de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky massive photon gases in cosmology

We investigate the influence of massive photons on the evolution of the expanding universe. Two particular models for generalized electrodynamics are considered, namely de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics. We obtain the equation of state (EOS) $P=P(\varepsilon)$ for each case using dispersion relations derived from both theories. The EOS are inputted into the Friedmann equations of a homogeneous and isotropic space-time to determine the cosmic scale factor $a(t)$. It is shown that the photon non-null mass does not significantly alter the result $a\propto t^{1/2}$ valid for a massless photon gas; this is true either in de Broglie-Proca's case (where the photon mass $m$ is extremely small) or in Bopp-Podolsky theory (for which $m$ is extremely large).Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; v2 matches the published versio

Bopp-Podolsky black holes and the no-hair theorem

Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics is generalized to curved space-times. The equations of motion are written for the case of static spherically symmetric black holes and their exterior solutions are analyzed using Bekenstein's method. It is shown the solutions split-up into two parts, namely a non-homogeneous (asymptotically massless) regime and a homogeneous (asymptotically massive) sector which is null outside the event horizon. In addition, in the simplest approach to Bopp-Podolsky black holes, the non-homogeneous solutions are found to be Maxwell's solutions leading to a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. It is also demonstrated that the only exterior solution consistent with the weak and null energy conditions is the Maxwell's one. Thus, in light of energy conditions, it is concluded that only Maxwell modes propagate outside the horizon and, therefore, the no-hair theorem is satisfied in the case of Bopp-Podolsky fields in spherically symmetric space-times.Comment: 9 pages, updated to match published versio

Four-dimensional topological Einstein-Maxwell gravity

The complete on-shell action of topological Einstein-Maxwell gravity in four-dimensions is presented. It is shown explicitly how this theory for SU(2) holonomy manifolds arises from four-dimensional Euclidean N=2 supergravity. The twisted local BRST symmetries and twisted local Lorentz symmetries are given and the action and stress tensor are shown to be BRST-exact. A set of BRST-invariant topological operators is given. The vector and antisymmetric tensor twisted supersymmetries and their algebra are also found.Comment: Published version. Expanded discussion of new results in the introduction and some clarifying remarks added in later sections. 22 pages, uses phyzz

Cultivo orgânico de figueira.

bitstream/item/44207/1/figueira.pd

How can one probe Podolsky Electrodynamics?

We investigate the possibility of detecting the Podolsky generalized electrodynamics constant $a$. First we analyze an ion interferometry apparatus proposed by B. Neyenhuis, et al (Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, (2007) 200401) who looked for deviations from Coulomb's inverse-square law in the context of Proca model. Our results show that this experiment has not enough precision for measurements of $a$. In order to set up bounds for $a$ we investigate the influence of Podolsky's electrostatic potential on the ground state of the Hydrogen atom. The value of the ground state energy of the Hydrogen atom requires Podolsky's constant to be smaller than 5.6 fm, or in energy scales larger than 35.51 MeV.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

Aspects of U-duality in BLG models with Lorentzian metric 3-algebras

In our previous paper, it was shown that BLG model based on a Lorentzian metric 3-algebra gives Dp-brane action whose worldvolume is compactified on torus T^d (d=p-2). Here the 3-algebra was a generalized one with d+1 pairs of Lorentzian metric generators and expressed in terms of a loop algebra with central extensions. In this paper, we derive the precise relation between the coupling constant of the super Yang-Mills, the moduli of T^d and some R-R flux with VEV's of ghost fields associated with Lorentzian metric generators. In particular, for d=1, we derive the Yang-Mills action with theta term and show that SL(2,Z) Montonen-Olive duality is realized as the rotation of two VEV's. Furthermore, some moduli parameters such as NS-NS 2-form flux are identified as the deformation parameters of the 3-algebras. By combining them, we recover most of the moduli parameters which are required by U-duality symmetry.Comment: 27 pages, v2: minor correction