Relationship between Demographic and Internet Usage

The reason to conduct this research was to evaluate if there is any relationship between the Internet usage and demographic factors (age, income, education, gender, and income level) of the Internet users. Hypotheses regarding the association of Internet usage and different demographic factors were developed. Survey was carried out for the collection of data through questionnaire, which included some questions about the demographics of the respondents, and their usage of Internet. Non-probabilistic sampling was used. Sample size used in this research was 299. Outcomes of this research were anticipated to be helpful for the advertisers to understand the viewership of internet/web pages for the online advertisement. Hence, from the results of this research it was determined that no relationship exists between demographics (age, income, education, gender, and income level) and Internet usage. Keywords: Relationship, Demographics, Internet Usage, Non-probabilistic

Crime Forecasting System (An exploratory web-based approach)

With the continuous rise in crimes in some big cities of the world like Karachi and the increasing complexity of these crimes, the difficulties the law enforcing agencies are facing in tracking down and taking out culprits have increased manifold. To help cut back the crime rate, a Crime Forecasting System (CFS) can be used which uses historical information maintained by the local Police to help them predict crime patterns with the support of a huge and self-updating database. This system operates to prevent crime, helps in apprehending criminals, and to reduce disorder. This system is also vital in helping the law enforcers in forming a proactive approach by helping them in identifying early warning signs, take timely and necessary actions, and eventually help stop crime before it actually happens. It will also be beneficial in maintaining an up to date database of criminal suspects includes information on arrest records, communication with police department, associations with other known suspects, and membership in gangs/activist groups. After exploratory analysis of the online data acquired from the victims of these crimes, a broad picture of the scenario can be analyzed. The degree of vulnerability of an area at some particular moment can be highlighted by different colors aided by Google Maps. Some statistical diagrams have also been incorporated. The future of CFS can be seen as an information engine for the analysis, study and prediction of crimes

An empirical analysis of causal relationship between stock prices and real sector of the Pakistani economy

This paper determines the causal relationship between stock prices and the macroeconomic variables representing the real sector of the Pakistani economy. In order to substantiate the purpose annual data has been acquired from the websites of State Bank of Pakistan and Federal Bureau of Statistics, from the period of 1979 to 2013. Further to get the results Unit Root, Cointegration, Error correction model has been applied. Which indicate the presence of long term relation between stock prices and macroeconomic variables including gross domestic product (GDP), Consumption and Investment. Moreover, the result shows the existence of one-way causation between macroeconomic variables such as GDP, real consumption expenditure, and real investment expenditure. This one-way causation lead to the conclusion that the stock market of Pakistan is not developed to that extinct where it could influence GDP, real consumption expenditure, and real investment expenditure. Therefore, it is finally concluded that the stock market of Pakistan is not a leading indicator of any activity of economyVadybos katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Comparison of Key Economic Indicators of Pakistani Economy: Democratic Governments (FY89-FY99) with Military Regime (FY00-FY05)

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Impact of the work related stress and job burnout in private educational institutions and universities

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the impact of the work related stress and job burnout & low level of motivation, which resulted in low performance of a faculty member at Private Universities and educational institutions in Pakistan. A survey research was employed in order to carry out this research. For this purpose, 82 respondents were taken from the Private Universities and educational institutions in Karachi City. A quantitative research method was used and a multiple regression model has been applied for the results. Results indicate that there is a meaningful impact of Job Stress & Burnout, which leads to an employee’s low level of motivation and, finally, it turns into the low performance of Private Universities and educational institutions. Taken alone, Stress & Burnout is an independent factor, which makes the faculty member demoralized and depressed and, consequently, the overall performance of teacher would be hampered and, in result, the performance of the institution will also be dejected. Moreover, as it is further concluded, due to Stress & Burnout, the employee will be tuned out into the depressive mood and it will express itself in the form of a low motivation level, which will also hamper the faculty member’s performance at private institutions & Universities. It is recommended on the basis of the of this research results that there should be a congenial, conducive and independent working environment created, thus providing the conditions for the eradication of the unnecessary pressures burden. Moreover, the Government should take necessary steps in order to ensure the Job security and fringe benefits for a teacher in private institutions and universitiesVadybos katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta