3,320 research outputs found
Automated Engineering Design (AED); An approach to automated documentation
The automated engineering design (AED) is reviewed, consisting of a high level systems programming language, a series of modular precoded subroutines, and a set of powerful software machine tools that effectively automate the production and design of new languages. AED is used primarily for development of problem and user-oriented languages. Software production phases are diagramed, and factors which inhibit effective documentation are evaluated
Band-structure topologies of graphene: spin-orbit coupling effects from first principles
The electronic band structure of graphene in the presence of spin-orbit
coupling and transverse electric field is investigated from first principles
using the linearized augmented plane-wave method. The spin-orbit coupling opens
a gap at the -point of the magnitude of 24 eV (0.28 K). This
intrinsic splitting comes 96% from the usually neglected and higher
orbitals. The electric field induces an additional (extrinsic)
Bychkov-Rashba-type splitting of 10 eV (0.11 K) per V/nm, coming from the
- mixing. A 'mini-ripple' configuration with every other atom is
shifted out of the sheet by less than 1% differs little from the intrinsic
case.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
A generalization of Hausdorff dimension applied to Hilbert cubes and Wasserstein spaces
A Wasserstein spaces is a metric space of sufficiently concentrated
probability measures over a general metric space. The main goal of this paper
is to estimate the largeness of Wasserstein spaces, in a sense to be precised.
In a first part, we generalize the Hausdorff dimension by defining a family of
bi-Lipschitz invariants, called critical parameters, that measure largeness for
infinite-dimensional metric spaces. Basic properties of these invariants are
given, and they are estimated for a naturel set of spaces generalizing the
usual Hilbert cube. In a second part, we estimate the value of these new
invariants in the case of some Wasserstein spaces, as well as the dynamical
complexity of push-forward maps. The lower bounds rely on several embedding
results; for example we provide bi-Lipschitz embeddings of all powers of any
space inside its Wasserstein space, with uniform bound and we prove that the
Wasserstein space of a d-manifold has "power-exponential" critical parameter
equal to d.Comment: v2 Largely expanded version, as reflected by the change of title; all
part I on generalized Hausdorff dimension is new, as well as the embedding of
Hilbert cubes into Wasserstein spaces. v3 modified according to the referee
final remarks ; to appear in Journal of Topology and Analysi
Shot Noise in Graphene
We report measurements of current noise in single- and multi-layer graphene
devices. In four single-layer devices, including a p-n junction, the Fano
factor remains constant to within +/-10% upon varying carrier type and density,
and averages between 0.35 and 0.38. The Fano factor in a multi-layer device is
found to decrease from a maximal value of 0.33 at the charge-neutrality point
to 0.25 at high carrier density. These results are compared to theoretical
predictions for shot noise in ballistic and disordered graphene.Comment: related papers available at http://marcuslab.harvard.ed
Distinct Signatures For Coulomb Blockade and Aharonov-Bohm Interference in Electronic Fabry-Perot Interferometers
Two distinct types of magnetoresistance oscillations are observed in two
electronic Fabry-Perot interferometers of different sizes in the integer
quantum Hall regime. Measuring these oscillations as a function of magnetic
field and gate voltages, we observe three signatures that distinguish the two
types. The oscillations observed in a 2.0 square micron device are understood
to arise from the Coulomb blockade mechanism, and those observed in an 18
square micron device from the Aharonov-Bohm mechanism. This work clarifies,
provides ways to distinguish, and demonstrates control over, these distinct
physical origins of resistance oscillations seen in electronic Fabry-Perot
interferometers.Comment: related papers at http://marcuslab.harvard.ed
Tunable Noise Cross-Correlations in a Double Quantum Dot
We report measurements of the cross-correlation between current noise
fluctuations in two capacitively coupled quantum dots in the Coulomb blockade
regime. The sign of the cross-spectral density is found to be tunable by gate
voltage and source-drain bias. Good agreement is found with a model of
sequential tunneling through the dots in the presence of inter-dot capacitive
coupling.Comment: related papers available at http://marcuslab.harvard.ed
Evidence for Steep Luminosity Functions in Clusters of Galaxies
Luminosity Functions have been obtained for very faint dwarf galaxies in the
cores of four rich clusters of galaxies (Abell 2052, 2107, 2199 and 2666). It
is found that the luminosity function of dwarf galaxies rises very steeply in
these clusters, with a power-law slope of \alpha -2.2 (down to absolute
limiting magnitudes M_I = -13 and M_B = -11 for H_0 = 75 km/s/Mpc). A
steepening of the luminosity function at faint magnitudes may in fact be a
common feature of both cluster and field populations. Such a result may explain
the observed excess counts of faint, intermediate redshift galaxies in the
Universe, without resorting to more exotic phenomena. An alternate explanation
is that star formation in dwarf galaxies is less affected by gas loss in the
richest clusters, because of the dense, hot intracluster medium found in such
environments.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures (attached). Uuencoded compressed Postscript
tarfile. Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
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