Year Wise Distribution of Patients Suffering From Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) According to Different Age Groups.

<p>Year Wise Distribution of Patients Suffering From Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) According to Different Age Groups.</p

Impact of Disease Severity on Length of Hospitalization, Course of Illness and Management of Dengue Patients [mean (SD)].

<p>Impact of Disease Severity on Length of Hospitalization, Course of Illness and Management of Dengue Patients [mean (SD)].</p

Gender wise distribution of dengue patients according to different age groups.

<p>Gender wise distribution of dengue patients according to different age groups.</p

LC-MS/MS-based determination of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, florfenicol and florfenicol amine in poultry meat from the Punjab-Pakistan

<p>A simple, reliable and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based confirmatory method was redeveloped and validated for the simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, florfenicol and florfenicol amine in chicken muscles. The analytes were extracted from minced chicken muscle with acetonitrile and ammoniated water mixture. A second extraction with ethyl acetate was followed by evaporation and dissolution of the residue in ammoniated methanol before defatting with <i>n</i>-hexane. Finally, the extract was further cleaned up by dispersive solid phase extraction using C-18 end-capped dispersive material. The validation protocol was adapted from the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and all the performance characteristics were successfully satisfied. The recoveries of all the analytes were found to be in the range of 86.4–108.1% and the precision values, within day and between days, ranged from 2.7% to 11% and 4.4% to 16.3%, respectively. The method was tested in various incurred samples and applied to analyse a wide range of random poultry market samples (<i>n</i> = 120) collected from three cities of the Punjab, Pakistan. Chloramphenicol and florfenicol residues were detected at low levels in less than 11% of the samples. Chloramphenicol was detected only in 4 samples with the concentration range of 0.17–0.477 µg kg^–1, whereas the levels of florfenicol/florfenicol amine residues detected in 9 samples ranged from 8.7 to 32.8 µg kg^–1. Moreover, most of the florfenicol residues were identified as tissue bound, extractable only after strong acid hydrolysis.</p

Frequency of Different Co-morbidities in Dengue Patients.

<p>Frequency of Different Co-morbidities in Dengue Patients.</p

Characteristics Presented by Patients Suffering from Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Patients.

<p>Characteristics Presented by Patients Suffering from Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Patients.</p

Hot spots for dengue infection in Faisalabad city.

<p>The distribution of dengue cases reported from Faisalabad city. A) Map of Faisalabad city showing areas from which dengue cases were reported in 2011, B) in 2012 and during both years. Squared place marks represents location of medical centers in the city.</p

Comparison between the threading models of HCV-4a, HCV-3a and the crystal structure of HCV-1b NS3 protease.

<p>(a) Both model structures of HCV-4a (blue) and HCV-3a (red) are superimposed onto the template structure of HCV-1b (PDB: 1dy8), shown in green. The gray box highlights the catalytic triad (H57, D81, and S139). (b) Same as (a) with the addition of the cofactor (NS4A), in beige, and an example inhibitor shown for orientation purposes (OF7, 1dy8), in orange. (c) Residue-average RMSD of Cα atoms for the model of HCV-4a (blue), the model of HCV-3a (red) and HCV-1b proteases crystal structure (green) during the course of simulation. (d) The amino acid sequences of HCV-4a, HCV-3a, and HCV-1b NS3 proteases, as well as the corresponding cofactors shown with the same colors used in (a) and (b). Sequence variability between HCV- 4a and 1b are indicated by blue circles and variability between HCV-3a and 1b are indicated by red triangles.</p

Expression conditions used for proteins expression.

<p>Expression conditions used for proteins expression.</p

Effect of humidity and temperature on the frequency of dengue cases.

<p>Solid and dotted lines represents humidity and temperature respectively, whereas vertical bars represents frequency of dengue cases during the months of July to December.</p