Tuberculosis care designed with barramarrany (family): Participatory action research that prioritised partnership, healthy housing and nutrition

Issue addressed Ongoing tuberculosis (TB) transmission in Aboriginal communities in Australia is unfair and unacceptable. Redressing the inequity in TB affecting Aboriginal peoples is a priority in Australia’s Strategic Plan for Tuberculosis Control. Improving TB care needs not to just identify barriers but do something about them. Privileging the voices of Aboriginal people affected by TB is essential to identify effective and enabling strategies. Methods A barramarrany (Aboriginal family) affected by recurring TB partnered with TB and Environmental Health teams using a participatory action research (PAR) methodology to improve housing health hardware and nutrition alongside biomedical TB prevention and care. A combination of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion; the International ‘End TB’ Strategy; and Aboriginal barramarrany leadership, worldviews and traditional values guided actions to reduce TB transmission. Results Together the partners improved housing hardware and access to nutritious food, so the barramarrany could create a setting for good health and wellbeing. These actions supported the barramarrany to regain the physical, social and emotional wellbeing to deal with day-to-day challenges and stresses. The barramarrany were able to better sustain supportive relationships; grow, prepare and eat healthy food; and participate in healthcare activities. The barramarrany could better engage with medical approaches for TB and four barramarrany members completed TB treatment. The PAR action-project enabled and supported early TB diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Conclusion Amplifying the voices of Aboriginal people and shared ownership of TB diagnosis, treatment and prevention by the barramarrany, was underpinned with principles of self-determination, capacity building and social justice. This PAR action-project provides further evidence that improving housing and nutrition can assist in Ending TB while improving wellbeing. So what? Our action-research project undertaken within a PAR framework demonstrates the implementation of End TB Strategies by utilising the Ottawa Charter’s five actions to promote health, by understanding and centralising the social determinants of health

CREB-binding protein/p300 co-activation of crystallin gene expression

Although some of the transcription factors that are required for expression of crystallins during lens development have been identified, the molecular interactions that contribute to enhanced crystallin expression are not yet well defined. In this study, we designed experiments to test whether the co-activators CREB-binding protein (CBP) and/or p300 interact with c-Maf, Prox-1, or Sox-1 to enhance transcription of crystallin genes. Promoter regions from the mouse alphaA-, betaB2-, and gammaF-crystallin genes were linked to a luciferase reporter. Expression of c-Maf transactivated each of these promoters. Of particular interest, co-expression of CBP or p300 with c-Maf was found to synergistically co-activate each promoter. CBP and p300 were less effective or ineffective at co-activation with Prox-1 or Sox-1. Co-immunoprecipitation and mammalian two-hybrid experiments revealed that CBP and p300 bind to c-Maf and Prox-1 but not to Sox-1. The co-activation of c-Maf by CBP/p300 requires histone acetyltransferase activity. Our results suggest that c-Maf recruits CBP and/or p300 to crystallin promoters leading to up-regulation of crystallin gene expression through localized histone acetylation and consequent chromatin re-modeling. In a promoter-specific fashion, co-activation can be modulated by Prox-1 and/or Sox-1. This modulation may help to specify the endogenous levels of crystallin gene expression

Controlling Techocracy Citizen Rationality and the NIMBY Syndrome

xi, 168 hlm,;14,5 x 22,

Controlling Technocracy: Citizen Rationality and the Nimby Syndrome

xi, 168 hlm.; 23x 15 c

Controlling Techocracy Citizen Rationality and the NIMBY Syndrome

xi, 168 hlm,;14,5 x 22,

rivalry. They use spectral techniques to estimate their models, rather than Kalman filtering used

this paper, which was presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, August 31-September 3, 1995, Chicago, Illinois. Williams and McGinnis (1992) conduct a dynamic factor analysis to estimate super-powe

Replication data for: Using Approval of the President’s Handling of the Economy to Understand Who Polarizes and Why

These data include monthly evaluations of the president's handling of the economy for high, middle, and low education Democrats, Republicans, and independents

Two cell microwave complex permittivity measurement system

Bibliography: p. 120-124

Can a system dynamics model of the emergency department show which levers reduce bottlenecks and delays to improve access to care?

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate through practical application how a system dynamics (SD) patient flow model of an emergency department (ED) can show which levers effectively reduce backlogs to improve access to care. Overcrowded EDs are struggling to meet demand and access targets. In 2016 and 2017, in the UK and Australia, respectively, 15% and 28% of arrivals waited longer than the targeted 4-hr treatment time. Historically, simulation models that have informed access to emergency care have ignored the wider systems impacts. There is a growing awareness of the value of systems analysis tools for informing interventions and policy. In this study, we constructed a pilot system dynamics patient flow model, where the scope was the ambulatory and ambulance patient arrivals, the ED processes for acute and fast-track pathways, pathology and radiology services, the ED short-stay unit, and the Medical Assessment Planning Inpatient Unit. Patients queued to access constrained ED resources (doctors and beds) and diagnostic services (pathology and X-ray). The model was tested on actual data from five separate historical periods spanning 3 years. The resultant daily pattern of peaks and troughs in patient flow and system delays accurately replicated patterns in actual patient flows, resource use, and the location of delays. "What if" scenario analysis (b) simulated how access would have looked in the sample weeks with different intervention strategies, (b) simulated system limits on the basis of current resources, (c) accurately identified levers that historically have been most effective at minimizing ambulance ramping, and (d) identified when additional staffing would fail to improve flow