94 research outputs found

    Assessing Hafting Adhesive Efficiency in the Experimental Shooting of Projectile Points: A new Device for Instrumented and Ballistic Experiments

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    International audienceWith the aim of providing better control of shooting experiments performed with replicas of prehistoric projectiles, we have conducted an instrumental archaeology study on the efficiency of prehistoric projectile points by placing emphasis on their adhesion and ballistic characteristics. In order to avoid any reproducibility problems, hafting adhesives were made with controlled mixtures of commercial rosin (also called ‘colophany’) and beeswax added as a plasticizer. An original experimental device has been developed to instrument a bow, allowing the control of both the trajectories and the velocities of the different shoots. In the course of an experimental programme on Sauveterrian microliths from the Mesolithic period of the South of France, the experimental system was applied to composite replica projectile tips of Mesolithic hunters. Arrows being shot at transparent targets were filmed in order to evaluate the penetration length and residual damage. Interestingly, this study reveals that the properties of the mixture are highly dependent on the velocity of the arrows. It was shown that—contrary to previous experiments that usually used a mixture in which rosin predominates— the most efficient adhesive is made of 70 wt% beeswax with only 30 wt% rosin. This result is of great importance for improving further shooting experiments and overcoming the problems frequently mentioned due to the loss of the flint armatures before they reach the animal target, or at least before penetration. When using this appropriate mixture, the lateral armatures are resistant to most of the shots. Experiments performed on real boars’ flesh have also shown that the presence of lateral microliths allows the laceration inflicted on the target to be enlarged. Finally, a critical parameter has been identified, which is the location on the arrow of the microlithic element

    Domestic food practice and vessel-use at Salƫt-ST1, central Oman, during the Umm an-Nar period

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    Investigations into everyday food practices during the Umm an-Nar period (c.2700–2000 BC) in the Oman Peninsula are limited. We studied lipid residues in pottery from SalĆ«t-ST1, an Umm an-Nar stone tower in central Oman, to understand domestic practices and vessel use in locally-produced Sandy Wares, regionally-produced Fine Red Omani Wares and imported Indus Black-Slipped Jars between c. 2460–2150  BC. Degraded animal fats were found in a majority of the vessels, and we report the first direct detection of dairy products in Umm an-Nar vessels. The use of non-ruminant fats, plants and/or mixtures of different products is also suggested. Variations in lipid concentrations and contents of Fine Red Omani Wares and Sandy Wares suggest different uses for these vessel categories. Finally, the detection of a range of products (ruminant meat, dairy fats, non-ruminant fats and mixtures) in Indus Black-Slipped Jars from the site indicates vessel multifunctionality and reuse of the vessels

    Faire gras Ă  MolĂšne: dairy products and ruminant fats detected by lipid and isotopic analysis of pottery dating to the Final Neolithic-Early Bronze Age from the island site of Beg ar Loued (MolĂšne, western Brittany, France): Faire gras Ă  MolĂšne : produits laitiers et graisses de ruminants dĂ©tectĂ©s par l’analyse lipidique et isotopique des cĂ©ramiques du NĂ©olithique final et de l’ñge du Bronze ancien du site insulaire de Beg ar Loued (MolĂšne, Bretagne occidentale, France)

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    The subsistence strategies of early farming communities have been highlighted since the beginning of the Neolithic, thanks to numerous studies on lipid residues from ceramic vessels conducted in various parts of continental Europe. However, after the Early Neolithic, evidence of subsistence strategies along the northern Atlantic coast are still lacking, especially for island contexts. This paper presents the results of lipid residue analysis of 129 potsherds from Beg ar Loued (MolĂšne, France), an island site dating primarily to the Early Bronze Age (c. 2700-2600 to 1800 BCE). Aiming to understand the use of vessels, vessel treatment and culinary practices on the settlement, analyses of visible charred residues, sherds and ceramic surfaces/coating layers were carried out using chromatographic (n = 174) and isotopic techniques (n = 24) after lipid extraction by solvent (n = 174) or acid methanolysis (n = 31). The results demonstrate the extensive use of terrestrial products (ruminant carcass and dairy) in pottery, including occasional plant products (with possible mixtures of different waxes), while the detection of aquatic products is limited. Thus, combined with evidence from faunal remains at the site, the results indicate that terrestrial resources like ruminant meat and dairy products were preferentially processed in vessels, and aquatic products mostly without the use of ceramics. These findings demonstrate the significance of lipid residue analysis for studying the role of pottery in food production and consumption at sites along the Atlantic coast. Les stratĂ©gies de subsistance des premiĂšres communautĂ©s agricoles ont Ă©tĂ© mises en Ă©vidence depuis le dĂ©but du NĂ©olithique grĂące Ă  de nombreuses Ă©tudes sur les rĂ©sidus lipidiques des rĂ©cipients en cĂ©ramique menĂ©es dans diverses parties de l’Europe continentale. En revanche, trĂšs peu de donnĂ©es sont disponibles pour la fin du NĂ©olithique et le dĂ©but de l’ñge du Bronze sur la cĂŽte atlantique, en particulier en contexte insulaire. Cet article prĂ©sente les rĂ©sultats de l’analyse de rĂ©sidus lipidiques provenant de 129 fragments de poteries de Beg ar Loued (MolĂšne, France), un site insulaire dont les principaux vestiges datent de l’ñge du Bronze ancien (c. 2700-2600 Ă  1800 BCE). Dans le but de comprendre l’utilisation des rĂ©cipients, les pratiques culinaires sur ce site et d’apprĂ©hender les techniques de finition des cĂ©ramiques, des analyses de rĂ©sidus visibles carbonisĂ©s, de tessons, et de surfaces/couches d’engobe ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©es via des analyses chromatographiques (n = 174) et isotopiques (n = 24), aprĂšs extraction des lipides par solvant (n = 174) ou mĂ©thanolyse acide (n = 31). Les rĂ©sultats dĂ©montrent l’utilisation extensive de produits terrestres (carcasses de ruminants et produits laitiers), comprenant occasionnellement des produits vĂ©gĂ©taux (avec un mĂ©lange probable de diffĂ©rentes cires), alors que la dĂ©tection des produits aquatiques est faible. ComparĂ©s aux donnĂ©es fauniques, ces rĂ©sultats indiquent donc que les produits terrestres, tels que la viande de ruminant et les produits laitiers, sont transformĂ©s en utilisant des rĂ©cipients en cĂ©ramiques, tandis que les produits aquatiques semblent de prĂ©fĂ©rence exploitĂ©s sans avoir recours Ă  une poterie. Ces rĂ©sultats dĂ©montrent l’importance de l’analyse des rĂ©sidus lipidiques pour connaĂźtre le rĂŽle des rĂ©cipients en cĂ©ramique dans la production et la consommation d’aliments sur les sites de la cĂŽte atlantique

    Bilan du XXIVe colloque d’archĂ©omĂ©trie, Nice, 17-21 avril 2023

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    Le XXIVe colloque d’archĂ©omĂ©trie s’est dĂ©roulĂ© Ă  Nice du 17 au 21 avril 2023 sur le campus de Saint Jean d’AngĂ©ly. Cette Ă©dition s’est tenue exceptionnellement un an aprĂšs la prĂ©cĂ©dente, suite Ă  la pandĂ©mie de Covid-19, pour reprendre un rythme bisannuel, les annĂ©es impaires, en alternance avec le colloque international d’archĂ©omĂ©trie ISA (International Symposium on Archaeometry). L’organisation a Ă©tĂ© portĂ©e par le CEPAM, en collaboration avec trois autres laboratoires de l’UniversitĂ© CĂŽte..

    Lutter (Saint-Joseph, Haut Rhin): évaluation du potentiel pour une analyse phytolithique: Rapport fouille programmée de Lutter

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    Lutter (Saint-Joseph, Haut Rhin): Ă©valuation du potentiel pour une analyse phytolithiqu

    Analyse phytolithique de trois tessons Rubanés de Tchécoslovaquie: rapport interne

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    Analyse phytolithique de trois tessons Rubanés de Tchécoslovaqui

    Analyse phytolithique d’un coprolithe du nĂ©olithique moyen (gr07.q19a.d113.ljb/cx): Rapport triennal fouille programmĂ©e de la Grande Rivoire

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    Analyse phytolithique d’un coprolithe du nĂ©olithique moyen (gr07.q19a.d113.ljb/cx

    Analyse phytolithique de la sĂ©quence NĂ©olithique de Pendimoun: Ă©tat d’avancement: Rapport PCR ETICALP

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    Analyse phytolithique de la sĂ©quence NĂ©olithique de Pendimoun: Ă©tat d’avancemen

    Analyse phytolithique de la sĂ©quence NĂ©olithique de Pendimoun: Ă©tat d’avancement: Rapport PCR ETICALP

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    Analyse phytolithique de la sĂ©quence NĂ©olithique de Pendimoun: Ă©tat d’avancemen

    Analyse phytolithique d’un coprolithe du nĂ©olithique moyen (gr07.q19a.d113.ljb/cx): Rapport triennal fouille programmĂ©e de la Grande Rivoire

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    Analyse phytolithique d’un coprolithe du nĂ©olithique moyen (gr07.q19a.d113.ljb/cx
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