Augmented reality marker-based technology for augmenting newspaper advertisement

In this research, we describe an augmented reality android-based idea in which we utilize augmented reality marker-based technology for augmenting newspaper advertisement with electronic information that does not modify the format of the newspaper document and remains exactly the same, substantially improves the utility of paper by reducing the portion of the printed Ad on the newspaper. An implementation on a camera phone is discussed that lets users retrieve data and access links from newspaper advertisements to electronic data. We carefully examined over twenty people of different ages and occupations who participated in the newspaper-based AR and we got a significant overall response. Further analysis implies that this may assist students in understanding the complex 3D objects, which they can manipulate, learn tasks and improve skills

Kinematic Analysis of a Clamp-Type Picking Device for an Automatic Pepper Transplanter

Pepper is one of the most vital agricultural products with high economic value, and pepper production needs to satisfy the growing worldwide population by introducing automatic seedling transplantation techniques. Optimal design and dimensioning of picking device components for an automatic pepper transplanter are crucial for efficient and effective seedling transplantation. Therefore, kinematic analysis, virtual model simulation, and validation testing of a prototype were conducted to propose a best-suited dimension for a clamp-type picking device. The proposed picking device mainly consisted of a manipulator with five grippers and a picking stand. To analyze the influence of design variables through kinematic analysis, 250- to 500-mm length combinations were considered to meet the trajectory requirements and suit the picking workspace. Virtual model simulation and high-speed photography tests were conducted to obtain the kinematic characteristics of the picking device. According to the kinematic analysis, a 350-mm picking stand and a 380-mm manipulator were selected within the range of the considered combinations. The maximum velocity and acceleration of the grippers were recorded as 1.1, 2.2 m/s and 1.3, 23.7 m/s2, along the x- and y-axes, respectively, for 30 to 90 rpm operating conditions. A suitable picking device dimension was identified and validated based on the suitability of the picking device working trajectory, velocity, and acceleration of the grippers, and no significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) occurred between the simulation and validation tests. This study indicated that the picking device under development would increase the pepper seedling picking accuracy and motion safety by reducing the operational time, gripper velocity, acceleration, and mechanical damage

Human identification based on color stimuli

Human identification by using Electroencephalogram is becoming promising field and reliable to improve security systems. It is difficult to acquire EEG at a certain mental condition always such as concentration or relaxation. This paper represents a simple model to identify individuals and finding most effective primary color by using features of EEG by means of color stimuli. A comparison between primary and secondary colors for identification has also been made. Standard additive primary colors blue, green, red and one secondary color yellow were selected for experiment. Four neural networks were built by extracting various features of EEG in the domain of time and frequency. All artificial neural networks showed satisfactory performance with minimum mean square error for identification. Among the four selected colors blue color based ANN showed minimum mean square error of 6.238×10-08.</p

Geothermal power generation possibility and geothermal sites in Bangladesh: A review

Free to read on publisher website Being a developing country, Bangladesh has to meet the huge energy demand for her massive population giving only 63% of total population the access to electricity. Due to her limited non-renewable energy resources like coal, oil, and others, she need to face the challenge looking forward to the scope for the renewable energy resources where Geothermal energy can be a good choice. According to the geographical position of Bangladesh, the north-western part has some potential sites for installation of geothermal power plants. Most of the analysis shows that the large geothermal gradient makes the regions like Barakupuria of Dinajpur district and Thakurgaon of Rangpur division the most favorable place for extracting geothermal power. The Singra sub district of Bogra region is also favorable and the other parts are scattered in different parts of Bangladesh like Shitakund, Sylhet, Mymensingh, Panba, and Faridpur. Herewith, it is suggested in this paper that to meet the huge energy demand predicted by BPDB, it is high time for Bangladesh to look forward to install geothermal power plants to meet the huge energy demand for the upcoming days

Corrigendum to “Augmented reality marker-based technology for augmenting newspaper advertisement"

Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2021, 13, 13–18. https://doi.org/10.25081/rrst.2021.13.7005One of the authors’ (Md. Imdadul Hoque3) affiliations was mentioned incorrectly. It should be read as follows: 3Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science andTechnology University, Noakhali – 3814, Banglades

Depression and anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional survey

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among Bangladeshi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also aimed at identifying the determinants of depression and anxiety. A total of 476 university students living in Bangladesh participated in this cross-sectional web-based survey. A standardized e-questionnaire was generated using the Google Form, and the link was shared through social media—Facebook. The information was analyzed in three consecutive levels, such as univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Students were experiencing heightened depression and anxiety. Around 15% of the students reportedly had moderately severe depression, whereas 18.1% were severely suffering from anxiety. The binary logistic regression suggests that older students have greater depression (OR = 2.886, 95% CI = 0.961–8.669). It is also evident that students who provided private tuition in the pre-pandemic period had depression (OR = 1.199, 95% CI = 0.736–1.952). It is expected that both the government and universities could work together to fix the academic delays and financial problems to reduce depression and anxiety among university students

Working Speed Analysis of the Gear-Driven Dibbling Mechanism of a 2.6 kW Walking-Type Automatic Pepper Transplanter

The development of an automatic walking-type pepper transplanter could be effective in improving the mechanization rate in pepper cultivation, where the dibbling mechanism plays a vital role and determines planting performance and efficiency. The objective of this research was to determine a suitable working speed for a gear-driven dibbling mechanism appropriate for a pepper transplanter, while considering agronomic transplanting requirements. The proposed dibbling mechanism consisted of two dibbling hoppers that simultaneously collected free-falling seedlings from the supply mechanism and dibbled them into soil. To enable the smooth collection and plantation of pepper seedlings, analysis was carried out via a mathematical working trajectory model of the dibbling mechanism, virtual prototype simulation, and validation tests, using a physical prototype. In the mathematical model analysis and simulation, a 300 mm/s forward speed of the transplanter and a 60 rpm rotational speed of the dibbling mechanism were preferable in terms of seedling uprightness and low mulch film damage. During the field test, transplanting was conducted at a 40 mm planting depth, using different forward speed levels. Seedlings were freely supplied to the hopper from a distance of 80 mm, and the success rate for deposition was 96.79%. A forward speed of 300 mm/s with transplanting speed of 120 seedlings/min was preferable in terms of achieving a high degree of seedling uprightness (90 &plusmn; 3.26), a low rate of misplanting (8.19%), a low damage area on mulch film (2341.95 &plusmn; 2.89 mm2), high uniformity of planting depth (39.74 &plusmn; 0.48 mm), and low power consumption (40.91 &plusmn; 0.97 W)

Analysis of the Drinking Behavior of Beef Cattle Using Computer Vision

Monitoring the drinking behavior of animals can provide important information for livestock farming, including the health and well-being of the animals. Measuring drinking time is labor-demanding and, thus, it is still a challenge in most livestock production systems. Computer vision technology using a low-cost camera system can be useful in overcoming this issue. The aim of this research was to develop a computer vision system for monitoring beef cattle drinking behavior. A data acquisition system, including an RGB camera and an ultrasonic sensor, was developed to record beef cattle drinking actions. We developed an algorithm for tracking the beef cattle’s key body parts, such as head–ear–neck position, using a state-of-the-art deep learning architecture DeepLabCut. The extracted key points were analyzed using a long short-term memory (LSTM) model to classify drinking and non-drinking periods. A total of 70 videos were used to train and test the model and 8 videos were used for validation purposes. During the testing, the model achieved 97.35% accuracy. The results of this study will guide us to meet immediate needs and expand farmers’ capability in monitoring animal health and well-being by identifying drinking behavior

Effects of Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Growth and Glucosinolate Content of Kale Grown in a Plant Factory

The growth of plants and their glucosinolate content largely depend on the cultivation environment; however, there are limited reports on the optimization of ambient environmental factors for kale grown in plant factories. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, relative humidity, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration on kale growth and glucosinolate content in different growth stages of cultivation in a plant factory. Kale was grown under different temperatures (14, 17, 20, 23, and 26 °C), relative humidities (45, 55, 65, 75, and 85%), and CO2 concentrations (400, 700, 1000, 1300, and 1600 ppm) in a plant factory. Two and four weeks after transplantation, leaf samples were collected to evaluate the physical growth and glucosinolate contents. The statistical significance of the treatment effects was determined by two-way analysis of variance, and Duncan’s multiple range test was used to compare the means. A correlation matrix was constructed to show possible linear trends among the dependent variables. The observed optimal temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 range for growth (20–23 °C, 85%, and 700–1000 ppm) and total glucosinolate content (14–17 °C, 55–75%, and 1300–1600 ppm) were different. Furthermore, the glucosinolate content in kale decreased with the increase of temperature and relative humidity levels, and increased with the increase of CO2 concentration. Most of the physical growth variables showed strong positive correlations with each other but negative correlations with glucosinolate components. The findings of this study could be used by growers to maintain optimum environmental conditions for the better growth and production of glucosinolate-rich kale leaves in protected cultivation facilities

Stress and Fatigue Analysis of Picking Device Gears for a 2.6 kW Automatic Pepper Transplanter

A seedling picking device is an essential component for an automatic transplanter to automatically convey the seedling to the dibbling part. It is necessary to find the appropriate material and dimensions for the picking device gears to avoid mechanical damage and increase their durability. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to analyze the stress of a picking device gear mechanism in order to select suitable materials and dimensions, and to predict the fatigue life by considering the damage level. The picking device gear shaft divided the input power into two categories, i.e., crank and cam gear sets. Finite element analysis simulation and American Gear Manufacturers Association standard stress analysis theory tests were conducted on both of the crank and cam gear sets for different materials and dimensions. A test bench was fabricated to collect the load (torque) data at different gear operating speeds. The torque data were analyzed using the load duration distribution method to observe the cyclic load patterns. The Palmgren–Miner cumulative damage rule was used to determine the damage level of the picking mechanism gears with respect to the operating speed. The desired lifespan of the transplanter was 255 h to meet the real field service life requirement. Predicted fatigue life range of the picking mechanism gears was recorded as from 436.65 to 4635.97 h, making it higher (by approximately 2 to 18 times) than the lifespan of the transplanter. According to the analyses, the “Steel Composite Material 420H carbon steel” material with a 5 mm face width gear was suitable to operate the picking device for a 10-year transplanter service life. The analysis of stress and fatigue presented in this study will guide the design of picking device gears with effective material properties to maintain the recommended service life of the pepper transplanter