A Mini-Review: Comparison between curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin based on their activities

Curcumin, a natural ingredient present in turmeric rhizome is known for its various therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, NF-kB activation suppresser. The hydrogenated derivative of curcumin, i.e., tetrahydrocurcumin, is also found to reveal the same activities. Moreover, the pro-oxidant effect of curcumin is reported, whereas tetrahydrocurcumin does not show any pro-oxidant effects. This contrasting behaviour of the two is attributed to their structures, because conjugation is involved only in curcumin, not in the tetrahydrocurcumin. It can be evidently concluded that double bonds affect the keto-enol ratio of the molecules and are therefore responsible for the degradation of curcumin, whereas tetrahydrocurcumin remains stable. Nevertheless, these double bonds are liable to affect the kinetics of beneficial activities of curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin

An Application of Haar Wavelet Decomposition in Video Frames Preservation in Association with Visual Cryptography

Visual cryptography is one of the techniques used to encode the video by separating the original video. The proposed Visual cryptography gives the show to the users how encryption and decryption can be done to the video. Waveletchange are to provide characteristic of multiple declarationand worldwide decomposition that are the important features for thevideo compression application. The privacy and security becomes the most significant issues since the multimedia is transmitted openly over the network. A new adapted Haar Wavelet is used to encrypt the full video in an capable protected manner, after encryption the frame will decomposes and audio send final uncompressed video

Biodeterioration of ancient monuments: Problems and prospects

Fungal ability in production of pigments and organic acids have crucial role in discoloration and degradation of different types of stone in cultural heritage objects. Additionally, stone objects may support novel communities of microorganisms that are active in biodeterioration process. The air contains a large amount of biological and a biotic component such as, pollen grains, fungal spores, insects, mites, fibers and dust particles but their number and concentration depend upon the geographical location, types of vegetation and meteorological parameters. The problem of deterioration of ancient monuments caused by microbial agent, of which fungi play an important role in the deterioration. Present investigation focuses on mycobial survey of the Temple of Sirpur and study carried out March 2010 to February 2011. During the investigation period 18 fungal species were isolated from the surface of different ancient monuments of Sirpur which are Aspergillus, Penicillium, Curvularia, Cladosporium, Fusarium and Rhizopus reported as dominant fungal type in Laxman tample of Sirpur

The Clinical Features and Progression of Late-Onset Versus Younger-Onset in an Adult Cohort of Huntington's Disease Patients.

BACKGROUND: Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that typically manifests between the ages of 30 and 50 years. However, the disease can present at any age, and phenotypic differences between younger and later-onset patients have received limited attention. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical features of late- (>70 years of age) and younger-onset (<30 years of age) HD patients. METHODS: Patients presenting to our regional NHS HD clinic with new-onset manifest HD diagnosed over the age of 70 years (LoHD) (n = 18) were compared with a younger cohort who developed disease under the age of 30 years (YoHD) (n = 12). Rate of progression over time on standard cognitive and motor measures was compared. RESULTS: At first clinic presentation, both groups had the same total UHDRS scores. However, the LoHD group had higher chorea scores (F (1,28) = 6.52, p = 0.016), while the YoHD group had more dystonia (F (1,28) = 8.69, p = 0.006) and eye movement abnormalities (F (1,28) = 16.991, p < 0.001). The YoHD group also had a greater rate of motor progression, especially for bulbar measures (F (1, 28) = 6.96, p = 0.013) and bradykinesia (F (1, 28) = 7.99, p = 0.009). No differences were found in the rate of cognitive change (F (1,21) = 1.727, p = 0.203) nor functional capacity (F (1,28) = 1.388, p = 0.249) between the groups. CONCLUSION: Phenotypic differences between YoHD and LoHD patients were found in terms of initial presentation and rate of motor progression. This has implications for therapeutic trials involving HD patients of different ages, given their different clinical features and progression.SLM is funded by the Huntington’s Disease Association. RAB is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, 146281 (the views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care) and MRC/WT Stem Cell Institute 203151/Z/16/Z

Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles/Fibres in Alcoholic Medium using y-ray Technique

Nanoparticles of cobalt oxides were synthesised by steady state g irradiation technique using various alcoholic salt solutions of cobalt ions with aniline acting as a stabiliser. Preliminary results were investigated using UV-vis and Fourier transform infra red analysis. The X-ray diffractograms revealed major peaks at 2q values of ~ 36.4°, 39.1°, 44.2°, and 65.7° corresponding to the Co3O4 phase and one peak at ~30.7° (100 per cent intensity) for Co2O3 phase. Lower alcohols yielded particles while fibres were formed in higher alcohols as observed from transmission electron microscopic analysis. Iso-propanol was observed to yield cobalt oxide nanoparticles with highest stability, conversion yield and homogeneity in size. The average measured diameter and length of these fibres were ~29 nm and 130 nm respectively. Energy dispersive spectroscopy supports the formation of cobalt oxide. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic results for iso-propanol sample show a peak at 781.6 eV confirming the formation of Co3O4.Defence Science Journal, 2010, 60(5), pp.507-513, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.60.57

Resonance Line Polarization in Spherically Symmetric Moving Media: a Parametric Study

In the present paper we consider the problem of resonance line polarization formed in the spherically symmetric expanding atmospheres. For the solution of the concerned polarized transfer equation we use the comoving frame formulation, and apply the Accelerated Lambda Iteration (ALI) method. We restrict ourselves to the non-relativistic regime of velocities wherein mainly Doppler shift effects are significant. For our studies, we consider the scattering on a two-level atom, including the effects of partial frequency redistribution (PFR). We present the dependence of linearly polarized profiles on different atmospheric and atomic parameters.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of the 9th Solar Polarization Workshop SPW9, A workshop held in Gottingen, Germany, from August 26 to August 30, 201

Comparison of neuroimaging by CT and MRI and correlation with neurological presentation in eclampsia

Background: The objective of the study was to compare computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of eclampsia patients with respect to neurological signs and symptoms.Methods: This is a prospective observational study, 25 patients of eclampsia were studied, statistical analysis was done by Fishers’ exact and chi square test.Results: All patients in our study presented with antepartum or intrapartum eclampsia with neurological features ranging from headache, altered consciousness to coma. On neuroimaging by MR transiently high T2 signal intensity in the cerebral cortex and sub cortical white matter was seen, including edema. With MR angiography generalized vasospasm was also seen in 40% cases. MRI was found to be co-relating more than CT with the neurological presentation and had 90% sensitivity and 100% sensitivity.Conclusions: Symptoms like visual blurring, loss of vision and ophthalmological signs in eclampsia suggest occipital lobe involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in eclampsia correlate well with clinical findings as compared to CT and can be better imaging modality in eclampsia patients

The Role of the Community Health Delivery System in the Health and Well-Being of Justice-Involved Women: A Narrative Review

Background: Over seven million imprisoned and jailed women are released into the community each year and many are ill-equipped to meet the challenges of re-integration. Upon release into their community, women are faced with uncertain barriers and challenges using community services to improve their health and well-being and reuniting with families. Few studies have identified and described the barriers of the community health delivery system (CHDS)- a complex set of social, justice, and healthcare organizations that provide community services aimed to improve the health and well-being (i.e. safety, health, the success of integration, and life satisfaction) of justice-involved women. We conducted a narrative review of peer-reviewed and gray literature to identify and describe the CHDS and the CHDS service delivery. Results: Peer-reviewed and gray literature (n = 82) describing the CHDS organizations’ missions, incentives, goals, and services were coded in three domains, justice, social, and healthcare, to examine their service delivery to justice-involved women and their efforts to improve the health and well-being of justice-involved women. Conclusions: We found that the CHDS is fragmented, identified gaps in knowledge about the CHDS that serves justice-involved women, and offer recommendations to reduce fragmentation and integrate service delivery aimed to improve the health and well-being of justice-involved women

A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT DIABETES AND RISK OF HYPOGLYCEMIA WITH CONCURRENT USE OF NATURAL HERBS/HERBAL PRODUCTS

Objective: To determine the various misconceptions in diabetes mellitus and the factors leading to such misconceptions. To find out the association of various misconceptions with the socio-demographic factors. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 350 diabetic patients for a period of 6 mo. The study was done in diabetic clinics in the districts of Salem and Erode. Results: The study included a total of 350 patients, among which 206 (58.86%) were females and 144 (41.14%) were males. The majority of the study population was between the age group 61-70 (30.86%). The total misconception scores were low (0-34) in 144 (41.14%), moderate (35-69) in 180 (51.43%) and high (70-104) in 26 (7.43%). Out of 25 patients identified with hypoglycemia 2 patients (8%) had only drug-drug interaction. 10 patients (40%) with both DI and HDI were identified. Herb-drug interactions alone were identified in 13 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia (52%) indicating the risk of hypoglycemia with concurrent use of herbs along with diabetic medications. Conclusion: In this study carried out in a study population of 350 patients, the majority of the population, which contributes to about 94% had high to moderate knowledge about their condition of diabetes mellitus. The misconceptions about diabetes mellitus were high in 6.57% of the study population

Effect of nutrition on copper and zinc concentrations in human milk

Background: The gross composition of human milk is remarkably constant among women of varying nutritional status. Reliable information is now available on the content, and the principal factor affecting it, of most of the trace elements on human milk. However, for some of the trace elements, there is still a wide variation in reported values in the literature, which is due at least in part, to analytical difficulties. Hence this study was taken up to find out if maternal nutritional status influences the copper and zinc concentrations in colostrum of mother.Methods: Total of 100 mothers were enrolled in the study after obtaining prior informed consent. They were divided into 2 groups - group I had 50 malnourished mothers and group II had 50 well-nourished mothers. Sample digestion was attempted with different quantities of various acids. Analysis of digested colostrum was carried out for copper and zinc.Results: The mean levels of copper and zinc were slightly more among well-nourished than malnourished women. Values of copper were significantly higher in the colostrum of well-nourished as compared to that of the malnourished mothers.Conclusions: The parameters of weight, height weight/height ratio and hemoglobin varied significantly between the well-nourished and malnourished mothers. The difference in milk content of malnourished and well-nourished mothers is not significant for zinc. However, copper levels were significantly higher in well-nourished mothers