13 research outputs found
Immediate or delayed retrieval of the displaced third molar : A review
The displacement of a third molar is a rare occurrence, but it could lead to serious and/or life threatening complication. Aim of this review is to understand the most correlated causes of displacement and the possible solutions proposed in literature to avoid and solve this complication for maxillary and mandibular third molars at the appropriate time. A search for ?third molar displacement? was performed by using Pubmed database. Articles referred to soft tissues displacement, from 1957 to 2018, were included in the review. The references lists of all eligible articles were examined and additional studies were added to the review only if indexed on Pubmed. All the articles on maxillary sinus displacement and the dislocation of dental fragments or surgical equipment were excluded. From a total of 134 results, 68 articles were examined for satisfying inclusion criteria. 18 articles were excluded because not inherent with the topic; 19 articles on infratemporal space, 11 on sublingual space, 9 on submandibular space, 11 on lateral pharyngeal space displacement were considered congruent for the review and included. The displacement of the third molar in deeper tissues could be avoided by the use of proper surgical procedures and instrumentarium. If displacement occurs, and the operator could not reach the tooth in safe conditions, the patient should be immediately referred to a maxillo-facial surgeon, because of the possibility of further displacement or the onset of hazardous or potentially fatal infections in vital regions
Postextractive alveolar ridge preservation using L-PRF: clinical and histological evaluation
Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) is an autologous platelet concentrate rich in growth factors and plasma proteins, obtained by centrifugation of patient whole blood, and widely used in oral surgery. This report describes a case of alveolar ridge preservation with L-PRF membranes. Postextractive alveolar healing was then assessed through a histologic and histomorphometric analysis. A patient requiring tooth extraction and subsequent implant rehabilitation was treated with simple extraction and socket filling with L-PRF membranes. Implant placement was performed at 3 months, and a bone biopsy was obtained for histomorphometric analysis. Histological examination of the grafted sites showed that the use of L-PRF could achieve good results in terms of bone dimension and quality and soft tissue healing. The results of this study support the use of L-PRF membranes to preserve hard and soft tissues after tooth extraction
The prevention of implant surface alterations in the treatment of reri-implantitis: comparison of three different mechanical and physical treatments
The surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is currently based on the removal of biofilms from the implant surface by primary means of mechanical and physical treatments. However, such approaches often determine some alterations of the implant surface with detrimental effects on re-osseointegration. This study aims to evaluate the effects of four different mechanical and physical treatments on titanium samples with moderately rough surface. Air powder abrasion (AP) with glycine powder, a titanium brush (TB) and a diode laser at 3 W (L3) and 4 W (L4) were tested. Surface morphology, roughness and chemical composition were then assessed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), white light interferometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The microscopic analysis revealed significant alterations in surface morphology on TB samples, while AP and L3 had only a minor or null impact. L4 samples revealed signs of overheating due to the excessive power. Nevertheless, the overall roughness of the samples was not significantly altered in terms of roughness parameters. Similarly, surface chemical composition was not significantly affected by the treatments. Among the treatments tested in this study, air powder abrasion with glycine powder and 3 W diode laser had the lowest impact on surface physicochemical properties.
Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and its related products: biomolecular characterization of the liquid fibrinogen
Liquid fibrinogen is an injectable platelet concentrate rich in platelets, leukocytes, and fibrinogen obtained by blood centrifugation. The aim of this study was to analyze the release of different growth factors in the liquid fibrinogen at different times and to assess possible correlations between growth factors and cell counts. The concentration of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) released by liquid fibrinogen were examined with ELISA at three time points (T0, time of collection; T7, 7 days; T14, 14 days). The cellular content of the liquid fibrinogen and whole blood was also calculated for each volunteer. A mean accumulation of platelets of almost 1.5-fold in liquid fibrinogen compared to whole blood samples was found. An increase of TGF-β1, PDGF-AB, FGF-2, and VEGF levels was detected at T7. At T14, the level of TGF-β1 returned to T0 level; PDGF-AB amount remained high; the levels of FGF-2 and VEGF decreased with respect to T7, but remained higher than the T0 levels; PDGF-BB was high at all time points; BMP-2 level was low and remained constant at all time points. TGF-β1, PDGF-AB, and PDGF-BB showed a correlation with platelet amount, whereas BMP-2, FGF-2, and VEGF showed a mild correlation with platelet amount. Due to the high concentration of platelets, liquid fibrinogen does contain important growth factors for the regeneration of both soft and hard tissue. The centrifugation protocol tested in this study provides a valid solution to stimulate wound healing in oral and periodontal surgery
Dipingere con le parole. L'arte verbale e pittorica di Sylvia Plath.
L'elaborato ha come tema centrale l'analisi della vita e dell'opera di Sylvia Plath, scrittrice e poetessa statunitense. L'analisi viene condotta dal punto di vista artistico, in quanto Plath fu anche un'originale pittrice. Questa vena artistica si può ritrovare nel modo in cui si esprime intimamente nei diari, nel romanzo The Bell Jar, e in particolare nella produzione poetica, ricca di immagini, simboli e colori. L’obiettivo è quello di sottolineare lo stretto legame che sussiste nella scrittrice tra arte e letteratura, e anche di dimostrare come, oltre all’ombra fatale che circonda la biografia di Sylvia Plath, la sua esistenza e produzione conoscessero altre molteplici sfumature di colore. Nella tesi sono presenti cinque capitoli: nel primo viene presentata la biografia e l'attività letteraria dell'autrice, con riferimenti ai capitoli essenziali della ricezione critica e agli snodi essenziali della poetica plathiana. Il secondo capitolo è dedicato all'attività pittorica di Sylvia, al suo rapporto con l'arte, i pittori e le loro tele. Qui, sono inseriti anche i suoi dipinti e un breve riferimento alla figlia Frieda, che continuò la tradizione della madre. Il terzo, quarto e quinto capitolo sono dedicati all'analisi rispettivamente dei diari, del romanzo e delle poesie. Viene considerato il livello visivo-cromatico dell'arte verbale, le corrispondenze tra poetica e arte figurativa, e le costanti iconiche relative all'imagery sia della produzione pittorica sia nella componente poetica di Plath. Lo scopo della tesi è stato quello di riconoscere l'ombra e la luce nella figura di Sylvia, considerando i toni scuri che si evincono dalla sua biografia come risultato della forte luce emanata dalla scrittrice nella sua produzione estetica.
The thesis has as its central theme the analysis of the life and work of Sylvia Plath, American writer and poet. The analysis is conducted from an artistic point of view, as Plath was also an original painter. This artistic vein can be found in the way it expresses itself intimately in the diaries, in the novel The Bell Jar, and in particular in the poetic production, rich in images, symbols and colors. The aim is to underline the close link that exists in the writer between art and literature, and also to demonstrate how, in addition to the fatal shadow that surrounds the biography of Sylvia Plath, her existence and production knew many other nuances of color. In the thesis there are five chapters: the first presents the author's biography and literary activity, with references to the essential chapters of critical reception and to the essential junctions of Plath's poetics. The second chapter is dedicated to Sylvia's pictorial activity, to her relationship with art, painters, and their canvases. The third, fourth and fifth chapters are dedicated to the analysis of the diaries, the novel, and the poems. It is considered the visual-chromatic level of verbal art, the correspondences between poetics and figurative art, and the iconic constants relating to the imagery both of the pictorial production and in Plath's poetic component. The purpose of the thesis was to recognize the shadow and the light in the figure of Sylvia, considering the dark tones that emerge from her biography as a result of the strong light emanating from the writer in her aesthetic production
Efficacy of Topical Treatments for the Management of Symptomatic Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucosal inflammatory disease associated with T-cell-mediated immunological dysfunction. Symptomatic OLP is a painful condition, and complete healing is often not achieved. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of topical drugs, medications, and other interventions compared to placebo or to other treatments in pain reduction and clinical resolution in adult patients with symptomatic OLP. A detailed electronic literature search was performed through the MEDLINE (PubMed) database between 1 January 2005 and 30 September 2022. Eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and a quality assessment was conducted. From 649 titles, 121 articles were selected as abstracts, 75 papers were assessed as full text, along with 15 other papers obtained through a manual search. A total of 15 RCTs were finally included in the review process. Because of the significant heterogeneity in the study design of the included studies, no meta-analysis of the data could be performed. Topical corticosteroids represent the first-line treatment in the management of symptomatic OLP due to their efficacy and minimal adverse effects. Calcineurin inhibitors seem to be equally effective and are indicated in recalcitrant cases, extensive lesions, patients susceptible to oral candidiasis, or cases unresponsive to corticosteroids. Other treatments, such as aloe vera, chamomile, isotretinoin, ozone, and laser therapy, could be beneficial as adjunct therapies in association with first-line treatments
La necropoli della loc. Basalica di Calvisano (BS) nel quadro dei rituali funerari lombardi dell’età del Rame: un ritrovamento di eccezione?
The Calvisano Basalica cemetery and the copper age funerary practices in Lombardy: a singular recovery? - Two Copper Age funerary traditions are recognized in Lombardy: single inhumation burial pits and collective cave burials. The recent research at Calvisano – Basalica gives us the opportunity to make some comments about this phenomenon: while three inhumation graves can clearly be ascribed to the single burial tradition of the Po Plain, two small mounds inside two large rectangular pits point out the existence of different rituals unknown up to now. One of them is clearly a burial, the second one, according to the micromorphological analysis, was the place of specific rituals characterized by the intentional scattering of many stone and shell beads among the mound layers. This practice seems strictly related to the role played by personal ornaments in the collective cave burials of the Prealpine area.
already present, were never abundant
Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in Oral Surgery: Survey among Italian Dentists
The benefit of an antibiotic prophylaxis for most oral surgical procedures is controversial. The aim of this study was to collect information on the prescribing habits of a sample of Italian dentists with respect to the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing surgical site infections (SSI). An anonymous questionnaire was prepared and made accessible online by sharing a Google Forms link. General anagraphic data and educational background information were collected to obtain a profile of the participants. Different clinical scenarios were then proposed, with the participants asked to choose whether they would prescribe an antibiotic prophylaxis and with which dosage regimens. In total, 169 dentists participated in the questionnaire and the obtained data were assessed through a percentage report. The results showed a substantial agreement in antibiotics prescription, but only in a limited number of clinical scenarios, such as deciduous teeth extraction or simple extractions in healthy adult patients. Discordant responses were found for several clinical cases, particularly for cases of comorbidities, surgical or multiple extractions, implant placement and abscess drainage. The answers obtained from the survey sample were notably heterogeneous, indicating that the choice to prescribe an antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent SSIs is often discretionary. Moreover, the dosage regimen of prophylaxis is also controversial. The results of this study demonstrate the need for specific guidelines on antibiotics in dentistry and, specifically, on antibiotic prophylaxis in oral surgery. Such guidelines would help to avoid unnecessary prescriptions
Prevention of Periodontal Pocket Formation after Mandibular Third Molar Extraction Using Dentin Autologous Graft: A Split Mouth Case Report
Surgical extraction of the third molar can often result in the development of a periodontal pocket distal to the second molar that could delay the healing, and the socket could be colonized by bacteria and lead to secondary abscesses, or it may cause mobility or hypersensitivity. The aim of this case report is to assess the efficacy of a dentin autograft in the prevention of periodontal dehiscences after the surgical extraction of the third molar, obtained by the immediate grinding of the extracted tooth. A healthy 18-year-old male patient underwent surgery of both impacted mandibular molars: right postextractive socket was filled with grinded dentin; then, the left one was filled with fibrin sponge. The patient was followed up for six months, and clinical and radiographic assessment were performed: measurements of plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing pocket depth (PPD) were done before surgery and repeated at 90 and 180 days after the extractions. Measurements made at six months after the surgery revealed that the grafted site was characterized by a minor depth of the pocket if compared with the nongrafted site, with no clinical/radiographic signs of complications
Autologous Dentin Graft after Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Extraction to Prevent Periodontal Pocket Formation—A Split-Mouth Pilot Study
This preliminary study aims to evaluate the efficacy of an autologous dentin graft in preventing periodontal defects after impacted or semi-impacted lower third molars’ (M3) surgical extraction. For this purpose, radiographic and periodontal evaluation of post-extractive sockets were performed. Ten patients were enrolled in the study: twenty M3 extraction sockets were treated with a split-mouth modality. After tooth extraction, the experimental sites were filled with autologous dentin graft obtained by the extracted M3, while the control sites were filled with blood clot alone. Flaps were closed by first intention to ensure the stability of the wounds. Post-extractive sites were monitored at days 15, 90 and 180. The healing was not affected by any complications associated with the use of the autologous dentine graft in all cases. The measurements recorded at six months showed a reduction of the probing pocket depth distal to the second lower molar (M2) at both surgical sites, with a greater reduction observed at the experimental sites. Radiographic evaluation also showed a greater amount of bone gain at the grafted sites compared to the control sites. The results of this preliminary study suggest that autologous dentin grafts can be useful in preventing the formation of periodontal defects distal to M2 after M3 surgical extraction