Grow more wool

THE amount of wool that each sheep grows is determined by many things, including the amount and quality of pasture available or how the sheep are fed, the stocking rate, the general health and thrift of the sheep and other management considerations such as cropping and the time of lambing

The effect of mulesing and tailstripping at lamb marking on subsequent lamb growth and incidence of fly strike

THE modified mules and tailstrip operation has been shown to be highly effective in reducing the incidence of crutch strike in sheep. In Western Australia the operation is usually performed on ewe weaners or hoggets immediately after either crutching or shearing

Weaner feeding practices need review

Many fanners feed large amounts of grain to their weaners over summer and autumn, in the belief that this is necessary for high lifetime production. The economics of this are open to doubt; in fact, the results of a recent experiment at Wongan Hills Research Station suggested that weaner feeding practices need review

Stocking rates on light land : Wongan Hills Research Station

THE two most important things that determine the rate of return on invested capital in Merino sheep breeding and grazing are the stocking rate and lambing percentage

Managers Handbook for Software Development

Methods and aids for the management of software development projects are presented. The recommendations are based on analyses and experiences with flight dynamics software development. The management aspects of organizing the project, producing a development plan, estimation costs, scheduling, staffing, preparing deliverable documents, using management tools, monitoring the project, conducting reviews, auditing, testing, and certifying are described

Aids to better shearing

The demonstrations and instructional work in shearing that have been carried out in the farming areas have revealed the universal difficulty among learner-shearers in getting a cut. Experience has shown that this absence of good cutting in handpieces has been due in large measure to the general lack of knowledge regarding grinding and the correct adjustment or setting up of the combs and cutters on the handpiece. Poor cutting has also resulted from the common practice of using combs and cutters that do not match, together with faulty handpiece maintenance. These and other factors leading to such poor results will be dealt with and the necessary control measures fully described. The practical instruction in grinding, etc., which has been included in the shearing demonstrations is now supplemented by this article. To those who have attended the demonstrations the article will be very useful for reference, and to other

Shearing Schools - A successful innovation

To assist in overcoming the shortage of skilled shearers—which has become a major problem in the State\u27s sheep and wool industry—the Department of Agriculture conducted a series of 14-day instructional courses in shearing at Fremantle during 1954. A total of 57 trainees passed through the shearing schools and all of these received engagements as learner shearers during the 1954 season—in fact applications for the services of the learners exceeded the number available

Systems Technology Laboratory (STL) compendium of utilities

Multipurpose programs, routines and operating systems are described. Data conversion and character string comparison subroutine are included. Graphics packages, and file maintenance programs are also included

Characterization and Aerosol Dispersion Performance of Spray-Dried Chemotherapeutic PEGylated Phospholipid Particles for Dry Powder Inhalation Delivery in Lung Cancer

Pulmonary inhalation chemotherapeutic drug delivery offers many advantages for lung cancer patients in comparison to conventional systemic chemotherapy. Inhalable particles are advantageous in their ability to deliver drug deep in the lung by utilizing optimally sized particles and higher local drug dose delivery. In this work, spray-dried and co-spray dried inhalable lung surfactant-mimic PEGylated lipopolymers as microparticulate/nanoparticulate dry powders containing paclitaxel were rationally designed via organic solution advanced spray drying (no water) in closed-mode from dilute concentration feed solution. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine poly(ethylene glycol) (DPPE-PEG) with varying PEG chain length were mixed with varying amounts of paclitaxel in methanol to produce co-spray dried microparticles and nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy showed the spherical particle morphology of the inhalable particles. Thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction confirmed the retention of the phospholipid bilayer structure in the solid-state following spray drying, the degree of solid-state molecular order, and solid-state phase transition behavior. The residual water content of the particles was very low as quantified analytically Karl Fisher titration. The amount of paclitaxel loaded into the particles was quantified which indicated high encapsulation efficiencies (43-99%). Dry powder aerosol dispersion performance was measure in vitro using the Next Generation Impactor™ (NGI™) coupled with the Handihaler® dry powder inhaler device and showed mass median aerodynamic diameters in the range of 3.4 – 7μm. These results demonstrate that this novel microparticulate/nanoparticulate chemotherapeutic PEGylated phospholipid inhalation aerosol platform has great potential in lung cancer drug delivery