29 research outputs found
SARS-CoV-2-specific nasal IgA wanes 9 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 and is not induced by subsequent vaccination
- Author
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- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2023
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Most studies of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 focus on circulating antibody, giving limited insights into mucosal defences that prevent viral replication and onward transmission. We studied nasal and plasma antibody responses one year after hospitalisation for COVID-19, including a period when SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was introduced. METHODS: In this follow up study, plasma and nasosorption samples were prospectively collected from 446 adults hospitalised for COVID-19 between February 2020 and March 2021 via the ISARIC4C and PHOSP-COVID consortia. IgA and IgG responses to NP and S of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron (BA.1) variants were measured by electrochemiluminescence and compared with plasma neutralisation data. FINDINGS: Strong and consistent nasal anti-NP and anti-S IgA responses were demonstrated, which remained elevated for nine months (p < 0.0001). Nasal and plasma anti-S IgG remained elevated for at least 12 months (p < 0.0001) with plasma neutralising titres that were raised against all variants compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Of 323 with complete data, 307 were vaccinated between 6 and 12 months; coinciding with rises in nasal and plasma IgA and IgG anti-S titres for all SARS-CoV-2 variants, although the change in nasal IgA was minimal (1.46-fold change after 10 months, p = 0.011) and the median remained below the positive threshold determined by pre-pandemic controls. Samples 12 months after admission showed no association between nasal IgA and plasma IgG anti-S responses (R = 0.05, p = 0.18), indicating that nasal IgA responses are distinct from those in plasma and minimally boosted by vaccination. INTERPRETATION: The decline in nasal IgA responses 9 months after infection and minimal impact of subsequent vaccination may explain the lack of long-lasting nasal defence against reinfection and the limited effects of vaccination on transmission. These findings highlight the need to develop vaccines that enhance nasal immunity. FUNDING: This study has been supported by ISARIC4C and PHOSP-COVID consortia. ISARIC4C is supported by grants from the National Institute for Health and Care Research and the Medical Research Council. Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre provided infrastructure support for this research. The PHOSP-COVD study is jointly funded by UK Research and Innovation and National Institute of Health and Care Research. The funders were not involved in the study design, interpretation of data or the writing of this manuscript
The Sample Analysis at Mars Investigation and Instrument Suite
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- A. Banin
- A. Bouvier
- A. Buch
- A. Geminale
- A. Steele
- A.C. McAdam
- A.J.T. Jull
- A.J.T. Jull
- A.O. Nier
- A.O. Nier
- A.P. Zent
- A.S. McEwen
- A.S. Wong
- A.S. Yen
- Alexander A. Pavlov
- Amy C. McAdam
- Andrea Jones
- Andrew Steele
- Arnaud Buch
- B. Sherwood Lollar
- B.C. Clark
- B.C. Clark
- B.L. Ehlmann
- B.M. Jakosky
- B.M. Jakosky
- Benito Prats
- Bruce M. Jakosky
- Bruce P. Block
- C. Chyba
- C. Geffroy-Rodier
- C. Ponnamperuma
- C. Szopa
- C.D. Gillmann
- C.G. Tarsitano
- C.R. Webster
- C.R. Webster
- C.S. Cockell
- Caroline Freissinet
- Charles A. Malespin
- Charles Edmonson
- Christopher P. McKay
- Christopher R. Webster
- Christopher S. Johnson
- Cindy Gundersen
- Curt Baffes
- Cyril Szopa
- D. Bogard
- D. Meunier
- D.D. Bogard
- D.H. Garrison
- D.L. Blaney
- D.S. McKay
- D.W. Ming
- Daniel Carignan
- Daniel N. Harpold
- Daniel P. Glavin
- David Coscia
- David K. Martin
- David Sheppard
- Didier Keymeulen
- Douglas Hawk
- Douglas McLennan
- Douglas W. Ming
- E. Kaal
- E.G. Nisbet
- Eric Lyness
- Eric Raaen
- Erik Mumm
- F. Goesmann
- F. Tian
- F. Tian
- F.M. McCubbin
- Florence Tan
- Francois Raulin
- G. Klingelhofer
- G. Kminek
- G. Schwehm
- G.F. Knoll
- G.J. Flynn
- G.T. Delory
- G.V. Levin
- G.V. Levin
- G.V. Levin
- Greg Flesch
- Gregory Frazier
- H. Wanke
- H.B. Franz
- H.B. Niemann
- H.J. Melosh
- H.P. Klein
- H.R. Karlsson
- H.Y. McSween
- Heather Franz
- Heidi Manning
- I.G. Mitrofanov
- I.P. Wright
- J. Crovisier
- J. Farquhar
- J. Pollack
- J.A. Hurowitz
- J.C. Bridges
- J.C. Bridges
- J.C. Bridges
- J.C. Stern
- J.L. Bishop
- J.L. Eigenbrode
- J.L. Fox
- J.L. Fox
- J.L.Y. Bibring
- J.P. Bibring
- J.P. Bibring
- J.P. Greenwood
- J.R. Michalski
- J.S. Toporski
- James Kellogg
- James Smith
- James Wray
- Jason Feldman
- Jason P. Dworkin
- Jennifer C. Stern
- Jennifer L. Eigenbrode
- Jesse Lewis
- John Jones
- John Maurer
- K. Biemann
- K. Biemann
- K. Fast
- K. Fast
- K. Zahnle
- K. Zahnle
- K.I. Oyama
- K.J. Mathew
- Ken Arnett
- L. Becker
- L. Becker
- L. Leshin
- L. Maltagliati
- L.L. Watson
- L.R. Dartnell
- L.R. Dartnell
- Laurie A. Leshin
- Lora Bleacher
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- M. Cabane
- M. Komiya
- M.A. Sephton
- M.A. Sephton
- M.B. McElroy
- M.B. McElroy
- M.D. Smith
- M.H. Acuna
- M.H. Carr
- M.H. Hecht
- M.J. Mumma
- M.M. Grady
- M.M. Grady
- M.M. Hirschmann
- M.P. Callahan
- M.P. Golombek
- M.Y. Zolotov
- Mark Cascia
- Marvin Noriega
- Mehdi Benna
- Melissa Trainer
- Michael Barciniak
- Michel Cabane
- N. Mangold
- N.J. Tosca
- O. Botta
- O. Botta
- Oliver Botta
- Oren Sheinman
- P. Ehrenfreund
- P.B. Niles
- P.R. Mahaffy
- Pamela G. Conrad
- Patrice Coll
- Patrick Jordan
- Paul R. Mahaffy
- Paul Sorensen
- Paula Everson
- R. Navarro-Gonzalez
- R. Navarro-Gonzalez
- R.C. Plumb
- R.C. Quinn
- R.E. Milliken
- R.E. Milliken
- R.E. Milliken
- R.E. Summons
- R.E. Summons
- R.K. Mohapatra
- R.L. Huguenin
- R.L. Mancinelli
- R.O. Pepin
- R.O. Pepin
- R.T. Clancy
- R.T. Clancy
- R.V. Krishnamurthy
- R.V. Morris
- R.W. Zurek
- Rafael Navarro-González
- Ray Garcia
- Richard V. Morris
- Robert A. Chalmers
- Robert Arvey
- Robert Kline-Schoder
- Robert Sternberg
- Rodger Farley
- Ryan Miller
- S. Pizzarello
- S. Schroder
- S.A. Benner
- S.K. Atreya
- S.K. Atreya
- S.K. Atreya
- S.P. Kounaves
- Samuel Teinturier
- Siamak Forouhar
- Stephen Gorevan
- Steve Battel
- Steve Woodward
- Steven Feng
- Steven Squyres
- Sushil K. Atreya
- T. Encrenaz
- T. Encrenaz
- T. Encrenaz
- T. Encrenaz
- T. Owen
- T. Owen
- T. Owen
- T. Owen
- T. Owen
- T. Owen
- T.A. Delchar
- T.B. McCord
- T.J. Millar
- T.M. McCollom
- T.M. McCollom
- T.R. Blackburn
- Therese Errigo
- Thomas J. Nolan
- Tobias Owen
- U.J. Meierhenrich
- V. Formisano
- V.A. Krasnopolsky
- V.A. Krasnopolsky
- V.A. Krasnopolsky
- V.A. Krasnopolsky
- V.A. Krasnopolsky
- Vincent Holmes
- W. Kasprzak
- W.C. Maguire
- W.V. Boynton
- William B. Brinckerhoff
- Y.P. Langevin
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Spondylitis in Post-Pubertal Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis of Juvenile Onset
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- 'BMJ'
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A report on the marine cladoceran Evadne spinifera Müller (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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- 'FapUNIFESP (SciELO)'
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- Field of study
Effects of midazolam on isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in goats
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- 'Elsevier BV'
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- Field of study
Comparison of Differential Agglutination Titre (D.A.T.) in Juvenile and Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis
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- Publication venue
- 'BMJ'
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- Field of study
Histological types of malignant mesothelioma and asbestos exposure.
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- 'BMJ'
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- Field of study
PREVALENCE OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESIDUES IN PREPROCESSED AND PROCESSED COWS' MILK IN TRINIDAD
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- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Sex-specific effects of androgen and estrogen on proliferation of the embryonic chicken hypothalamic neurons
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- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study