Long-Term Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Criteria Air Pollutants Concentration Trends in the Lower Rio Grande Valley Region of Texas, USA

Air pollution is a substantial environmental challenge all over the world. This study investigated the long-term air pollution levels in the Lower Rio Grande Valley region, by utilizing data collected from five continuous ambient monitoring stations in two counties over 23 years, from January 2000 to December 2022, to analyze daily, monthly, and seasonal variations of different pollutants, including ground-level ozone, particulate matter, and carbon monoxide. This study also identified distinct daily and seasonal patterns for O3, PM2.5, PM10, and CO at each monitoring site, influenced by factors such as traffic emissions, temperature, solar radiation, indoor heating, and weather conditions. Finally, this study explored the long-term patterns in annual pollutant concentrations to understand the impact of urbanization and community development on air quality. This finding is essential for policymakers to develop effective air quality management strategies to minimize pollution levels and their adverse effects on human health and the ecosystem

The Concept of Corporate Governance and Its Evolution in Asia

Corporate governance is one of the most imperative research topics all over the world for its contribution to the corporations and the global economy. Besides, Asian economy is currently the major contributor of the world economy. Laws and regulations in the Asian region have been enacted extensively and different standards have been developed during the last decade. This descriptive study attempts to summarize these developments in Asia along with the discussion of core concept of corporate governance for the new researchers in this field and other concern parties. Keywords: Corporate Governance, Evolution, Asi

DRUG UTILIZATION BASED ADRS MONITORING OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS PRESCRIBED IN AL-QUWAYIYAH GENERAL HOSPITAL, SAUDI ARABIA

Objective: To monitor drug utilization based adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of antihypertensive agents prescribed in Al-Quwayiyah general hospital, Saudi Arabia.Methods: An open, non-comparative, observational study was conducted on hypertensive patients attending the medicine outpatient department of Al-Quwayyah general hospital, Al-Quwayyah, Saudi arabia. Data were collected by conducting patient interviews. Data were captured for adverse drug reaction monitoring based on Narinjo scale and WHO format.Results: 25 ADRs were observed out of 212 hypertensive patients. Incidence was found to be higher in patients more than 40 y age, and females experienced more ADRs (n = 16, 7.54%) than males, 9 (4.62%). Combination therapy was associated with more number of ADRs (64.0%) as against monotherapy (36.0%). Calcium channel blockers were found to be the most frequently associated drugs with ADRs (n = 8), followed by diuretics (n = 6), and β-blockers (n = 5). Among individual drugs, amlodipine was found to be the commonest drug associated with ADRs (n = 8), followed by torasemide (n = 4). ADRs associated with the central nervous system was found to be the most frequent (48.0%) followed by musculoskeletal complaints (20.0%) and respiratory system disorders (16.0%).Conclusion: ADRs were experienced by taking the antihypertensive drugs prescribed in Al-Quwayyah general hospital, Saudi arabia. The findings would be useful for physicians in rational prescribing. Calcium channel blockers were found to be the most frequently associated drugs with ADRs

Reduction in use of herbicides by combining aqueous extract of grass pea for weed management and yield of wheat

Nowadays, the increasing costs in the agricultural sector, increasing public concern about the widespread use of herbicides and the development non-chemical methods of weed control programs are alerting management. In this regard, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of grass pea residues on weed management and crop performance of wheat. The experiment was comprised of three varieties of wheat viz., BARI Gom-30, BARI Gom-31, BARI Gom-32 and six different levels of treatments such as no weeding, recommended dose of herbicide, aqueous extraction of grass pea, 90% recommended dose + aqueous extraction of grass pea,80% recommended dose + aqueous extraction of grass pea, 70% recommended dose +aqueous extraction of grass pea, 60% recommended dose + aqueous extraction of grass pea. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Weed population, weed dry weight and weed control efficacy were significantly influenced by aqueous extract of grass pea crop residues and varieties. The highest numbers of tillers hill-1, numbers of grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight and grain yield were observed where recommended dose of herbicide was used followed by the application of 90% recommended dose +aqueous extraction of grass pea. BARI Gom-31along with 90% recommended dose +aqueous extraction of grass pea produced the highest grain and straw yield among the treatment combination. Therefore, aqueous extract of grass pea crop residues might be used as an alternative way for weed management in effective and sustainable crop production

current trends, problems and prospects

Thesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2009masterpublishedby Md. Salahuddin Ahmed

EFFECT OF SEEDLING AGE ON GROWTH & YIELD OF BINA DHAN 6

An experiment was conducted at Rangpur, Bangladesh during November 2015 to July 2016 to study the effect of seedling ages on the growth & yield of BINA dhan 6. Seedlings of different ages, viz 25, 35, 45, 55 & 65 days old were transplanted on the same day. Result revealed that plant height, number of leaves hill-1, total dry matter (TDM) hill-1, leaf area index (LAI), number of total tillers, number fertile tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1, 1000 grain weight, grain & straw yield was affected significantly due to different ages of seedlings. The result also showed that number of tillers hill-1, number of leaves hill-1, & leaf area index increased for all seedling ages up to 75 days after transplanting (DAT) and decreased gradually thereafter. The highest number of tillers hill-1, leaves hill-1 and leaf area index, the highest amount of stem, leaf, root and total dry matter and CGR were obtained from 35days old seedlings at all sampling dates. The highest number of effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, number of grains panicle-1, grain yield (6.96 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.75 t ha-1) were also achieved by 35 days old seedlings at harvest. Thirty-five days old seedlings were found to be superior to other ages of seedlings in term of growth and grain yield

Keynote: The Small World of Material Handling Rearch

Keynote Addres

The Small World of Material Handling Research

Using data from 88 journals over an 8 year period, we investigate the relationships among researchers in material handling. We apply social network analysis to measure many attributes of the network, including papers published each year, papers published per author, number of collaborators per author, strength of collaboration between authors, and how influential an author is in the network. We observe that collaboration patterns in material handling follow a scale-free structure in the presence of some hub-like researchers. According to social network theory, these hub researchers facilitate rapid dissemination of knowledge in the network. We conclude that the scientific community in material handling indeed forms a “small world,” yet the level of connectedness is lower than in other scientific networks. We hope these findings will inspire new and increasing levels of collaboration in the discipline

DRUG UTILIZATION BASED ADRs DETECTION OF ANTIBIOTICS PRESCRIBED FOR LRTI IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL, NEW DELHI

Objective: Aim of to present study was to assess drug utilization pattern of antibiotics use in Lower respiratory tract infection and their adverse drug reaction assessment.Methods: The present study was an observational and prospective study. 110 patients fulfill the inclusion criteria were included in study. Physician prescription records, patient's medication profile types of antibiotics prescribed were recorded and analyzed.Results: Out of 110 LRTI patients, 74 (67.27%) patients were male and 36(32.72%) patients were female. 72 patients were suffered from bronchitis while 38 patients were suffering from pneumonia. 30 patients were in the age range of 56-65 y, followed by 21 patients who were in the age range of 66-75 y. It has been observed that among all the prescribed antibiotic agent's frequency of β-lactam 199(45.53%), quinolones115 (26.27%), macrolides 53(12.12%) chloramphenicol44 (10.06%) sulphonamide 17 (3.89%) and aminoglycosides 9(2.05%) were prescribed to all the patients. Average 3.97 antibiotic agents were prescribed to all the patients. Majority of drugs were given by oral route (68.19%) and Prescriptions are mainly ordered in brand names. The most frequent co-morbid condition was found to be diabetes mellitus (25.45%) followed by hypertension (16.36%) and coronary artery disease (11.81%).45.45%. Only 23 ADRs were detected in 110 patients. The most common culprit was an amoxicillin with clavulanic acid.Conclusion: The present study provides an overall pattern of antibiotic usage in different patients. The area of concern in the present study is polypharmacy and use of antibiotics in LRTI without following any guideline. ADRs monitoring is also required to prevent noxious effects of drugs by the use of antibiotics