Internal hernia: isolated small intestinal peritoneal encapsulation, a rare cause of acute intestinal obstruction in adolescent: a case report

Intestinal peritoneal encapsulation as the sole cause of acute intestinal obstruction in adolescent is rare. It poses a diagnostic dilemma where there is lack of high technological equipment to aid diagnosis, usually confirmed at surgery. A good knowledge of this condition will raise the index of suspicion and guide prompt surgical intervention, thus this report.Keywords: acute intestinal obstruction, adolescent, peritoneal encapsulatio

Catheter introducer aided percutaneous suprapubic cystostomy: description, and precautions

INTRODUCTIONAcute urinary retention is a urological emergencythat requires immediate urinary bladderdecompression through the most expedient route.We have identified catheter introducer aidedpercutaneous suprapubic cystostomy (SPC) to be aprocedure of choice when there is a failed urethralcatheterization. METHODOLOGYStep by step approach to the procedure of catheterintroducer aided percutaneous SPC includingimportant precautions and illustrative pictures arepresented. CONCLUSIONSpeed, safety and reduced cost are the majorbenefits of catheter introducer aided percutaneousSPC in a developing region of the world. Patients andmaterials selection are keys to reducingcomplications

Ultrasound measurements of testicular volume: Comparing the three common formulas with the true testicular volume determined by water displacement

Objective: To determine the accuracy of various ultrasound formulas for measuring the testicular volume in humans by comparing the resultant measurements with the actual testicular volume. Subjects and methods: The testicular volume of 121 testes from 62 patients with prostate cancer (mean age 72.7 ± 9.4) was measured using ultrasonography before therapeutic bilateral orchidectomy. The ultrasound measurements of the testicular volume were calculated using the following three formulas: (a) length (L) × width (W) × height (H) × 0.52; (b) L × W2 × 0.52 and (c) L × W × H × 0.71. The actual testicular volume was determined by water displacement of the testis. Results: The mean actual testicular volume was 10.6 ± 3.5 ml. A strong correlation was found between the actual testicular volume and the volume calculated by the three-ultrasound formulas (r = 0.853–0.871, p = 0.0001). The smallest mean difference from the actual testicular volume was observed with the formula L × W × H × 0.71, which underestimated the actual volume by 0.4 ml (3.9%). Conclusion: The results of this study show that ultrasonography and the formula L × W × H × 0.71 are the most accurate method for the calculation of the testicular volume

Efficacy of single dose ciprofloxacin versus ceftriaxone in the prevention of prostate biopsy related infection.pdf

Background: Prostate cancer is a major health concern world over, being the second most common neoplasm in men and the sixth commonest cause of cancer related death in the entire world. Trans-rectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy is the gold standard technique for prostate cancer diagnosis. Prostate biopsy is associated with risk of urinary tract infection. Objective: This study aims to compare efficacy of ciprofloxacin with that of ceftriaxone in reducing post-prostate biopsy infection. &nbsp

Synchronous bilateral ureteral ligation and urinary bladder injuries following emergency hysterectomies: Early surgical intervention is a resuscitatory measure.

Synchronous iatrogenic ureteral and bladder injuriesfollowing emergency pelvic surgeries, thoughuncommon, cause morbidities and mortalities. Theyare potential causes of severe and debilitatingobstructive nephropathies as well as avoidablelitigations in surgical practice. Delay at initiatingsurgical treatment worsens outcome. Management isextremely challenging with attendant complications.We report two cases of iatrogenic bilateral ureteralligation with synchronous posterior urinary bladderlacerations. Both patients developed anuria at theimmediate post-operative period, with worseningbilateral flank pains, abdominal distension, leakageof urine per vaginam and poor performance status.Both patients were uremic. Emergency exploratorylaparotomies were done, with release of ligatures,stenting of both ureters and repair of bladder wall.Accurate diagnosis with early surgical intervention islifesaving