Nouvelles données sur Phosphatherium escuilliei (Mammalia, Proboscidea) de l'Éocène inférieur du Maroc, apports à la phylogénie des Proboscidea et des ongulés lophodontes 6208 Rabat-Instituts (Maroc)

International audienc

Dasornis toliapica Bourdon & Amaghzaz & Bouya 2010, new combination

<i>Dasornis toliapica</i> (Owen, 1873), new combination <p> <i>Odontopteryx toliapica</i> Owen, 1873.</p> <p> <i>Macrodontopteryx oweni</i> Harrison and Walker, 1976.</p> <p> <i>Neptuniavis minor</i> Harrison and Walker, 1977.</p> <p>REFERRED MATERIAL: OCP.DEK/GE 534B, distal part of right tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1001, fragments of cranium; OCP.DEK/GE 1002, proximal part of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1003, incomplete proximal part of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1005, proximal part of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1011, distal part of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1012, proximal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1013, fragment of shaπ of humerus + fragment of shaπ of ulna + distal part of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1017, distal part of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1018, distal part of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1020, incomplete distal end of right tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1024, fragment of shaπ of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1026, fragment of shaπ of humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1029, fragment of distal part of right tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1034, distal part of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1035, distal part of right ulna; OCP. DEK/GE 1038, distal part of right carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1039, incomplete proximal part of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1042, incomplete cranium; OCP.DEK/GE 1043, incomplete cranium; OCP.DEK/GE 1044, incomplete cranium; OCP.DEK/GE 1045, shaπ of right femur; OCP.DEK/GE 1048, proximal part of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1051, fragment of shaπ of ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1055, fragment of shaπ of leπ radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1056, fragment of shaπ of right radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1058, distal end of right radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1068, fragment of shaπ of right radius close to distal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1070, nearly complete right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1071, distal part of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1073, fragments of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1075, distal end of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1076, incomplete cranium; OCP.DEK/GE 1079, distal part of leπ ulna lacking extremity; OCP.DEK/GE 1080, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1081, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1082, fragment of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1083, proximal part of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1086, proximal part of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1088, three fragments of right coracoideum; OCP.DEK/GE 1090, fragments of distal part of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1091, fragments of distal part of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1092, fragment of shaπ of radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1100, fragment of shaπ of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1101, distal part of right carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1102, distal part of right carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1105, proximal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1107, fragment of shaπ and incomplete distal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1108, fragment of shaπ of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1110, distal part of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1112, fragment of major metacarpal of right carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1114, fragments of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1115, proximal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1116, fragment of shaπ of leπ humerus in proximal half; OCP.DEK/GE 1118, distal end of right radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1121, fragment of shaπ of radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1122, fragment of shaπ of carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1124, fragment of shaπ of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1125, distal part of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1126, proximal end of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1128, fragment of shaπ of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1135, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1137, fragment of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1138, fragment of shaπ of radius + distal part of right carpometacarpus; OCP. DEK/GE 1139, fragment of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1140, distal end of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1141, fragment of shaπ of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1142, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1144, fragment of distal end of right femur; OCP. DEK/GE 1146, distal end of leπ tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1147, distal end of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1148, fragment of shaπ of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1149, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1150, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna close to proximal end; OCP.DEK/ GE 1152, proximal end of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1153, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna + fragment of shaπ of radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1155, fragment of shaπ of leπ tarsometatarsus close to distal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1157, fragment of shaπ of right radius close to distal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1160, fragment of shaπ of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1161, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1163, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1164, several fragments of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1166, portion of right mandible; OCP.DEK/ GE 1168, fragment of shaπ of humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1171, incomplete distal part of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1172, leπ carpometacarpus with incomplete extremities; OCP.DEK/ GE 1173A, proximal part of leπ humerus with incomplete end; OCP.DEK/GE 1174, fragment of shaπ of right tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1175, proximal part of leπ radius with incomplete end; OCP.DEK/GE 1176, nearly complete right tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1179, proximal part of right humerus lacking extremity; OCP.DEK/GE 1180, fragment of right humerus close to proximal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1182, incomplete distal end of right tarsometatarsus; OCP. DEK/GE 1183, incomplete proximal part of right humerus + shaπ of ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1185, portion of maxilla close to proximal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1187, fragments of shaπ of leπ humerus close to proximal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1188, fragments of proximal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1190, shaπ of right tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1192, distal end of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1193, distal end of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1194, proximal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1195, distal part of right humerus and proximal part of leπ coracoideum; OCP.DEK/GE 1197, proximal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/ GE 1198, distal part of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1199, fragment of shaπ of right radius close to distal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1203, incomplete distal end of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1204, distal part of right tibiotarsus lacking extremity; OCP.DEK/GE 1205, fragment of shaπ of right humerus close to distal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1206, distal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP. DEK/GE 1207, fragment of shaπ of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1209, several fragments of incomplete leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1210, fragment of shaπ of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/ GE 1212, proximal part of leπ radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1213, fragment of shaπ of radius; OCP. DEK/GE 1216, proximal end of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1217, fragment of shaπ of right femur; OCP.DEK/GE 1218, distal part of leπ humerus with incomplete end; OCP.DEK/GE 1219, fragment of shaπ of ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1222, fragment of shaπ of right humerus; OCP. DEK/GE 1223, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1227, fragment of shaπ of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1228, fragment of shaπ of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1229, proximal end of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1230, fragment of cranium and fragment of maxilla embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/GE 1233, complete right humerus embedded in matrix; OCP. DEK/GE 1235, distal end of right tarsometatarsus embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/GE 1238, cranium embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/GE 1240, complete right humerus embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/GE 1241, complete right carpometacarpus embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/ GE 1243, fragment of shaπ of right ulna embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/GE 1244, fragment of shaπ of ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1246, distal end of leπ humerus + fragment of shaπ of ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1250, fragment of shaπ of ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1255, distal part of right carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1256, distal part of leπ tibiotarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1257, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1258, fragment of shaπ of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1260, fragment of shaπ of ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1262, fragment of shaπ of right ulna; OCP. DEK/GE 1264, fragment of shaπ of humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1265, fragment of shaπ of leπ radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1270, fragment of shaπ of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1272, distal end of leπ tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1274, fragment of shaπ of humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1275, distal end of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1283, proximal part of leπ ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1287, cranium embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/GE 1289, complete leπ humerus embedded in matrix; OCP.DEK/GE 1293, distal end of leπ tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1294, distal end of leπ tarsometatarsus; OCP.DEK/GE 1298, proximal part of right radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1299, distal part of right ulna lacking extremity; OCP.DEK/GE 1314, fragment of shaπ of humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1316, incomplete proximal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1324, incomplete proximal part of right humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1326, proximal part of leπ radius; OCP. DEK/GE 1327, distal part of right radius; MHNL 20-149211, distal part of right humerus; MHNL 20-149212, shaπ of leπ humerus; MHNL 20-149213, fragment of shaπ of leπ humerus; MHNL 20-149214, distal part of right humerus; MHNL 20-149215, leπ ulna + fragment of shaπ of radius; MHNL 20-149216, fragments of shaπ of leπ humerus with incomplete distal end; MHNL 20-149217, fragment of shaπ of leπ ulna close to distal end; MHNL 20-149218, distal part of right ulna; MHNL 20-149219, fragment of shaπ of leπ radius in proximal part; MHNL 20-149220, two fragments of distal part of leπ ulna; MHNL 20-149221, fragment of shaπ of right ulna; MHNL 20-149227, fragment of shaπ of right ulna; MHNL 20-149228, fragment of shaπ of leπ humerus + fragment of shaπ of ulna; MHNL 20-149229, incomplete proximal part of leπ humerus; MHNL 20-149231, partial leπ tarsometatarsus; MHNL 20-149234, fragment of shaπ of leπ humerus; MHNL 20-149235, incomplete distal part of leπ ulna; MHNL 20-149236, fragments of shaπ of humerus + fragment of distal end of leπ ulna; MHNL 20-149237, incomplete distal part of leπ ulna; MHNL 20-149238, complete right tibiotarsus; D1-0027B, incomplete cranium; D1-0027C, incomplete cranium with portion of proximal maxilla; D1-0027D, incomplete cranium; D1-0027E, distal end of maxilla; MHNMKhg 10, leπ humerus embedded in matrix.</p> <p>LOCALITIES: Ouled Abdoun Basin (Morocco): Sidi Daoui (including Krupp, PH 2, RP13, TS and TZ5 areas); Recette IV; southern Meraa El Arech (Lahou area); Sidi Chennane (M1S2, M8, M11 and R6–R7 areas).</p> <p>STRATIGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: Bed IIa, Thanetian, Upper Paleocene; intercalary beds II/I, basal Ypresian, lowermost Eocene; bed I, Ypresian, Lower Eocene.</p> <p> AMENDED DIAGNOSIS (from Harrison and Walker, 1976): Albatross-sized odontopterygiform with a wingspan of 2 to 3 m; differs from <i>Dasornis emuinus</i> in the following features: much smaller size; cranium, sutura frontoparietalis less pronounced, forming barely distinguishable groove; lamina parasphenoidalis caudorostrally longer; caudal extension of cotyla quadratica otici shorter and not twisted ventrally; foramen pneumaticum dorsale larger; laterosphenoid hollow square in shape, bounded medially by conspicuous prominentia lobi optici; tibiotarsus with shorter sulcus musculi fibularis.</p> <p>MEASUREMENTS: See tables 1 and 2.</p>Published as part of <i>Bourdon, Estelle, Amaghzaz, Mbarek & Bouya, Baâdi, 2010, Pseudotoothed Birds (Aves, Odontopterygiformes) from the Early Tertiary of Morocco, pp. 1-72 in American Museum Novitates 2010 (3704)</i> on pages 5-9, DOI: 10.1206/3704.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4597660">http://zenodo.org/record/4597660</a&gt

Early Tertiary pseudotoothed birds.

71 p. : ill., map ; 26 cm. "December 20, 2010."We describe here new specimens of pseudotoothed birds (Odontopterygiformes) from the Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene of the Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco. These Lower Paleogene fossils are among the oldest representatives of the Odontopterygiformes and include braincases, beak fragments, and long bones. Dasornis toliapica (Owen, 1873) (2-3 m wingspan) and Dasornis emuinus (Bowerbank, 1854) (3.5-4.5 m wingspan) were initially described from the Lower Eocene London Clay of Sheppey, England. The new species Dasornis abdoun (1.5-1.7 m wingspan) constitutes the smallest species of pseudotoothed bird ever discovered. We partly revise the oversplit taxonomy of the odontopterygiforms: the two species from the Paleogene of England and Morocco are regarded as congeneric, the name Dasornis having priority over the name Odontopteryx. We also synonymize Neptuniavis minor Harrison and Walker, 1977, and Macrodontopteryx oweni Harrison and Walker, 1976, with D. toliapica (Owen, 1873). Moreover, the genera Pelagornis Lartet, 1857, and Osteodontornis Howard, 1957, are regarded as pertaining to one single taxonomic entity that corresponds to the Pelagornis morphotype. In Dasornis, the morphological peculiarities of the humerus that are related to gliding flight are less pronounced than in Pelagornis. The latter taxon includes exceedingly specialized gliders that were most likely unable of sustained flapping flight and relied almost entirely on winds to provide lift. Pseudotoothed birds pertaining to the Dasornis morphotype were more generalists and could probably undertake flapping flight, even if limited. The species of Dasornis were soaring pelagic feeders that could disperse over large territories like extant albatrosses. They formed large breeding colonies near the shore of the northeastern part of the Moroccan phosphate sea, some 55 million years ago. Our work provides evidence that Dasornis was widespread in the early Tertiary, as it is currently known from the Lower Paleogene deposits of Morocco, England, and Kazakhstan. Paleoenvironmental studies show that these marine deposits formed in a tropical climate. This could explain the occurrence of both Dasornis and prophaethontids in all three Paleogene localities

Dasornis abdoun Bourdon & Amaghzaz & Bouya 2010, sp. nov.

<i>Dasornis abdoun,</i> sp. nov., Bourdon <p>ETYMOLOGY: Refers to the phosphate basin where the holotype was found.</p> <p>HOLOTYPE: OCP.DEK/GE 1033, incomplete right humerus.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY: Ouled Abdoun Basin, Sidi Daoui (southeast of TS area, 32°50′87 N and 06°38′48 W: see Gheerbrant et al., 2003).</p> <p>TYPE HORIZON: Intercalary beds II/I (level 13), basal Ypresian, Lower Eocene (see Gheerbrant et al., 2003).</p> <p>REFERRED MATERIAL: OCP.DEK/GE 1016, distal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/ GE 1021, distal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1022, incomplete distal end and fragment of shaπ of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1030, distal part of leπ radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1031, proximal part of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1096, fragment of shaπ of right femur; OCP. DEK/GE 1151, fragment of shaπ of right tibiotarsus close to proximal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1158, distal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1191, fragment of shaπ of right tibiotarsus; MHNL 20-149225, distal end of leπ humerus.</p> <p>LOCALITIES: Ouled Abdoun Basin, Sidi Daoui (Krupp, RP13 and TS areas).</p> <p>HORIZONS: Intercalary beds II/I, basal Ypresian, Lower Eocene.</p> <p> DIAGNOSIS: Gannet-sized odontopterygiform with a wingspan of 1.5–1.7 m that differs from <i>D. emuinus</i> and <i>D. toliapica</i> in the following features: much smaller size; humerus, distal almond-shaped foramen pneumaticum absent; intumescentia humeri displaced proximally and more developed; ulna, papillae remigales caudales smooth and narrow; radius, convexity cranial to sulcus tendinosus more prominent with a more strongly curved edge; carpometacarpus, os metacarpale majus caudocranially flattened.</p> <p>MEASUREMENTS: See table 2.</p>Published as part of <i>Bourdon, Estelle, Amaghzaz, Mbarek & Bouya, Baâdi, 2010, Pseudotoothed Birds (Aves, Odontopterygiformes) from the Early Tertiary of Morocco, pp. 1-72 in American Museum Novitates 2010 (3704)</i> on page 49, DOI: 10.1206/3704.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4597660">http://zenodo.org/record/4597660</a&gt

Mosasauridae GERVAIS 1853

MOSASAURIDAE GERVAIS, 1853 HALISAURINAE BARDET & PEREDA SUBERBIOLA, NEW TAXON <p> <i>Definition</i>: Mosasauridae more closely related to <i>Halisaurus</i> than to <i>Mosasaurus</i>.</p> <p> <i>Diagnosis</i>: Unambiguous characters: premaxilla– maxilla sutural contact vertical anteriorly, oblique at midpoint and horizontal posteriorly; contact plane between the parietal and the supratemporal oblique; preaxial ridge extending on two-thirds of the length of the radius; tibia and fibula long and slender with slightly expanded extremities. Ambiguous characters: dorsal median ridge borne on the anterior two-thirds of the frontal; frontal with ventral boss; parietal foramen surrounded by a ventral boss; quadrate with large infrastapedial process; coalescent infra- and suprastapedial processes of quadrate; zygosphene– zygantrum complex absent; synapophyses of the cervical vertebrae extending ventrally to the ventral surface of the centrum; fused haemal spines.</p>Published as part of <i>Bardet, Nathalie, Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda, Iarochene, Mohamed, Bouya, Baadi & Amaghzaz, Mbarek, 2005, A new species of Halisaurus from the Late Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, and the phylogenetical relationships of the Halisaurinae (Squamata: Mosasauridae), pp. 447-472 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 143 (3)</i> on page 464, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00152.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4687311">http://zenodo.org/record/4687311</a&gt

Halisaurus PLATYSPONDYLUS MARSH 1869

<i>HALISAURUS</i> MARSH, 1869 <p> 1869 <i>Macrosaurus</i> Marsh, oral communication (in Marsh, 1869: 395).</p> <p> 1869 <i>Halisaurus</i> Marsh, p. 395.</p> <p> 1870 <i>Baptosaurus</i> Marsh, p. 3.</p> <p> 1889 <i>Phosphorosaurus</i> Dollo, p. 68.</p> <p> <i>Type species</i>: <i>Halisaurus platyspondylus</i> Marsh, 1869.</p> <p> <i>Geographical and stratigraphical occurrences</i>: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of eastern North America (Baird, 1986), Europe (Lingham-Soliar, 1996), Africa (this work) and, probably, the Middle East (Bardet & Pereda Suberbiola, 2002; this work).</p> <p> <i>Emended diagnosis</i>: Unambiguous characters: frontal with posteromedial dorsal triangular area; articular with large conical buttress just posterior to glenoid; cervical vertebral articulations subrectangular (height: width = 1: 2). Ambiguous characters: premaxilla–maxilla suture located between the 4th and 9th maxillary teeth (convergent in <i>Tylosaurus</i> and Mosasaurinae); prefrontal with small supraorbital ridge (convergent in <i>Platecarpus</i> and <i>Plioplatecarpus</i>); frontal with sinusoidal lateral margins (convergent in <i>Plioplatecarpus</i>, <i>Platecarpus</i>, <i>Clidastes</i>); large parietal foramen (convergent in <i>Platecarpus</i>) located close to the frontal–parietal suture (convergent in <i>Platecarpus</i>, <i>Prognathodon</i> and Mosasaurinae); supraoccipital fused to the parietal; prootic with small otosphenoidal crest (convergent in <i>Platecarpus</i>, <i>Prognathodon</i>, <i>Clidastes</i>); posteriorly convex surangular–articular lateral suture (convergent in <i>Aigialosaurus</i>); teeth delicate, abruptly posteriorly recurved and finely striated (convergent with <i>Plioplatecarpus</i>, <i>Platecarpus</i>, <i>Clidastes</i>).</p>Published as part of <i>Bardet, Nathalie, Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda, Iarochene, Mohamed, Bouya, Baadi & Amaghzaz, Mbarek, 2005, A new species of Halisaurus from the Late Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, and the phylogenetical relationships of the Halisaurinae (Squamata: Mosasauridae), pp. 447-472 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 143 (3)</i> on page 464, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00152.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4687311">http://zenodo.org/record/4687311</a&gt

Eonatator STERNBERGII (WIMAN 1920

<i>EONATATOR STERNBERGII</i> (WIMAN, 1920) COMB. NOV. <p> <i>Holotype</i>: UPI R 163, a nearly complete skeleton described by Wiman (1920).</p> <p> <i>Type locality and horizon</i>: Smoky Hill Member, Niobrara Chalk, Santonian (Late Cretaceous), Kansas (USA).</p> <p> <i>Referred specimen</i>: USNM 3777, incomplete skeleton, Smoky Hill Member, Niobrara Chalk, Santonian (Late Cretaceous), Beaver Creek, Logan County, Kansas (USA) (Russell, 1967: 126).</p> <p> <i>Emended diagnosis</i>: Ambiguous characters: premaxilla–maxilla lateral suture ending posterior to the 9th maxillary teeth; tail about 40% of the head and trunk length (convergent in mosasaurines); caudal vertebra length greater than width; fewer than four pygal vertebrae; femur length about twice distal width (convergent in <i>Clidastes</i>). Autapomorphies: parietal with smooth triangular table extending very far posteriorly, bearing medium-sized circular foramen, located at distance twice its diameter from the frontal–parietal suture, and surrounded anteriorly and posteriorly by two parallel ridges; rounded quadrate with regularly convex tympanic ala; vertebral formula: seven cervicals, 24 dorsals, four pygals, 28 median caudals and at least 41 terminal caudals; humerus length approximately 2.5¥ distal width.</p>Published as part of <i>Bardet, Nathalie, Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda, Iarochene, Mohamed, Bouya, Baadi & Amaghzaz, Mbarek, 2005, A new species of Halisaurus from the Late Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, and the phylogenetical relationships of the Halisaurinae (Squamata: Mosasauridae), pp. 447-472 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 143 (3)</i> on page 465, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00152.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4687311">http://zenodo.org/record/4687311</a&gt