Heart failure report

Despite advancements in diagnosis and pharmacotherapy, heart failure (HF) remains as a major health problem. The prevalence in the general population is estimated to range from 0.3% to 2.0%, increases considerably with age, and approximately doubles with every additional decade of life. In the last two decades, hospital admission rates for HF have increased steadily. The prevalence of HF can be estimated at 1–2% in the Western world and the incidence approaches 5–10/1000 persons/year. Estimates of the occurrence of HF in the developing world are largely absent. In a recent US population-based study, the prevalence of HF was 2.2% (95 confidence interval 1.6–2.8%), increasing from 0.7% in persons aged 45 through 54 years to 8.4% for those aged 75 years or older. In this article, we look at the major papers published in HF in the past 1 year

Global dynamics and parameter identifiability in a predator-prey interaction model

This paper discusses a predator-prey model with prey refuge. We investigate the role of prey refuge on the existence and stability of the positive equilibrium. The global asymptotic stability of positive interior equilibrium solution is established using suitable Lyapunov functional, which shows that the prey refuge has no influence on the permanence property of the system. Mathematically, we analyze the effect of increase or decrease of prey reserve on the equilibrium states of prey and predator species. To access the usability of proposed predator-prey model in practical scenarios, we also suggest, the use of Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) method for associated parameter estimation problem. Numerical results demonstrate faithful reconstruction of system dynamics by estimated parameter by LM method. The analytical results found in this paper are illustrated with the help of suitable numerical example

Oxygen releasing and antioxidant breathing cardiac patch delivering exosomes promotes heart repair after myocardial infarction

Constant oxygen supply is inevitable for cardiac tissue function and survival. Myocardial infarction (MI) leaves heart tissue in a state of oxygen deficiency, causing oxidative stress and irreversible death of cardiomyocytes. Although vital in treating MI, restoration of oxygen supply and attenuation of oxidative stress has not been successfully utilized as a therapeutic strategy. Herein, we developed and evaluated an oxygen releasing antioxidant nanofibrous bi-layered cardiac patch (PUAO-CPO-Collagen) supplemented with adipose derived stem cell exosomes (ADSC-EXO) to promote heart repair. Antioxidant polyurethane was synthesised and calcium peroxide (CPO) was incorporated as an oxygen releasing material. The bilayered cardiac patch consists of an oxygen releasing antioxidant polyurethane, electrospun over a porous collagen scaffold and supplemented with adipose derived stem cell exosomes. The patch demonstrated sustained release of oxygen and exosomes. Under in-vitro conditions, bilayered patch and ADSC exosomes illustrated proliferative, pro-angiogenic and pro-survival effect. In an in-vivo rat MI model, the bi-layered patch demonstrated enhanced cardiac function, reduced scar formation, significantly attenuating adverse cardiac remodelling through improved angiogenesis and decreased oxidative stress. Our study demonstrated an innovative and promising cell free biomaterial approach for delivering oxygen, promoting angiogenesis, and attenuating oxidative stress for enhanced heart regeneration after myocardial infarction