Saving our Species: Guidelines for estimating a evaluating species' response to management

Provides guidance to species' managers within the Saving our Species program on how to estimate a species’ response to management for the purpose of setting targets for adaptive management. These guidelines were developed through a series of end user workshops and are designed as a\ua0tool for using expert judgement in the absence of quantitative data. This is a acheived using a combination of conceptual modelling\ua0and a structured elicitiation protocol. This work was commissioned by the NSW Department on Planning Industry and the Environment (formerly Office of Environment and Heritage) and carried out in conjunction with the National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub

Emissions and Energy Impacts of the Inflation Reduction Act

If goals set under the Paris Agreement are met, the world may hold warming well below 2 C; however, parties are not on track to deliver these commitments, increasing focus on policy implementation to close the gap between ambition and action. Recently, the US government passed its most prominent piece of climate legislation to date, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA), designed to invest in a wide range of programs that, among other provisions, incentivize clean energy and carbon management, encourage electrification and efficiency measures, reduce methane emissions, promote domestic supply chains, and address environmental justice concerns. IRA's scope and complexity make modeling important to understand impacts on emissions and energy systems. We leverage results from nine independent, state-of-the-art models to examine potential implications of key IRA provisions, showing economy wide emissions reductions between 43-48% below 2005 by 2035

Mycobacterium tuberculosis releases an antacid that remodels phagosomes

International audienc

A protein methylation pathway in Chlamydomonas flagella is active during flagellar resorption

Author Posting. © American Society for Cell Biology, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Society for Cell Biology for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Molecular Biology of the Cell 19 (2008): 4319-4327, doi:10.1091/mbc.E08-05-0470.During intraflagellar transport (IFT), the regulation of motor proteins, the loading and unloading of cargo and the turnover of flagellar proteins all occur at the flagellar tip. To begin an analysis of the protein composition of the flagellar tip, we used difference gel electrophoresis to compare long versus short (i.e., regenerating) flagella. The concentration of tip proteins should be higher relative to that of tubulin (which is constant per unit length of the flagellum) in short compared with long flagella. One protein we have identified is the cobalamin-independent form of methionine synthase (MetE). Antibodies to MetE label flagella in a punctate pattern reminiscent of IFT particle staining, and immunoblot analysis reveals that the amount of MetE in flagella is low in full-length flagella, increased in regenerating flagella, and highest in resorbing flagella. Four methylated proteins have been identified in resorbing flagella, using antibodies specific for asymmetrically dimethylated arginine residues. These proteins are found almost exclusively in the axonemal fraction, and the methylated forms of these proteins are essentially absent in full-length and regenerating flagella. Because most cells resorb cilia/flagella before cell division, these data indicate a link between flagellar protein methylation and progression through the cell cycle.This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK071720 (R.D.S.) and National Science Foundation Grant MCB 0418877 (R.D.S.)

T cell autoreactivity directed toward CD1c itself rather than toward carried self lipids

The hallmark function of αβ T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) involves the highly specific co-recognition of a major histocompatibility complex molecule and its carried peptide. However, the molecular basis of the interactions of TCRs with the lipid antigen–presenting molecule CD1c is unknown. We identified frequent staining of human T cells with CD1c tetramers across numerous subjects. Whereas TCRs typically show high specificity for antigen, both tetramer binding and autoreactivity occurred with CD1c in complex with numerous, chemically diverse self lipids. Such extreme polyspecificity was attributable to binding of the TCR over the closed surface of CD1c, with the TCR covering the portal where lipids normally protrude. The TCR essentially failed to contact lipids because they were fully seated within CD1c. These data demonstrate the sequestration of lipids within CD1c as a mechanism of autoreactivity and point to small lipid size as a determinant of autoreactive T cell responses

Correction to: Cluster identification, selection, and description in Cluster randomized crossover trials: the PREP-IT trials

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article

The Impact of Maternal Education on Children’s Allocation Preferences across 13 Countries

The aim of this paper was to investigate if maternal education had a predictive effect for children’s allocation preferences across a variety of collectivistic and individualistic countries. It was predicted that maternal education would serve as a significant predictor such that as maternal education increases so will sharing to reflect an endorsement of merit, equity, and empathy. It was also predicted that certain patterns would emerge across 13 countries as they related to the varying levels of individualistic and collectivistic values in those countries. Of the thirteen countries studied, only three yielded significant results. It was found that in China and the United States, as maternal education increased, so did children’s preferences for giving more candies to an injured recipient based on empathetic concern. The opposite was observed in Canada. Limitations and implications are discussed