The circle and the square: steatite exploitation for personal ornaments manufacturing during the middle neolithic in northern Italy

The paper offers an analysis of the employment of steatite in western Emilia during the Middle Neolithic connected with personal ornaments manufacturing. Steatite is a soft rock easy to work outcropping in the ophiolitic masses of the northern Apennines mountain range. The study presents the archaeological remains recovered in Square Mouth Pottery culture settlements and graves dated between 5000/4900 and 4300 BC. The steatite artefacts comprise mainly beads and pendants, as well as waste remains, rough-outs and blanks. The analysis focuses on types diffusion, manufacturing remains and working techniques

I siti di via Spezia (Benefizio e via Guidorossi) e Pontetaro a Parma nel quadro della cultura dei vasi a bocca quadrata in Emilia occidentale.

Il seguente lavoro si propone di evidenziare i processi formativi e di sviluppo della cultura dei vasi a bocca quadrata in Emilia occidentale, con particolare riferimento al Parmense, sulla base dell’analisi dei materiali provenienti dai siti di recente indagine di Benefizio, via Guidorossi e Pontetaro e da siti minori inediti. Lo studio è stata l’occasione inoltre per revisionare contesti in parte editi come Ponte Ghiara e Gaione. Nel lavoro sono prese in considerazione sia le produzioni materiali (ceramica e litica scheggiata e levigata) che gli aspetti funerari e rituali

People, dogs and wild game: evidence of human-animal relations from Middle Neolithic burials and personal ornaments in northern Italy

In order to review evidence of human-animal relations, the paper offers an overview of the customs and funerary traditions of the Square Mouthed Pottery culture, between c. 5000 and 4300 calBC. We focus on the importance of domestic and wild animals on the basis of an analysis of grave-goods, funerary rites and personal ornaments. We also consider recent discoveries of peculiar offerings of animals and some dog burials. The evidence testifies to a diffusion of a wild component, symbolically emphasising the importance of the hunter identity in a society where subsistence actually depends primarily on domestic animals. Therefore, a contrast is drawn between the everyday and the symbolic worlds.V razpravi predstavljamo odnose med človekom in živalmi, kot se kažejo v pogrebnih običajih in tradicijah kulture ‘čaš s kvadratnimi ustji’ med c. 5000 in 4300 calBC. S pomočjo analiz grobnih pridatkov, osebnega okrasa in pogrebnih ritualov ocenjujemo pomen domačih in divjih živali. Predstavljamo tudi novejša odkritja daritvenih živali in pokope psov. Opazna je komponenta divjega, ki na simbolni ravni poudarja pomen lovske identitete v kontekstu, v katerem prevladuje gospodarjenje z domačimi živalmi. Poudarjen je kontrast med vsakdanjim in simbolnim svetom

A space-time discontinuous Galerkin method for coupled poroelasticity-elasticity problems

This work is concerned with the analysis of a space-time finite element discontinuous Galerkin method on polytopal meshes (XT-PolydG) for the numerical discretization of wave propagation in coupled poroelastic-elastic media. The mathematical model consists of the low-frequency Biot's equations in the poroelastic medium and the elastodynamics equation for the elastic one. To realize the coupling, suitable transmission conditions on the interface between the two domains are (weakly) embedded in the formulation. The proposed PolydG discretization in space is then coupled with a dG time integration scheme, resulting in a full space-time dG discretization. We present the stability analysis for both the continuous and the semidiscrete formulations, and we derive error estimates for the semidiscrete formulation in a suitable energy norm. The method is applied to a wide set of numerical test cases to verify the theoretical bounds. Examples of physical interest are also presented to investigate the capability of the proposed method in relevant geophysical scenarios

Dispersion-dissipation analysis of 3D continuous and discontinuous spectral element methods for the elastodynamics equation

In this paper we present a three dimensional dispersion and dissipation analysis for both the semi discrete and the fully discrete approximation of the elastodynamics equation based on the plane wave method. For space discretization we compare different approximation strategies, namely the continuous and the discontinuous spectral element method on both tetrahedral and hexahedral elements. For time discretization we employ a leapfrog time integration scheme. Several numerical results are presented and discussed

Numerical modelling of wave propagation phenomena in thermo-poroelastic media via discontinuous Galerkin methods

We present and analyze a high-order discontinuous Galerkin method for the space discretization of the wave propagation model in thermo-poroelastic media. The proposed scheme supports general polytopal grids. Stability analysis and $hp$-version error estimates in suitable energy norms are derived for the semi-discrete problem. The fully-discrete scheme is then obtained based on employing an implicit Newmark-$\beta$ time integration scheme. A wide set of numerical simulations is reported, both for the verification of the theoretical estimates and for examples of physical interest. A comparison with the results of the poroelastic model is provided too, highlighting the differences between the predictive capabilities of the two models

Contatti e scambi tra la cultura serra d'alto e i vasi a bocca quadrata: Il caso delle Ollette tipo San Martino

Il lavoro illustra la distribuzione delle cosiddette ollette San Martino in contesti funerari riconducibili alle culture che si sviluppano durante il V millennio a.C. rispettivamente a Sud e a Nord della penisola italiana. I vasi esaminati, globulari a bocca ristretta e realizzati in ceramica figulina, caratterizzano alcuni corredi funerari della fase più recente della cultura peninsulare di Serra d’Alto, talvolta con connotati di prestigio, e sono presenti anche in diverse sepolture femminili della cultura dei Vasi a Bocca Quadrata in area padana e alpina. L’esatta riproduzione formale del tipo peninsulare e la coerenza dell’uso in contesto funerario rivelano una inattesa condivisione di rituali e di valori simbolici tra due mondi geográficamente distanti

A high-order discontinuous Galerkin method for the poro-elasto-acoustic problem on polygonal and polyhedral grids

The aim of this work is to introduce and analyze a finite element discontinuous Galerkin method on polygonal meshes for the numerical discretization of acoustic waves propagation through poroelastic materials. Wave propagation is modeled by the acoustics equations in the acoustic domain and the low-frequency Biot's equations in the poroelastic one. The coupling is introduced by considering (physically consistent) interface conditions, imposed on the interface between the domains, modeling both open and sealed pores. Existence and uniqueness is proven for the strong formulation based on employing the semigroup theory. For the space discretization we introduce and analyze a high-order discontinuous Galerkin method on polygonal and polyhedral meshes, which is then coupled with Newmark-$\beta$ time integration schemes. A stability analysis both for the continuous problem and the semi-discrete one is presented and error estimates for the energy norm are derived for the semidiscrete problem. A wide set of numerical results obtained on test cases with manufactured solutions are presented in order to validate the error analysis. Examples of physical interest are also presented to test the capability of the proposed methods in practical cases.Comment: The proof of the well-posedness contains an error. This has an impact on the whole paper. We need time to fix the issu