Unraveling the Biochemical Strength of Gut Bacteria in Monopterus Cuchia

The swamp eel, Monopterus cuchia, is a commercially important farmed fish in northeast India due to its medicinal and nutritional properties. The gut microbiota dysbiosis and homeostasis have been associated with the pathogenesis of swamp eel disease and food digestion. The gut microbiome in fish contributes to its growth and health by producing bio-compounds with nutritional functions. The objective of the present study was to find out the bioactivity of these gut bacteria with the help of various biochemical and morphological parameters. This study indicates that bacteria associated with M. cuchia have strong biochemical properties consistent with disease resistance. It requires further investigation of these bacteria up to the species level

EXPLORING FISH MISCELLANY FROM BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT REGION OF NORTHEAST INDIA THROUGH CHROMOSOME PROFILING

Sjeveroistočne države Indije obiluju ekstenzivnim ekoklimatskim uvjetima te sadrže veliki dio indijske endemske flore i faune. Ova regija obiluje ribljom raznolikošću s mnoštvom vrsta akvarijskih riba, uključujući zebricu. Među potencijalnim ukrasnim ribama, Ctenops nobilis označena je kao gotovo ugrožena, a Danio dangila uključena je na popis najmanje zabrinutosti IUCN-a. Ovdje je poduzeto citogenetsko profiliranje kako bi se osigurali komplementarni podaci za preciznu identifikaciju vrsta i proučavanje genetskog nasljeđa, organizacije genoma i evolucije vrste. Citogenetskim analizama utvrđen je diploidni broj kromosoma 44 i 50 s formulom kariotipa 8m+20sm+10st+6t (FN=72) odnosno 20m+24sm+6st (FN=94) u C. nobilis i D. dangila. Bojanje nukleolarnih regija otkrilo je prisutnost Ag-NORs, CMA3 mjesta i signala gena 18S rDNA na jednom paru subtelocentričnog kromosoma i jednom paru submetacentričnog kromosoma u C. nobilis i D. dangila. Ovi biomarkeri važan su izvor za molekularnu taksonomiju, evolucijske/filogenetske studije i genetiku očuvanja C. nobilis i D. dangila.North Eastern states of India are blessed with extensive ecoclimatic conditions and much of India’s endemic flora and fauna. This region is rich in fish diversity with plenty of species of ornamental importance, including model species zebrafish. Among the potential ornamental fishes, Ctenops nobilis is designated as Near Threatened and Danio dangila is included in the Least Concern list by IUCN. Cytogenetic profiling was undertaken here to provide complementary data for precise species identification and to study genetic inheritance, genome organization and evolution of the species. The cytogenetic analyses revealed diploid chromosome numbers 44 and 50 with karyotype formula 8m+20sm+10st+6t (FN=72) and 20m+24sm+6st (FN=94), respectively, in C. nobilis and D. dangila. The staining of nucleolar organizer regions revealed the presence of Ag-NORs, CMA3 sites and 18S rDNA probe signals on one pair sub-telocentric chromosome and one pair sub-metacentric chromosome in C. nobilis and D. dangila, respectively. These biomarkers are an important resource for molecular taxonomy, evolutionary/phylogenetic studies and conservation genetics of C. nobilis and D. dangila