Reviving Full-Service Family Practice in British Columbia

Describes innovative operational reforms made in the province's fee-for-service system to improve quality of care and reduce costs, including incentive payments for chronic disease management and enhanced training. Outlines lessons learned and challenges

Indigenous Comics and Graphic Novels: An Annotated Bibliography

The primary focus of this Annotated Bibliography is comics by self-identified Indigenous creators and publishers working in Canada and the United States, although where possible we have included Indigenous comics from outside North America. We have attempted to include as many titles as possible up until March, 2019, but this will always be an incomplete list and we regret any omissions or oversights. We regard this Annotated Bibliography as a preliminary work and hope it can serve as the basis for more in-depth work in the expanding field of Indigenous Comics and Graphic Novels. For a more extensive guide to comics and graphic novels featuring Indigenous characters and stories (including those by non-Indigenous creators), see the Mazinbiige Indigenous Graphic Novel Collection at the University of Manitoba Library: https://libguides.lib.umanitoba.ca/mazinbiige. For more information about this project, see Introduction: "Indigenous Comics and Graphic Novels: An Annotated Bibliography” in Jeunesse, Volume 11, Issue 1, pp. 139-55 (2019). This resource will be updated twice a year, in July and December. Please send any suggestions for additions or revisions to Candida Rifkind ([email protected]).   DOI: 10.1353/jeu.2019.000

Chromosome Size in Diploid Eukaryotic Species Centers on the Average Length with a Conserved Boundary

Understanding genome and chromosome evolution is important for understanding genetic inheritance and evolution. Universal events comprising DNA replication, transcription, repair, mobile genetic element transposition, chromosome rearrangements, mitosis, and meiosis underlie inheritance and variation of living organisms. Although the genome of a species as a whole is important, chromosomes are the basic units subjected to genetic events that coin evolution to a large extent. Now many complete genome sequences are available, we can address evolution and variation of individual chromosomes across species. For example, “How are the repeat and nonrepeat proportions of genetic codes distributed among different chromosomes in a multichromosome species?” “Is there a general rule behind the intuitive observation that chromosome lengths tend to be similar in a species, and if so, can we generalize any findings in chromosome content and size across different taxonomic groups?” Here, we show that chromosomes within a species do not show dramatic fluctuation in their content of mobile genetic elements as the proliferation of these elements increases from unicellular eukaryotes to vertebrates. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, notwithstanding the remarkable plasticity, there is an upper limit to chromosome-size variation in diploid eukaryotes with linear chromosomes. Strikingly, variation in chromosome size for 886 chromosomes in 68 eukaryotic genomes (including 22 human autosomes) can be viably captured by a single model, which predicts that the vast majority of the chromosomes in a species are expected to have a base pair length between 0.4035 and 1.8626 times the average chromosome length. This conserved boundary of chromosome-size variation, which prevails across a wide taxonomic range with few exceptions, indicates that cellular, molecular, and evolutionary mechanisms, possibly together, confine the chromosome lengths around a species-specific average chromosome length

Disrupting the “Heroic” Male Within Policing: A Case of Direct Entry

This article drives forward a more critical insight into the position of women within policing. In focusing on women as police leaders, it problematizes taken for granted representations of gender and proposes an alternative reading of their experiences. Drawing on theoretical work on gendered organizations, the article argues that greater attention needs to be paid to the cultural and structural conditions that enable the “heroic male” to emerge as the “ideal” police leader. It also considers the recent introduction of Direct Entry for senior officers in England and Wales as a disruptive tool to the gendered order within policing