application of magnetic fields. Although the LPD process is mainly diffusion driven through out the growth period, strong natural thermosolutal convection occurs in the first five hours of growth, and the growth interface is concave to the melt. Applied rotating and static magnetic fields were considered to examine the growth and silicon dissolution processes in the LPD system. Results show that the application of a combined applied magnetic is beneficial

Numerical investigation of three-phase flows using incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics

An ISPH method for the simulation of three-phase °ows is presented in this article. The proposed method is investigated through the simulation of a droplet located at the interface of two immiscible °uids as well as diamond droplet deformation. The extendibility of the proposed surface tension formulations for three-phase fows to two-phase fows is also investigated. It is observed that the results obtained from the numerical simulations are in good agreement with the analytical ones

Very large dielectric response from ferroelectric nanocapacitor films due to collective surface and strain relaxation effects

Dependence of the dielectric response of ferroelectrics on defect types, particularly those with long range strain fields in confined geometries have been often mentioned, especially in interpreting experimental results in films. However, detailed discussions on the mechanisms with which defects alter properties, particularly in the presence of interfaces imposing certain boundary conditions, are seldom made. Here, we studied the thickness dependence of transition temperatures and dielectric response of Metal/BaTiO3/Metal ferroelectric nanocapacitor structures grown on SrTiO3 using a phenomenological approach accounting for the equations of electrostatics and semiconductors. Relaxation of the misfit strain via misfit dislocations amplify the surface effects in films below a critical thickness and favor electrical domains leading to very large dielectric responses in this regime. Thin film structures with relaxed misfit strain in this work are fully-depleted in the presence of moderate densities of impurities (~1025 m-3). This is due to the reduction of polarization amplitude parallel to the film normal and its mplications for near-micron thick films are discussed. Consequently, the misfit dislocation sites have nearly no free carrier localization, making the role of these sites on leakage currents highly questionable. Dielectric response of intrinsic thicker films (>40 nm) are mostly under the influence of strain relaxation only with minimal interface impact in the limit of ideal electrodes. Our results point out that control of the dislocation density can lead to non-conventional functionalities in ferroelectric thin film capacitors via electromechanical coupling of properties to structure and domain stabilization

How Do Translation Students’ Cognitive Efforts Vary? - An Answer in Consideration of Pauses

Note: This paper has been derived from the author’s doctoral dissertation, which is titled “Assessment of Translation Trainees' Translation Competencies within the Scope of Specialized Translation” and was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Fellowship#: 1059B141401063). Abstract Cognitive dynamics of translators as a translational phenomenon have drawn much scholarly attention over the last three decades and this non-physical phenomenon has been investigated in view of textual and non-textual observable data. The present study operationalizes pauses as observable non-textual data to investigate cognitive effort that translation students invest in as they translate. To this end, the author utilized a keylogger – Translog II – to obtain pause-related data, i.e. number of pauses and length of pauses. The sample consists of 78 first-, second-, third-, and fourth-year translation students studying in the Department of Translation and Interpreting in English at Istanbul University. The data were collected from the participants in two sessions, October 2013 and May 2014, in which they were invited to translate two excerpts from two different user’s manuals. The results revealed that translation students tend to invest not only higher levels of but also varying degrees of cognitive efforts during translation as they are more exposed to translation training. Keywords: Number of pauses, Length of pauses, Cognitive effort, Translation students, Keylogging, DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-2-05 Publication date: January 31st 202

Formation control of multiple robots using parametric and implicit representations

A novel method is presented for formation control of a group of autonomous mobile robots using parametric and implicit descriptions of the desired formation. Shape formation is controlled by using potential fields generated from Implicit Polynomial (IP) representations and the control for keeping the desired shape is designed using Elliptical Fourier Descriptors (EFD). Coordination of the robots is modeled by linear springs between each robot and its nearest two neighbors. This approach offers more flexibility in the formation shape and scales well to different swarm sizes and to heterogeneous systems. The method is simulated on robot groups with different sizes to form various formation shapes

Thickness driven stabilization of saw-tooth-like domains upon phase transitions in ferroelectric thin films with depletion charges

Ionized impurities have nearly always been neglected in discussing the limit of functionality of ferroelectric thin films. One would certainly expect that the thickness limit for functionality would be altered in the presence of ionized impurities, but how this would occur remains unclear. In this article, we analyze the domain structures as well as the phase transition temperatures in films with depletion charges for various film thicknesses. Depletion charges induce a position-dependent built-in field that leads to an inhomogeneous distribution of ferroelectric polarization. Such an inhomogeneity in the polarization results in strong depolarizing fields in films. We show that formation of saw-tooth-type domains is a way to circumvent the depolarizing fields, even in films with ideal electrodes. There is a critical film thickness above which the saw-tooth domains develop. On the other hand, the phase transition of the ultrathin structures with electrodes having a finite screening length, namely real electrodes, is always into the multidomain state during cooling from the paraelectric state, regardless of the presence of depletion charges. An important finding we have is that the transition temperature in films with real electrodes does not depend nearly at all on the depletion charge density unless it is very high (>10(26) ionized impurities/m(3)). Relatively thick films (>8 nm in this work) with real electrodes that have very high depletion charge densities have transition temperatures very similar to those with the same charge density, but with ideal electrodes, making us conclude that thick films with high depletion charge densities will hardly feel the finite screening effects. The results are provided for (001) BaTiO3 films grown on (001) SrTiO3 substrates with pseudomorphic top and bottom metallic electrodes

A Model-Derivation Framework for Software Analysis

Model-based verification allows to express behavioral correctness conditions like the validity of execution states, boundaries of variables or timing at a high level of abstraction and affirm that they are satisfied by a software system. However, this requires expressive models which are difficult and cumbersome to create and maintain by hand. This paper presents a framework that automatically derives behavioral models from real-sized Java programs. Our framework builds on the EMF/ECore technology and provides a tool that creates an initial model from Java bytecode, as well as a series of transformations that simplify the model and eventually output a timed-automata model that can be processed by a model checker such as UPPAAL. The framework has the following properties: (1) consistency of models with software, (2) extensibility of the model derivation process, (3) scalability and (4) expressiveness of models. We report several case studies to validate how our framework satisfies these properties.Comment: In Proceedings MARS 2017, arXiv:1703.0581

Impact of size of the National Asset Funds on Economic Development: Panel Data Analysis on Select Nations

Abstract. National asset funds are introduced to use the current transaction surplus, except the official reserves, in the most effective way possible. It is possible to cite the sources of these funds as commodity and non-commodity sources. The initial practices have been seen in oil-rich Gulf countries as well as Asian nations which have been successful in export activities. There are different national asset funds in a number of countries in the world exhibiting different management styles. The primary goals include ensuring sustainable development, creating sources, conducting development projects and accumulating savings for future generations. In addition, they are also used to deal with possible economic crises. But these funds are being criticized because they are allegedly not transparent and they can be used as independent budget by governments. Currently, the impacts of these funds upon economic growth have been a matter of academic curiosity. The purpsose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the size of the national asset funds upon economic growth by reliance on a panel analysis of six nations employing asset funds. The findings in the analysis show that increase in the size of the national asset funds has a positive impact upon economic growth of the nations.Keywords. National asset fund, Economic growth, Panel data analysis.JEL. C10, C20, G23, O40