Some Practical Methods of Teaching Fifth Grade Arithmetic

Recently books have been published along with a great many courses of study, teacher\u27s manuals, bulletins, and articles in educational magazines on the subject of Teaching of Arithmetic. The purpose of the writers is to give some practical methods in teaching arithmetic in the Fifth Grade. The old methods of teaching arithmetic are gradually dying, hence we are attempting to show some practical methods by which better results may be secured. In treating this problem, we have divided the study into the following headings:- First is the Aim; second, The Already Accumulated Knowledge; third, New Knowledge; fourth, Kinds of Fractions; fifth, Practical Methods of Teaching Common and Decimal Fractions and Problem Solving

New Species, New Combinations and New Synonymies Towards a Treatment of Acanthaceae for the Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica

In preparation for the publication of the Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, new species, names, combinations, and synonymies are provided in six genera of Acanthaceae: Anisacanthus, Chamaeranthemum, Dicliptera, Justicia, Ruellia and Stenostephanus. The new species are A. grace-woodiae, J. altior, J. lithophila and S. chavesii. A new name at the species level, R. leonardiana, is provided for R. tubiflora var. hirsuta. With Habracanthus, Hansteinia, Kalbreyeriella and Razisea being subsumed within Stenostephanus, the new combinations S. blepharorhachis, S. citrinus, S. leiorhachis (= Razisea spicata non S. spicatus), S. strictus, S. ventricosus, S. villosus and S. wilburii are formalized. Seven new synonymies are presented for species of Chamaeranthemum, Dicliptera, Justicia and Stenostephanus, as well as lectotypifications in the first and latter two genera