33 research outputs found
Vapor phase growth of group 3, 4, and 5 compounds by HCl transport of elements
Technique has been devised for vapor-phase epitaxial growth of group 3, 4, and 5 binary, ternary, or quaternary compounds by HCl transport of the constituent elements or dopants. Technique uses all the constituents of the alloy system in their elemental form. Transport of these elements by an HCl + H2 carrier gas facilitates their transport as subchlorides
Current Status of Therapy in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
The obesity epidemic has now spread worldwide. With increase in weight, there is
an increase in dysregulated energy metabolism ultimately leading to dysfunction
of multiple organ systems recognized as the metabolic syndrome. Nonalcoholic
fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease
worldwide, and is thought to be the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome.
It is a nondiscriminating disease affecting both children and adults and no
socioeconomic class is spared. There is a well-defined increase in both
liver-related and all-cause mortality. Current projections foresee a continued
worsening in prevalence, especially with the increased rate of childhood
obesity. Prevention would be the ultimate goal, but with continued trends in
obesity, therapeutic options are needed to manage this chronic liver disease and
prevent its complications of cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma.
Therapies will need to be affordable, tolerable, and safe to be useful on such a
large scale. This article will discuss some of the basic understanding of NAFLD,
as well as review the currently tested therapies, some novel therapies, and
potential future therapeutic options
Elemental 2-D mapping and changes in leaf iron and chlorophyll in response to iron re-supply in iron-deficient GF 677 peach-almond hybrid
Formation of Crystalline ZnâAl Layered Double Hydroxide Precipitates on Îł-Alumina: The Role of Mineral Dissolution
Fate of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Coated onto Macronutrient Fertilizers in an Alkaline Calcareous Soil
Method for Obtaining Silver Nanoparticle Concentrations within a Porous Medium via Synchrotron X-ray Computed Microtomography
Assistive and Educational Technology Standards and Teacher Competencies in Relation to Evidence-Based Practice: Identification and Classification of the Literature
The federal No Child Left Behind Act mandates the application of the principles of evidence-based practice (EBP) in U.S. education. The purpose of this study was to identify available assistive technology (AT) and educational technology (ET) literature that relates to standards and teacher competencies, and to categorize that literature in relation to Sweeney\u27s (1999) definition of standards and Davies\u27 (1999) EBP hierarchy. Literature was identified through subject index searching, browsing, footnote chasing, and consultation. Content analysis was conducted on 110 documents from years 1995â2009 that met inclusion criteria. The majority of literature is based upon expert opinion evidence, which is not highly rigorous. The most rigorous evidence identified came from survey and correlation descriptive studies; a complete lack of experimental evidence was noted. AT and ET are in the beginning stages of implementing EBP in the area of teacher standards and competencies. Advancing AT and ET practice through evidence is critical for moving the field forward scientifically and for ensuring accountability
Delimiting soil chemistry thresholds for nickel hyperaccumulator plants in Sabah (Malaysia)
Nickel hyperaccumulator plants have been the focus of considerable research because of their unique ecophysiological characteristics that can be exploited in phytomining technology. Comparatively little research has focussed on the soil chemistry of tropical nickel hyperaccumulator plants to date. This study aimed to elucidate whether the soil chemistry associated with nickel hyperaccumulator plants has distinctive characteristics that could be indicative of specific edaphic requirements. The soil chemistry associated with 18 different nickel hyperaccumulator plant species occurring in Sabah (Malaysia) was compared with local ultramafic soils where nickel hyperaccumulator plants were absent. The results showed that nickel hyperaccumulators in the study area were restricted to circum-neutral soils with relatively high phytoavailable calcium, magnesium and nickel concentrations. There appeared to be a âthreshold responseâ for the presence of nickel hyperaccumulator plants at >20 ÎŒg gâ1 carboxylic-extractable nickel or >630 ÎŒg gâ1 total nickel, and >pH 6.3 thereby delimiting their edaphic range. Two (not mutually exclusive) hypotheses were proposed to explain nickel hyperaccumulation on these soils: (1) hyperaccumulators excrete large amounts of root exudates thereby increasing nickel phytoavailability through intense rhizosphere mineral weathering; and (2) hyperaccumulators have extremely high nickel uptake efficiency thereby severely depleting nickel and stimulating re-supply of Ni from diffusion from labile Ni pools. It was concluded that since there was an association with soils with highly labile nickel pools, the available evidence primarily supports hypothesis (2