Computer simulation of field ion images of nanoporous structure in the irradiated materials

Computer simulation and interpretation of field ion microscopy images of ion irradiated platinum are discussed. Field ion microscopy technique provides direct precise atomic scale investigation of crystal lattice defects of atomically pure surface of material; at the same time it allows to analyze the structural defects in volume by controlled and sequential removal of surface atoms by electric field. Defects identification includes the following steps: at the first stage the type of crystalline structure and spatial orientation of crystallographic directions were determined. Thus, we obtain the data about exact position of all atoms of the given volume, i.e. the model image of an ideal crystal. At the second stage, the ion image was processed used the program to obtain the data about real arrangement of atoms of the investigated sample. At the third stage the program compares these two data sets, with a split-hair accuracy revealing a site of all defects in a material. Results of the quantitative analysis show that shape of nanopores are spherical or cylindrical, diameter on nanopores was varied from 1 to 5 run, their depth was fond to be from 1 to 9 nm. It was observed that nearly 40% of nanopores are concentrated in the subsurface layer 10 nm thick, the concentration of nanopores decreased linearly with the distance from the irradiated surface

An Extended Systems Approach to Change in Labor Relations during the Emergence of a New Economy

The emergence of a new pattern labor relations in a time of globalization and digitalization of an economy is a difficult and uncertain phenomenon, and therefore many researchers have expressed serious concern about the fate of labor and labor relations. This article explores how the forming of a network economy influences labor relations. It identifies the organizational foundations and principles of labor relations in the emerging new economy in Russia. It reviews the influence of cultural values on how networked labor relations are formed. The paper uses a multidisciplinary approach to the study of labor relations based on systems theories. The article promotes a new technique for understanding labor relations in an organization based on an extended systems approach, which provides an opportunity to assess the organizational principles of the system of labor relations, to build it in such a way that its different parts interact, respond to changes and send feedback signals, affecting the operation of the system. The paper discusses ways to solve problems in the field of social and labor relations on both organizational and theoretical levels