Integration of real-time non-surfactant emulsion fuel system on light duty lorry

Interest in water-in-diesel emulsion fuel (W/D) grows because of its advantages in improving fuel efficiency, reducing greenhouse emissions and retaining the quality of the lubrication oil. Recently, a device called Real-Time Non-Surfactant Emulsion Fuel System (RTES) have successfully created an emulsion without surfactant for a 5kW single-cylinder diesel engine generator. This study integrates the RTES into a light duty lorry, and the effect of the integration is investigated. The lorry was tested on a chassis dynamometer with a controlled 16.6% water ratio. The results show how fuel consumption is reduced by 7.1% compared to neat diesel. Moreover, the exhaust emission of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) is reduced by 52%, while as observed in other works, carbon monoxides (CO) emission also increased, in this case by 41.6%. This integration concluded to retain similar benefits and disadvantages as tested on the 5.5kW diesel generator

Requirement for real-time water emulsion fuel supply system (RTES) concept design

Nowadays, demand for more efficient energ y increased due to the green technology as one of the promin ent research areas. In order to improve the exhaust emission from the diesel engine, researchers have found an alter na tive fuel which known as water-in-dies el emulsion fucl. It is a promising way that could fulfill such demand because it can simultaneously reduce harmful emissions; Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter and Hydrocarbon , and improve combustion efficiency of diesel engine. \V/D emulsion fuel is a mixture of water and diesel with the presence of surfactant. However, the stabili ty and high dependency of surfactant are the main concern in producing emulsion fuel. High cost of surfactant has restrained the emulsion fuel to be commercialized. Hence, with the aim to remove the dependency on surfactant to produce emulsion fuel, this research has been conducted in order to come out with a mixing system design which known as Real Time Emulsion Fuel Supply System (RTES). It is a machine that combin es two typ es of mixers; high shear mixer and ultrasonic mixer in one unit and able to emulsify the water and diesel fuel without adding any surfactant. Throughout the RTES design process, there are design objectives that are considered . Besides, there arc also some regul ations and constr aint that needs to be consider during the component selection

Emission of diesel engine running on emulsion fuel made from low grade diesel fuel

As to achieve sustainable greening transportation, researchers has agreed that emulsion fuel could be an alternative fuel for diesel engine as it is useful for heavy transportation. Emulsion fuel is well-known in reducing the exhaust emission that had been produced by vehicles. This research has been conducted in order to investigate the exhaust emission in diesel engine such as, Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Particulate Matter. There are two types of emulsion fuel tested as it differs in water percentage. E10 is an indicator for emulsion fuel with 10% of water and another one is E20 with 20% of water. To assure the stability of emulsion fuel, 1% of surfactant had been added. Test engine results shows that NOx and PM for emulsion fuels reduced by 60% and 14.11% respectively compared to D2. Meanwhile, CO2 and CO for emulsion fuels are increased compared to D2 by about 27.76% and 102.20% respectively

The effect of tap water emulsified fuel on exhaust emission of single cylinder compression ignition engine

An experimental investigation on exhaust emissions with emulsion fuel was conducted in a diesel engine that equipped with a “Real Time Non-Surfactant Emulsion Fuel Supply System, RTES” under four different loads operations (1, 2, 3 and 4 kW). RTES is a mixing device that able to produces non-surfactant emulsion fuel which is one of the alternative ways to improve the exhaust emissions of diesel engine, especially Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and Particulate Matter (PM). As for the test fuel, neat diesel (D2) and tap water-in-diesel emulsion fuel (W/D) are tested as a comparison. Based on the experimental results, emulsion fuel decrease NOx radically compare to D2 in all load conditions with an average reduction of 18.99% respectively. As for the PM, emulsion fuel is lower compare to D2 at all load conditions and lowest at high load. However, tap water emulsion fuel shows high formation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) at all load conditions which due to lower combustion temperature. This significant increment is aligned with the reduction of NOx emissions

Effects of different water percentages in non-surfactant emulsion fuel on performance and exhaust emissions of a light-duty truck

The interest in emulsion fuel grows worldwide because it is potentially more environment friendly than its base fuel. Nonetheless, it has yet to be widely used as it is pricier than conventional diesel fuel due to its dependency on surfactant. This paper highlights the application of non-surfactant emulsion fuel in a light-duty truck (1 ton). The fuel is produced on demand with the so-called Real-Time Non-Surfactant Emulsion Fuel Supply System (RTES) just before being transferred into the engine. The emission characteristics and performance of the truck were then evaluated. To identify the optimum water percentage, the RTES is controlled to produce an emulsion with various water percentages during the testing. The experiment was performed on a chassis dynamometer using the West Virginia University (WVU) 5-Peak Cycle. The variants of fuel used throughout this experiment are Euro 5 diesel (D) and emulsion fuel based from it with varying water percentage of 5% (E5), 6.5% (E6.5), 10.8% (E10.8), and 30% (E30). The smoke number and nitrogen oxides, NOx emission of the truck are reduced with the use of emulsion fuel. E6.5 shows the highest average reduction of NOx at 45%. E30 emits higher carbon monoxide, CO than D while its carbon dioxide, CO2 is reduced by about 0.13%. E6.5's fuel consumption is the lowest; it is around 8.56% lower than D, followed by E10.8, E5 and E30. Overall, the concept of non-surfactant emulsion fuel appears to have the potential for application in diesel-powered vehicles to reduce harmful emissions

Effects of different water percentages in non-surfactant emulsion fuel on performance and exhaust emissions of a light-duty truck

The interest in emulsion fuel grows worldwide because it is potentially more environment friendly than its base fuel. Nonetheless, it has yet to be widely used as it is pricier than conventional diesel fuel due to its dependency on surfactant. This paper highlights the application of non-surfactant emulsion fuel in a light-duty truck (1 ton). The fuel is produced on demand with the so-called Real-Time Non-Surfactant Emulsion Fuel Supply System (RTES) just before being transferred into the engine. The emission characteristics and performance of the truck were then evaluated. To identify the optimum water percentage, the RTES is controlled to produce an emulsion with various water percentages during the testing. The experiment was performed on a chassis dynamometer using the West Virginia University (WVU) 5-Peak Cycle. The variants of fuel used throughout this experiment are Euro 5 diesel (D) and emulsion fuel based from it with varying water percentage of 5% (E5), 6.5% (E6.5), 10.8% (E10.8), and 30% (E30). The smoke number and nitrogen oxides, NOx emission of the truck are reduced with the use of emulsion fuel. E6.5 shows the highest average reduction of NOx at 45%. E30 emits higher carbon monoxide, CO than D while its carbon dioxide, CO2 is reduced by about 0.13%. E6.5's fuel consumption is the lowest; it is around 8.56% lower than D, followed by E10.8, E5 and E30. Overall, the concept of non-surfactant emulsion fuel appears to have the potential for application in diesel-powered vehicles to reduce harmful emissions