814 research outputs found
A New Symmetry for QED
We demonstrate that QED exhibits a previously unobserved symmetry. Some
consequences are discussed.Comment: 9 pages, MZ-TH/93-02, DIAS-STP-93-0
Is the ground state of Yang-Mills theory Coulombic?
We study trial states modelling the heavy quark-antiquark ground state in
SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. A state describing the flux tube between quarks as a
thin string of glue is found to be a poor description of the continuum ground
state; the infinitesimal thickness of the string leads to UV artifacts which
suppress the overlap with the ground state. Contrastingly, a state which
surrounds the quarks with non-abelian Coulomb fields is found to have a good
overlap with the ground state for all charge separations. In fact, the overlap
increases as the lattice regulator is removed. This opens up the possibility
that the Coulomb state is the true ground state in the continuum limit.Comment: 10 pages, 9 .eps figure
The use of absorbable staples for skin closure after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy
OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of stainless steel staples with absorbable staples for closure of skin incisions in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Clientâowned dogs (nâ=â80). METHODS: With client consent, dogs were randomly assigned a staple type (stainless steel or absorbable) immediately prior to closure of a TPLO skin incision. Incisions were compared for length, staple type and number, and an inflammationâinfection score 2 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: Overall, 18.8% of incisions were diagnosed with inflammation or infection. No difference was found between inflammationâinfection scores, incision length, number of staples used, or general anesthetic time between the 2 staple groups. However, wound closure was faster with stainless steel staples (22.50 seconds; range, 11â180) by approximately 30 seconds compared with absorbable staples (56.50 seconds; range, 18â190; Pâ<â.001). Time taken to close the incision correlated negatively with the number of occasions that absorbable staples were used (Pâ=â.01). CONCLUSION: Absorbable skin staples were successfully used to close skin incisions after TPLO and were not associated with an increased level of inflammation or infection in our clinical setting. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Absorbable staples may be considered to close surgical wounds when subsequent suture removal would be impractical, without specific concerns over inflammation or infection of the wound
Probing the ground state in gauge theories
We consider two very different models of the flux tube linking two heavy
quarks: a string linking the matter fields and a Coulombic description of two
separately gauge invariant charges. We compare how close they are to the
unknown true ground state in compact U(1) and the SU(2) Higgs model.
Simulations in compact U(1) show that the string description is better in the
confined phase but the Coulombic description is best in the deconfined phase;
the last result is shown to agree with analytical calculations. Surprisingly in
the non-abelian theory the Coulombic description is better in both the Higgs
and confined phases. This indicates a significant difference in the width of
the flux tubes in the two theories.Comment: 13 pages, 10 .eps figures. V2: conclusions extende
Synthetic DNA immunotherapy in biochemically relapsed prostate cancer
Background: INO-5150 (PSA and PSMA) +/- INO-9012 (IL-12), a synthetic DNA immunotherapy, was assessed for safety, immunogenicity and efficacy in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer patients (pts).
Methods: Phase I, open-label, multi-center study in the US included pts with rising PSA after surgery and/or RT, PSA doubling time (PSADT) \u3e3 months (mos), testosterone \u3e150â
ng/dL and no concurrent ADT. Safety, immunogenicity and efficacy (PSA kinetics, PFS) were evaluated in 4 treatment arms of 15 pts each. Arms A: 2mg INO-5150, B: 8.5â
mg INO-5150, C: 2mg INO-5150â
+â
1mg INO-9012 and D: 8.5mg INO-5150â
+â
1mg INO-9012. Pts received 4 IM doses of vaccine followed by electroporation on day 0, wks 3, 12 and 24 and were followed for 72 wks.
Results: 50/61 (82%) pts completed all visits and treatments were well tolerated with no safety concerns. Median PFS for overall population [Nâ
=â
61, baseline (D0) PSADT range (mos) 1.5-217.1, median 9.8] and for a subset of pts with D0 PSADT â€12mos (Nâ
=â
36) has not yet been reached (FU 3-19 mos). 86% of pts with D0 PSADT â€12 mos were progression free through 19mos FU. 27 out of 36 (75%) pts with D0 PSADT†12 mos had disease stabilization at wks 27 evidenced by significant improvement in log2PSA change over time (slope) and PSADT from D0 (Slope=0.19 declined to 0.1, PSADT=5.3 improved to 10.1 mos, pâ
=â
\u3c0.0001). This effect was maintained at wk 72 (Slope=0.09, PSADT=10.6, pâ
=â
\u3c0.0001). Immunogenicity was observed in 77% (47/61) of pts by multiple immunologic assessments. Patient immunogenicity to INO-5150 as determined by CD38 and Perforin + CD8 T cell immune reactivity correlated with attenuated % PSA rise compared to pts without reactivity (pâ
=â
0.05, nâ
=â
50).
Conclusions: INO-5150 +/- INO-9012 was safe, well tolerated and immunogenic. Clinical efficacy was observed in the patients with D0 PSADT†12 mos as evidenced by a significant dampening of log2PSA change over time and increased PSADT up to 72 weeks FU. Additional genomic analyses are ongoing to further elucidate the correlation of immunologic efficacy and clinical benefit. (NCT02514213)
Geometrical Aspects Of BRST Cohomology In Augmented Superfield Formalism
In the framework of augmented superfield approach, we provide the geometrical
origin and interpretation for the nilpotent (anti-)BRST charges, (anti-)co-BRST
charges and a non-nilpotent bosonic charge. Together, these local and conserved
charges turn out to be responsible for a clear and cogent definition of the
Hodge decomposition theorem in the quantum Hilbert space of states. The above
charges owe their origin to the de Rham cohomological operators of differential
geometry which are found to be at the heart of some of the key concepts
associated with the interacting gauge theories. For our present review, we
choose the two -dimensional (2D) quantum electrodynamics (QED) as a
prototype field theoretical model to derive all the nilpotent symmetries for
all the fields present in this interacting gauge theory in the framework of
augmented superfield formulation and show that this theory is a {\it unique}
example of an interacting gauge theory which provides a tractable field
theoretical model for the Hodge theory.Comment: LaTeX file, 25 pages, Ref. [49] updated, correct page numbers of the
Journal are give
Magneto-Coulomb Oscillation in Ferromagnetic Single Electron Transistors
The mechanism of the magneto-Coulomb oscillation in ferromagnetic single
electron transistors (SET's) is theoretically considered. Variations in the
chemical potentials of the conduction electrons in the ferromagnetic island
electrode and the ferromagnetic lead electrodes in magnetic fields cause
changes in the free energy of the island electrode of the SET. Experimental
results of the magneto-Coulomb oscillation in a Ni/Co/Ni ferromagnetic SET are
presented and discussed. Possible applications of this phenomenon are also
discussed.Comment: 24 pages Latex, 5 figures in GIF files, style files included. Revised
version: some errors are corrected and further discussions are added. To be
published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.67 (1998) No.
Hamiltonian BRST-anti-BRST Theory
The hamiltonian BRST-anti-BRST theory is developed in the general case of
arbitrary reducible first class systems. This is done by extending the methods
of homological perturbation theory, originally based on the use of a single
resolution, to the case of a biresolution. The BRST and the anti-BRST
generators are shown to exist. The respective links with the ordinary BRST
formulation and with the -covariant formalism are also established.Comment: 34 pages, Latex fil
- âŠ