An anatomy of power: the early works of Bernard Mandeville

The thesis takes Mandeville's medical works at Leiden as a starting point. Translations of his first three works - all originally published in Latin - lay the foundation for a consideration of his approach to medicine, medical discourse and the contemporary seventeenth-century debates on Cartesian thought. From this basis, Mandeville's early English works are examined in detail. His fables are seen to develop the first stages of a complex theory of imitation which is closely related to his medical ideas on digestion. Mandeville elaborated this theory in three major works - The Virgin Unmask'd (1709), A Treatise of the Hypochondriack and Hysterick Passions (1711) and The Fable of the Bees (1714). Each of these works is examined in the context of contemporary texts and ideas. Taken as a trilogy, the works are shown to explore the problems of the individual in a rapidly changing society. The thesis argues that in The Virgin Unmask'd Mandeville considers the nature of seual identity and the various ways in which the new consumer society could operate to determine that identity. In A Treatise of the Hypochondriack and Hysterick Passions, it is shown that Mandeville continues his exploration of the effects of consumerism on the individual. In this text, however, he is concerned with consumption in both its literal and metaphorical dimensions as he fully develops the medical theories on digestion which he had begun to consider as a student in Leiden. Finally, Mandeville's first edition of The Fable of the Bees is examined in the light of his medical works and his interest in the nature of consumerism. Through the readings of each of these texts it is shown how Mandeville uses both the dialogue form and the `Remarks' of The Fable of the Bees to equip the reader with a set of interpretative tools. By using his chosen literary forms to question the notions of `knowledge' and `ignorance', he offers a perspective from which to `anatomize' the structures of power that were beginning to take shape in early eighteenth-century England

A Comparative Discussion of Who Pays for Document Discovery in Australia, Canada, Guernsey (Channel Islands), and Singapore and its Effect on Access to Justice

symposium organized by the Vanderbilt Law Review to discuss the future of discovery in the United States.\u27 More specifically, the topic for discussion was an ongoing debate in the United States about proposals by the U.S. Chamber Institute for Legal Reform and Lawyers for Civil Justice to adopt a requestor-pays discovery rule. In a requestor-pays system, each party pays for the discovery it seeks, which includes the costs of discovery belonging to the other parties to the litigation. It is based on the theory that a requestor-pays rule will encourage each party to manage its own discovery expenses and tailor its discovery requests to its needs by placing the cost-benefit decision on the requesting party. It is intended to discourage parties from using discovery as a weapon to force settlements without regard to the merits of a case. At the opposite end of the spectrum is a discovery system known as producer-pays, which is presently used in the United States. Under this system, the party producing the documents must pay to locate, identify, list, and make available the documents relevant to the litigation at its own expense. The genesis of the producer-pays presumption is largely an accident of history. Historically, certain limitations on discovery production existed simply due to the form of discovery sought. When records were kept only on paper and photocopying was unavailable, the cost of providing discovery was minor. An implicit assumption arose that the producing party would pay. Today, the impact of this discovery system is particularly dramatic when a party has made massive discovery requests. Critics of today\u27s system argue that discovery is often used as a weapon to impact the outcome of a case. As an example, where litigants request substantial volumes of information, that information must then be collected and reviewed by the producing party at considerable expense. This Article examines what is happening in some other countries with respect to requestor-pays rules to help inform the debate. It will canvass relevant discovery rules in four countries that have elements of both producer-pays and requestor-pays systems-Australia, Canada (the common law provinces and Quebec separately), Guernsey, and Singapore. This Article also comments briefly on how those rules are working from an access-to-justice perspective. In each country, the general approach to document discovery is that each party to a lawsuit has an automatic obligation to locate, identify, list, and make available for inspection documents relevant to the matters at issue in the litigation at its own expense. Again, this is called the producer-pays system of discovery

Sweet Extinction

This extended essay explores the context and content of the Krazy Kat comic in the final years of the artist George Herriman's life. It looks in particular at the social impact of ww2 on the domestic front in the USA and how that is reflected within the comic strip. There is also a more detailed examination of one of Herriman's final Sunday strips in which a nursery rhyme reflects the wider coding in his work, possibly touching on a reference to the ongoing persection of Jews in Europe at that time

Skirting the event horizon

This is an overview of the Krazy Kat (1913-1944) comic, a work by George Herriman, seen through the lens of Jacques Lacan's theory of 'the pass'

A file system design for the Aeolus security platform

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 51).This thesis presents the design and implementation of a file system for Aeolus, a distributed security platform based on information flow control. An information flow control system regulates the use of sensitive information as it flows through an application. An important part of such a platform is files, since applications use files to store sensitive information. This thesis presents an implementation of a file system that enforces information flow rules on the use of files and generates valuable audit trails of an application's interaction with the file system. My results show that the file system supports information flow control with auditing while performing nearly as well as a native file system.by Francis Peter McKee.M.Eng

lo ultimo en la avenida

This essay surveys the development of the salsa album cover from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It places these covers within the wider context of the material culture of popular music, links them to the emerging diasporic cultures of New York and the attendant politics of pride, identity, resistance and cultural hybridity

Trace Evidence

Trace Evidence is a work based on the emergence of material belonging to Czech artist and film maker Ester Krumbachová. The work explores the relationship between the techniques of police work and the techniques of the archivist. Using photographs that chart the construction of an archive in Prague dedicated to Krumbachová, period maps of the city, texts by her and a secret service file, the work will present a police-style 'crazy wall' where her life can be pieced together

Using shared goal setting to improve access and equity: a mixed methods study of the Good Goals intervention

Background: Access and equity in children’s therapy services may be improved by directing clinicians’ use of resources toward specific goals that are important to patients. A practice-change intervention (titled ‘Good Goals’) was designed to achieve this. This study investigated uptake, adoption, and possible effects of that intervention in children’s occupational therapy services. Methods: Mixed methods case studies (n = 3 services, including 46 therapists and 558 children) were conducted. The intervention was delivered over 25 weeks through face-to-face training, team workbooks, and ‘tools for change’. Data were collected before, during, and after the intervention on a range of factors using interviews, a focus group, case note analysis, routine data, document analysis, and researchers’ observations. Results: Factors related to uptake and adoptions were: mode of intervention delivery, competing demands on therapists’ time, and leadership by service manager. Service managers and therapists reported that the intervention: helped therapists establish a shared rationale for clinical decisions; increased clarity in service provision; and improved interactions with families and schools. During the study period, therapists’ behaviours changed: identifying goals, odds ratio 2.4 (95% CI 1.5 to 3.8); agreeing goals, 3.5 (2.4 to 5.1); evaluating progress, 2.0 (1.1 to 3.5). Children’s LoT decreased by two months [95% CI −8 to +4 months] across the services. Cost per therapist trained ranged from £1,003 to £1,277, depending upon service size and therapists’ salary bands. Conclusions: Good Goals is a promising quality improvement intervention that can be delivered and adopted in practice and may have benefits. Further research is required to evaluate its: (i) impact on patient outcomes, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and (ii) transferability to other clinical contexts

Evaluating Strategies To Collect Micrometeorites From Rainwater For Citizen Scientists

Micrometeorites originate from small pieces of rock from space colliding with the Earth’s atmosphere at high velocity, such as the Perseid meteors which hit the atmosphere at 60 km/s. When they do so, they burn up, causing a flash of light that we see as a meteor.  Many groups have been successful collecting these particles using various devices.  Such activities make great science projects for middle and high school students, and we plan to start a program to train students in the collecting methods and get them interested in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) careers.  Various methods are used to collect micrometeorites from rainwater, but little work has been done to assess the most efficient method of collecting these particles from space and then analyzing them.  Before we began our citizen science project, we determined that it was necessary to conduct a pilot project to determine the most effective method of collecting micrometeorites from rainwater.  Four collecting methods were tried and the method that collected the most micrometeorites was also the simplest, that being a simple bucket under the downspout of the gutter system of a house and a magnet which is then run through the bucket to gather the meteorites

The Student Athlete Wellness Portal: Translating Student Athletes’ Prescription Opioid Use Narratives into a Targeted Public Health Intervention

Background and Objectives: The opioid epidemic has permeated all strata of society over the last two decades, especially within the adolescent student athletic environment, a group particularly at risk and presenting their own challenges for science and practice. This paper (a) describes the development of a web-based intervention called the Student Athlete Wellness Portal that models effective opioid misuse resistance strategies and (b) details the findings of a single-group design to test its effectiveness. Materials and Methods: Formative research included 35 student athletes residing in the United States, ages 14 to 21, who had been injured in their school-based sport. They participated in in-depth qualitative interviews to explore narratives relating to their injuries and pain management plans. Inductive analyses of interview transcripts revealed themes of the challenges of being a student athlete, manageable vs. unmanageable pain, and ways to stay healthy. These themes were translated into prevention messages for the portal, which was then tested in a single-group design. Results: Users of the portal (n = 102) showed significant decreases in their willingness to misuse opioids and increases in their perceptions of opioid risks. Conclusions: This manuscript illuminates the processes involved in translating basic research knowledge into intervention scripts and reveals the promising effects of a technology-based wellness portal