Beliefs Underlying Employee Readiness to Support a Building Relocation: A Theory of Planned Behavior Perspective

The purpose of this research was to examine the utility of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a framework for understanding employee readiness for change. One of the major advantages of the TPB approach is its ability to identify the underlying beliefs that distinguish between those who intend and do not intend to perform the behavior under investigation. In the present study, the extent to which a sample of local government employees intended to carry out activities during a 6-month period that were supportive of their organization's relocation to new premises was examined. An elicitation study (N = 18) determined salient beliefs relating to the relocation. For the main study, 149 participants completed a questionnaire that assessed their behavioral, normative, and control beliefs in regards to the change event. A series of MANOVAs revealed statistically significant differences between employees with moderate compared to high intentions to engage in changesupportive behaviors on a range of beliefs. Implications of these findings for designing change management strategies that help foster readiness for change are discussed

MANIPULATING IMPLEMENT WEIGHT DURING WARMUP TO IMPROVE SHOT PUT PERFORMANCE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate kinematics and kinetics of the shot put when participants warmup using standard, overweight, or underweight implements. Ten collegiate shot putters warmed up using regulation, heavy, or light implements then completed six maximal effort competition throws. Whole body kinematics and ground reaction forces were recorded on each throw. Consistent with the literature, throw distance was significantly further after warming up with the heavy implement (p = .002). However, there were no differences in critical kinematic factors or ground reaction forces between conditions. While using overweight implements during warmup improves shot put performance, the mechanism by which this occurs is not through altering the critical factors or forces produced during the throw

Antiangiogenic Activity and in Silico Cereblon Binding Analysis of Novel Thalidomide Analogs

Funding: This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (ZIA SC006538); in part with Federal funds from the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, under contract HHSN261200800001E; the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health; and a Wellcome Trust-NIH PhD Studentship to SB, WDF, and NV (Grant number 098252/Z/12/Z). Acknowledgments: The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Risk of death among people with rare autoimmune diseases compared with the general population in England during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives: To quantify the risk of death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the UK 2020 COVID-19 pandemic compared with the general population, and compared with their pre-COVID risk. Methods: We conducted a cohort study in Hospital Episode Statistics for England from 2003 onwards, and linked data from the NHS Personal Demographics Service. We used ONS published data for general population mortality rates. Results: We included 168 691 people with a recorded diagnosis of RAIRD alive on 1 March 2020. Their median age was 61.7 (IQR 41.5-75.4) years, and 118 379 (70.2%) were female. Our case ascertainment methods had a positive predictive value of 85%. A total of 1815 (1.1%) participants died during March and April 2020. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) among people with RAIRD (3669.3; 95% CI: 3500.4, 3838.1 per 100 000 person-years) was 1.44 (95% CI: 1.42, 1.45) times higher than the average ASMR during the same months of the previous 5 years, whereas in the general population of England it was 1.38 times higher. Age-specific mortality rates in people with RAIRD compared with the pre-COVID rates were higher from the age of 35 upwards, whereas in the general population the increased risk began from age 55 upwards. Women had a greater increase in mortality rates during COVID-19 compared with men. Conclusion: The risk of all-cause death is more prominently raised during COVID-19 among people with RAIRD than among the general population. We urgently need to quantify how much risk is due to COVID-19 infection and how much is due to disruption to health-care services

Validation of methods to identify people with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies using hospital episode statistics

ObjectiveHospital episode statistics (HES) are routinely recorded at every hospital admission within the National Health Service (NHS) in England. This study validates diagnostic ICD-10 codes within HES as a method of identifying cases of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs).MethodsAll inpatient admissions at one NHS Trust between 2010 and 2020 with relevant diagnostic ICD-10 codes were extracted from HES. Hospital databases were used to identify all outpatients with IIM, and electronic care records were reviewed to confirm coding accuracy. Total hospital admissions were calculated from NHS Digital reports. The sensitivity and specificity of each code and code combinations were calculated to develop an optimal algorithm. The optimal algorithm was tested in a sample of admissions at another NHS Trust.ResultsOf the 672 individuals identified by HES, 510 were confirmed to have IIM. Overall, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 76% and sensitivity 89%. Combination algorithms achieved PPVs between 89 and 94%. HES can also predict the presence of IIM-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) with a PPV of 79% and sensitivity of 71%. The optimal algorithm excluded children (except JDM code M33.0), combined M33.0, M33.1, M33.9, M36.0, G72.4, M60.8 and M33.2, and included M60.9 only if it occurred alongside an ILD code (J84.1, J84.9 or J99.1). This produced a PPV of 88.9% and sensitivity of 84.2%. Retesting this algorithm at another NHS Trust confirmed a high PPV (94.4%).ConclusionIIM ICD-10 code combinations in HES have high PPVs and sensitivities. Algorithms tested in this study could be applied across all NHS Trusts to enable robust and cost-effective whole-population research into the epidemiology of IIM

The incidence of Kawasaki disease using hospital admissions data for England 2006-2021

To describe the incidence of Kawasaki Disease (kDa) between 2006 and 2021 in England. We identified all cases in hospital episode statistics with an ICD-10 diagnostic code M303 (for kDa) between 1 April 2006 - 31 March 2021. We validated 83 diagnoses using hospital medical records and found >97% accuracy. We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) using Poisson regression and assessed the influence of age, sex, ethnicity, and index of multiple deprivation (IMD). We used Office for National Statistics population estimates for England as the denominator. We identified a total of 5908 cases of kDa in all children under the age of 16 (mean age 3.8, SD = 3.2, 95% CI: 3.7-3.9). Incidence in children aged <5 years was 8.9 (95% CI: 8.6-9.2)/100 000 person-years; in children aged 5-9, 2.4 (95% CI: 2.3-2.6)/100 000 person-years; and in children aged 10-15, 0.6 (95% CI: 0.6-0.7). Male: female ratio was 1.5:1. Incidence was higher among non-White than White ethnicities (adjusted IRR 2.1 (2.0-2.2) for Asian, 3.0 (2.8-3.3) for Black and 4.5 (4.2-4.8) for other ethnicities). The incidence increased with socioeconomic deprivation; the adjusted IRR of the least deprived IMD quintile compared with the most deprived quintile was 0.81 (0.77-0.84). Incidence rates of kDa derived from hospital admission data in England were higher than in studies relying on clinician reporting. We confirm previous findings on the influence of sex, and ethnicity on kDa incidence and observe that there was a higher incidence of kDa within more deprived socioeconomic groups

Extreme enrichment of Se, Te, PGE and Au in Cu sulfide microdroplets: evidence from LA-ICP-MS analysis of sulfides in the Skaergaard Intrusion, east Greenland

The Platinova Reef, in the Skaergaard Intrusion, east Greenland, is an example of a magmatic Cu–PGE–Au sulfide deposit formed in the latter stages of magmatic differentiation. As is characteristic with such deposits, it contains a low volume of sulfide, displays peak metal offsets and is Cu rich but Ni poor. However, even for such deposits, the Platinova Reef contains extremely low volumes of sulfide and the highest Pd and Au tenor sulfides of any magmatic ore deposit. Here, we present the first LA-ICP-MS analyses of sulfide microdroplets from the Platinova Reef, which show that they have the highest Se concentrations (up to 1200 ppm) and lowest S/Se ratios (190–700) of any known magmatic sulfide deposit and have significant Te enrichment. In addition, where sulfide volume increases, there is a change from high Pd-tenor microdroplets trapped in situ to larger, low tenor sulfides. The transition between these two sulfide regimes is marked by sharp peaks in Au, and then Te concentration, followed by a wider peak in Se, which gradually decreases with height. Mineralogical evidence implies that there is no significant post-magmatic hydrothermal S loss and that the metal profiles are essentially a function of magmatic processes. We propose that to generate these extreme precious and semimetal contents, the sulfides must have formed from an anomalously metal-rich package of magma, possibly formed via the dissolution of a previously PGE-enriched sulfide. Other processes such as kinetic diffusion may have also occurred alongside this to produce the ultra-high tenors. The characteristic metal offset pattern observed is largely controlled by partitioning effects, producing offset peaks in the order Pt+Pd>Au>Te>Se>Cu that are entirely consistent with published D values. This study confirms that extreme enrichment in sulfide droplets can occur in closed-system layered intrusions in situ, but this will characteristically form ore deposits that are so low in sulfide that they do not conform to conventional deposit models for Cu–Ni–PGE sulfides which require very high R factors, and settling of sulfide liquids