Association of increased platelet distribution width and red cell distribution width with recurrent pregnancy loss

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses at or less than 20 weeks of gestation or with a fetal weight less than 500 grams. The aim was to compare platelet distribution width and red cell distribution width between pregnant women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss and pregnant women without a history of pregnancy loss.Methods: This was a prospective study to the evaluation of 70 pregnant women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss and 70 pregnant women without a history of pregnancy loss in the first trimester.Results: When compared pregnant women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss and 70 pregnant women without a history of pregnancy loss, the pregnant women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss had significantly higher platelet distribution width and red cell distribution width (p≤0.001 for both). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, BMI, Hemoglobin, TLC, hematocrit, platelecrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (p>0.05).Conclusions: An increased platelet distribution width and red cell distribution width with recurrent pregnancy loss

(White) Tyranny and the Democratic Value of Distrust

This paper makes an argument for the democratic value of distrust. It begins by analyzing distrust, since distrust is not merely the negation of trust. The account that it develops is based primarily on Martin Luther King Jr.’s work in Why We Can’t Wait. On this view, distrust is the confident belief that another individual or group of individuals or an institution will not act justly or as justice requires. It is a narrow normative account of distrust, since it concerns a specific normative task. Distinctions between vertical and horizontal distrust, as well as trust and agnostic trust are also discussed. This paper argues that distrust’s democratic value lies in its ability to secure democracy by protecting political minorities from having their voices ignored. As such, distrust can be viewed as a kind of Madisonian “check and balance” that works to prevent tyranny. Distrust also works to secure democracy by forging new or alternative forms of democratic participation. The main example discussed in this paper is King’s involvement in the Birmingham Campaign during the Black Civil Rights movement in America. In this case, King and his supporters’ distrust of fellow White citizens and political institutions led to alternative forms of political expression such as non-violent protests, boycotts, and other forms of civil disobedience, all of which led to greater racial justice by working to alleviate White tyranny

Simple Analysis of Sparse, Sign-Consistent JL

Allen-Zhu, Gelashvili, Micali, and Shavit construct a sparse, sign-consistent Johnson-Lindenstrauss distribution, and prove that this distribution yields an essentially optimal dimension for the correct choice of sparsity. However, their analysis of the upper bound on the dimension and sparsity requires a complicated combinatorial graph-based argument similar to Kane and Nelson\u27s analysis of sparse JL. We present a simple, combinatorics-free analysis of sparse, sign-consistent JL that yields the same dimension and sparsity upper bounds as the original analysis. Our analysis also yields dimension/sparsity tradeoffs, which were not previously known. As with previous proofs in this area, our analysis is based on applying Markov\u27s inequality to the pth moment of an error term that can be expressed as a quadratic form of Rademacher variables. Interestingly, we show that, unlike in previous work in the area, the traditionally used Hanson-Wright bound is not strong enough to yield our desired result. Indeed, although the Hanson-Wright bound is known to be optimal for gaussian degree-2 chaos, it was already shown to be suboptimal for Rademachers. Surprisingly, we are able to show a simple moment bound for quadratic forms of Rademachers that is sufficiently tight to achieve our desired result, which given the ubiquity of moment and tail bounds in theoretical computer science, is likely to be of broader interest

BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF VARIOUS METABOLITES IN CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS (LINN) SCHRAD

Citrullus colocynthis (Bitter apple) is a medicinally important plant. It is also known as colocynth. It belongs to family cucurbitaceae. In the present set of investigations, biochemical changes of various cellular metabolites/enzymes were observed from in vivo (leaf, stem, fruit and root) and in vitro (callus and differentiating callus) of Citrullus colocynthis. Total soluble sugar content was observed maximum in differentiating callus while minimum amount was observed in callus. Maximum amount of reducing sugar was observed in callus while minimum amount was observed in root sample. Starch was observed maximum in root while minimum amount was observed in callus. α-amylase activity was maximum in callus and minimum in root sample. More α-amylase activity could be correlated to less starch contents and vice-versa

Comparative study of neuroimaging features and clinical symptoms in patients with eclampsia

Background: Eclampsia is a life-threatening emergency that remains a major cause for feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of our study was to access various computed tomographic scan (CT) findings in eclampsia patients and compare neurological symptoms with radiological findings. Methods: A prospective analytical study was undertaken in department of obstetrics and gynecology, J. K. Lon hospital, Kota during the period of 2019-2020. Women who presented as eclampsia and admitted in indoor wards were included in the study. Data analyzed included various maternal and fetal parameters, CT scan findings and outcome of pregnancy. Results: The incidence of eclampsia was 1.1% of total deliveries. High risk factors associated with eclampsia were primigravida (70%), maternal age (70% in 21-25 years age group), illiteracy (64%), inadequate antenatal care (96%), early gestation (68%). On CT scan findings 52% patients had abnormal CT scan findings of which most common was cerebral edema (57.7%). Parieto-occipital lobe was most common region to be affected. Altered sensorium was found to be significantly associated with abnormal CT scan findings.Conclusions: Eclampsia is a major cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality.  CT scan in eclampsia have significant role in early diagnosis of patients with cerebral pathologies and these CT scan findings were associated with the level of consciousness and number of convulsive episodes.  Thus, CT scan helps in further management of these patients by multidisciplinary approach

Chiggerosis: an emerging disease

Scrub typhus is a zoonotic disease caused by orientia tsutsugamushi,is a very less known cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO). It was first observed in Japan where it was found to be transmitted by mites. The disease was called as tsutsugamushi (tsutsu means dangerous and mushi means insect or mite. This disease is endemic to a geographically distinct region, so called tsutsugamushi triangle, which includes northern Japan and eastern Russia in the North to northern Australia in the South and to Pakistan and Afghanistan in the West. Clinical picture consist of high grade fever, severe headache, myalgia, lymphadenopathy and maculopapular rash on the trunk and then on extremities. A necrotic eschar at the inoculating site of the mite is pathognomic of scrub typhus. Incubation period is 1-3 week. Patients may develop complication like interstitial pneumonia, meningoencephalitis and myocarditis. Diagnosis is often missed because clinical manifestations are similar with other febrile tropical infection.it is diagnosed clinically based on sign and symptoms, serologically molecular methods can be used for their rapid identification as well as for epidemiological purposes. However public health importance of this disease is underestimated because of difficulty in clinical diagnosis and lack of laboratory methods in many geographical areas. Drugs like chloromphenicol and tetracycline effectively treat scrub typhus. No vaccine is available for Scrub typhus but many vaccines using Sta47 and Sta56 antigens are under trial as a recombinant vaccine

A study of clinical and laboratory profile of dengue positive cases in hadoti region Rajasthan, India

 Background: Dengue fever is one of the most common arboviral mediated outbreaks reported with increased prevalence year after year with considerable morbidity and mortality in hadoti region. the aim to study various clinical and laboratory manifestations of Dengue fever admitted in MBS Hospital KOTA, with a diagnosis of Dengue fever according to WHO protocol from December 2018 to January 2020.Methods: Prospective observational study was undertaken among adult patients. 132 patients were studied and analysed. And diagnosis was confirmed with Dengue IgM ELISA test. Other routine investigations done were routine hematological and biochemical investigations.Results: A total of 132 cases, out of which 95 cases of Dengue Fever (DF), 34 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and 3 cases of Dengue Shock syndrome, out of which Male: Female ratio was 2.1. and mean age of presentation was 37. Fever and myalgia were the most common finding (100%) followed by arthralgia and headache. Pruritus was found in 21 cases (15.9%) which carried a significant difference between DF and DHF (p value 40 IU/L) was seen in 39 cases (29.54%.). Pleural effusion was seen in 4 cases (3%), of which 3 cases of DHF and 1 case of DSS. Ascites in 6 cases (4.8%), all cases belong to DHF. Gall bladder wall thickening was seen in 28 cases (21.21%) of which 20 cases (54.04%) were of DHF. Melena was the most common bleeding manifestation. Skin rash was found to be positive in 40.5% cases. Hess test was positive in 4 cases (10.8% of DHF).Conclusions: Incidence of dengue fever is on the rise in hadoti region and one of the most important differential diagnosis of patients presenting with fever during monsoon and post monsoon seasons

CHARACTERISTICS OF TEXTILE WASTE WATER OF BHILWARA (RAJASTHAN) AND ITS PHOTOCATALYTIC BLEACHING WITH SnO2 CATALYST

During the last decade, Bhilwara has developed into a leading place in the textile industry in India. The water used in textile industry is almost entirely discharged as waste. The effluents are very complex, containing salt, surfactants, ionic metals and their metal complexes, toxic organic chemicals, biocides, and toxic anions, which are harmful to both flora and fauna existing on our planet. Degradation of these non-biodegradable organic compounds is not possible by conventional treatment processes. The analysis of waste water with different quality parameters and photocatalytic bleaching was examined by using UV light in photochemical reactor with SnO2 catalyst