Cohousing for older people: Housing innovation in the Netherlands and Denmark

Objective: The aim of this paper is to elucidate cohousing for older people. Method: The research is based on a literature review and interviews (in English) with residents of seven schemes in the Netherlands and Denmark, a social housing organisation and several researchers in the field (in 1995 and 2002). Results and Conclusions: Cohousing for older people is now well established in its countries of origin - Denmark and the Netherlands - as a way for older people to live in their own house or unit, with a self-chosen group of other older people as neighbours, with shared space and facilities they collectively determine or control. As more such housing is built and occupied it has become easier to choose and assess this option. It remains to be seen how widespread its appeal will be, but cohousing for older people is now a valued housing niche

Forgotten Plotlanders: Learning from the survival of lost informal housing in the UK.

Colin Ward’s discourses on the arcadian landscape of ‘plotlander’ housing are unique documentations of the anarchistic birth, life, and death of the last informal housing communities in the UK. Today the forgotten history of ‘plotlander’ housing documented by Ward can be re-read in the context of both the apparently never-ending ‘housing crisis’ in the UK, and the increasing awareness of the potential value of learning from comparable informal housing from the Global South. This papers observations of a previously unknown and forgotten plotlander site offers a chance to begin a new conversation regarding the positive potential of informal and alternative housing models in the UK and wider Westernised world

The mechanics of housing collectivism: How forms and functions affect affordability

In countries worldwide, limited access to affordable housing is fuelling interest in collectivist solutions. Different organizational models are being developed to enable groups of people to own and control housing collectively. The benefits of such models have been widely promoted, not least in terms of delivering enhanced housing affordability for residents. However, evidence to support such claims is scarce and it remains unclear whether affordability is the product of collective forms and functions, or some other factor(s). To address this gap in knowledge, the paper presents findings from three case studies of English and Canadian housing collectives. Applying realist theories of causation, the processes affecting housing affordability are explained, conceptualizing two causal mechanisms which depict how organizational form, internal rules and regulatory activity, along with the unique role of the resident-owner, influence the setting of rents and prices. Further research is required to understand the prevalence of these mechanisms and their general application

A Tool for Estimating Information Leakage ⋆

Abstract. We present leakiEst, a tool that estimates how much information leaks from systems. To use leakiEst, an analyst must run a system with a range of secret values and record the outputs that may be exposed to an attacker. Our tool then estimates the amount of information leaked from the secret values to the observable outputs of the system. Importantly, our tool calculates the confidence intervals for these estimates, and tests whether they represent real evidence of an information leak in the system. leakiEst is freely available and has been used to verify the security of a range of real-world systems, including e-passports and Tor. Introduction. Information leakage occurs when something about a system’s secret data can be deduced from observing its public outputs. Not all information leakage is serious: many retailers ’ billing systems readily “leak ” the last four digits of a credit card number, and password-checking functions “leak ” some information about a secret password in response to an incorrect guess (e.g., tha

Two-dimensional electronic femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy

We report two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy with a femtosecond stimulated Raman scattering probe. The method reveals correlations between excitation energy and excited state vibrational structure following photoexcitation. We demonstrate the method in rhodamine 6G

Seismic evaluation of the U1a complex at the Nevada Test Site

As part of an overall safety evaluation of the Ula Complex, a seismic evaluation of structures, systems, and components (SSC) was conducted. A team of seismic, safety, and operation engineers from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Bechtel Nevada (BN) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) was chartered to perform the seismic evaluation. The UlA Complex is located in Area 1 of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in Nevada. The complex is a test facility for physics experiments in support of the Science Based Stockpile Stewardship Program. The Ula Complex consists of surface and subsurface facilities. The subsurface facility is a tunnel complex located 963 feet below the surface. The seismic evaluation of U 1 a Complex is required to comply with the DOE Natural Phenomena Policy. This policy consists of an order, an implementing guide, and standards which provide guidance for design and evaluation of SSCs, categorization of SSCs, characterization of site, and hazard level definition