5 research outputs found
Limited knowledge of chronic kidney disease and its main risk factors among Iranian community: an appeal for promoting national public health education programs
Background:
The aim of this survey was to explore the baseline knowledge of the Iranian community about Chronic
Kidney Disease (CKD) definition and its two main risk factors, i.e. diabetes and hypertension. This study also introduced
a model of public education program with the purpose of reducing the incidence of CKD in high-risk groups and
thereby decreasing the economic burden of CKD in Iran.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on world kidney day 2013 in Isfahan, Iran. Self-administered
anonymous questionnaires evaluating the knowledge of CKD and its risk factors were distributed among subjects who
participated in a kidney disease awareness campaign. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to
examine the differences in the level of knowledge across different socio-demographic groups.
Results:
The questionnaires were completed by 748 respondents. The majority of these respondents believed that âpain
in the flanksâ and âdifficulty in urinationâ was the early symptoms of CKD. Roughly, 10.4% knew that CKD could be
asymptomatic in the initial stages. Only 12.7% knew diabetes and 14.4% knew hypertension was a CKD risk factor.
The respondents who had a CKD risk factor (i.e. diabetes and/or hypertension) were significantly more likely than
respondents without CKD risk factor to select âunmanaged diabetesâ [Odds Ratio (OR)= 2.2, Confidence Interval (CI)
(
95%)
: 1.4â3.6] and âunmanaged hypertensionâ [OR= 1.9, CI(
95%)
: 1.2â3.0] as âvery likely to result in CKDâ. No more
than 34.6% of all respondents with diabetes and/or hypertension reported that their physician has ever spoken with
them about their increased risk for developing CKD.
Conclusion:
The knowledge of Iranian population about CKD and its risk factors is low. Future public health education
programs should put efforts in educating Iranian community about the asymptomatic nature of CKD in its initial stages
and highlighting the importance of regular renal care counseling. The high-risk individuals should receive tailored
education and be encouraged to adopt lifestyle modifications to prevent or slow the progression of CK
Comparison of urinary citrate excretion between patients with nephrolithiasis and healthy volunteers
A case report of heterochronic presentation of a bilateral tubal pregnancy
Key Clinical Message This paper highlights that diagnosis and treatment of one ectopic pregnancy does not rule out the happening of a second ectopic pregnancy in the same patient concurrently, especially if the patient has rising βâhCG and persistent symptoms. Abstract Bilateral tubal pregnancy (BTP) is the most uncommon form of tubal ectopic pregnancy. Complications can lead to maternal morbidity and mortality. We reported a case of left tubal pregnancy and the patient underwent laparoscopic salpingostomy. During the followâup, the contralateral ectopic pregnancy was discovered and treated with MTX
Limited Knowledge of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Main Risk Factors among Iranian Community: An Appeal for Promoting National Public Health Education Programs
Background: The aim of this survey was to explore the baseline knowledge of the Iranian community about Chronic
Kidney Disease (CKD) definition and its two main risk factors, i.e. diabetes and hypertension. This study also introduced
a model of public education program with the purpose of reducing the incidence of CKD in high-risk groups and
thereby decreasing the economic burden of CKD in Iran.
Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted on world kidney day 2013 in Isfahan, Iran. Self-administered
anonymous questionnaires evaluating the knowledge of CKD and its risk factors were distributed among subjects who
participated in a kidney disease awareness campaign. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to
examine the differences in the level of knowledge across different socio-demographic groups.
Results:The questionnaires were completed by 748 respondents. The majority of these respondents believed that âpain
in the flanksâ and âdifficulty in urinationâ was the early symptoms of CKD. Roughly, 10.4% knew that CKD could be
asymptomatic in the initial stages. Only 12.7% knew diabetes and 14.4% knew hypertension was a CKD risk factor.
The respondents who had a CKD risk factor (i.e. diabetes and/or hypertension) were significantly more likely than
respondents without CKD risk factor to select âunmanaged diabetesâ [Odds Ratio (OR)= 2.2, Confidence Interval (CI)
(95%): 1.4â3.6] and âunmanaged hypertensionâ [OR= 1.9, CI(95%): 1.2â3.0] as âvery likely to result in CKDâ. No more
than 34.6% of all respondents with diabetes and/or hypertension reported that their physician has ever spoken with
them about their increased risk for developing CKD.
Conclusion:The knowledge of Iranian population about CKD and its risk factors is low. Future public health education
programs should put efforts in educating Iranian community about the asymptomatic nature of CKD in its initial stages
and highlighting the importance of regular renal care counseling. The high-risk individuals should receive tailored
education and be encouraged to adopt lifestyle modifications to prevent or slow the progression of CKD
Chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 in iranian children: Need for a school-based screening strategy: The caspian-iii study
Background: There is scarce epidemiological data on early and asymptomatic stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children, especially from developing countries. In this study, we investigated the frequency of CKD stages 3-5 among general students of Isfahan (a large province of Iran), and compared the findings with those derived from the main pediatric nephrology referral center of province.
Methods: This study was performed among 712 Isfahani school students (377 boys) aged 7-18 years, as part of the baseline survey of a national surveillance system. Blood samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and cystatin C. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated based on two 2009 Schwartz equations (the "updated" and the "new" equations). CKD was defined as GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 . Additionally, a retrospective analysis of clinical records of children with stages 3-5 CKD referred to main referral center of province from November 2001 to December 2011 was made.
Results: The mean age of students was 12.2 Π2.4 years. In studentsⲠscreening, the frequency of CKD was 1.3% and 1.7% based on the updated Schwartz and the new Schwartz equation, respectively. The referral center survey revealed an annual incidence of 14.5 per million age-related population (pmarp), and a prevalence of 118.8 pmarp in our province.
Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic and undetected low GFR in Iranian children is higher than what is reflected from the reports of referral centers. Simple screening programs like annual urinalysis among high-risk school students should be considered