Altering the competitiveness of tame oat verses wild oat with phosphorous and seeding rate

Non-Peer Reviewe

Could chemical seed treatments limit the spread of Fusarium graminearum through infected seed?

Non-Peer Reviewe

Effectiveness of chemical seed treatments in improving the agronomic performance of cereal crops derived from Fusarium-infected seed lots

Non-Peer Reviewe

Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) time of emergence and density influence tame oat (Avena sativa L.) yield and quality

Non-Peer Reviewe

The Effect of Seeding Date, Seeding Rate, and Applied Nitrogen on the Yield of Canaryseed

Non-Peer ReviewedA major problem when growing canaryseed is the year to year fluctuation in yield experienced by Saskatchewan farmers. The cause of this fluctuation in yield is not known, but suggestions include seeding rate, seeding date , nitrogen rate, potassium, sulfur, aphids, a fungus called leaf mottle, and lack of moisture during grain filling. To determine the cause of this fluctuation in yield and to optimize the agronomics of canaryseed production research examining the effect of planting date, seeding rate and nitrogen rate at three locations, Melfort, Indian Head and north of Swift Current (Stewart Valley) was started in 1999. In 2000, with additional funding from the Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada, and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada work was started on potassium and sulfur. Two full seasons have been completed. In 1999 all four experiments were conducted at the three locations. No major problems occurred at Indian Head or Swift Current during the growing season. In addition the seeding rate and nitrogen rate experiments were conducted at Weyburn. At Melfort, in 1999 hail damaged the plots in July reducing yield and the reliability of the data. At Weyburn, bird damage and drought at the end of the season reduced yields. In 2000, the Septoria leaf Mottle experiments were lost at Indian Head due to flooding and also at Weyburn because of excessive wild oat pressure. Seeding date had a large effect on yield at several locations. The first seeding date had the highest yield at Swift Current and Melfort while the second seeding date was highest at Indian Head in 1999 and in a preliminary experiment conducted in 1998. In 2000, the first seeding date had the highest yield at Indian Head and Melfort. While seeding date did not affect yield at Swift Current or Saskatoon. The yield of canaryseed did not readily respond to changes in seeding rates. Slight increases in yield occurred at Melfort and Weyburn in 1999 and 2000 as the seeding was increased. In addition canaryseed yield did not respond to increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer. Controlling Septoria leaf mottle with Tilt did provided a yield response 4 out of 6 site years. The two sites where a response did not occur was at Stewart Valley. The Canaryseed yield was significantly increased by potassium at two locations but the results are two preliminary to make general conclusions

The suitability of cool and warm season annual cereal species for winter grazing in Saskatchewan

Non-Peer ReviewedCool and warm season annuals were seeded at Agri-Arm sites across Saskatchewan over three years to compare their suitability for winter grazing. Two seeding dates, eleven crops and two harvest times were used. The crops in this trial have significant differences in maturity. As expected, dry matter yield of the cool season annual cereals (oat, barley) tended to decrease with the later seeding date. Delayed seeding also decreased the yield of Golden German millet (foxtail millet) at two site years. Golden German millet had yields that were higher than oat at three site years, lower than oat at three site years and similar at 4 site years. Delaying the harvest lowered the protein level of all the crops. Seeding date did not consistently affect protein. Corn had significantly lower levels of protein than the other crops. As harvest was delayed forage biomass of the crops increased especially oat and barley. Weathering in the windrow until December had very little effect on the crude protein. Total digestible nutrients were not consistently affected by seeding date or harvest time. Temperature seemed to have a larger effect on the productivity of the warm season annuals than moisture. Golden German millet is well adapted for swath grazing on the eastern side of Saskatchewan. More data is required to determine its adaptability in central and western Saskatchewan

What agronomic practices can reduce the effect of Fusarium head blight on durum wheat in Saskatchewan?

Non-Peer ReviewedFusarium head blight (FHB) has become an important disease of cereals in moist regions of western Canada. This disease has played an important role in contributing to lower grain yields and substantial downgrading of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). The objective of this study, conducted at three locations on the Canadian prairie, two in Saskatchewan and one in Manitoba, from 2001 to 2003, was to determine the effect of seeding density, nitrogen supply, fungicide treatment, and durum wheat cultivar on FHB development, grain quality, grade protection and economic return. A four-way factorial design was used with two seed densities (150 and 300 viable seeds m-2), two nitrogen rates (75 and 100% of recommended rate), three cultivars (AC Avonlea, AC Morse and AC Navigator), and four fungicide treatments (no application, Tilt at flag leaf, Folicur at anthesis and Tilt at flag leaf followed by Folicur at anthesis). Increasing the seed density decreased FHB at 4 out of the 7 site year when FHB occurred, however increasing the seed density tended to increase leaf disease severity. The application of Folicur did not affect Fusarium levels. The application of Tilt and /or Folicur decreased leaf disease at 6 out of 9 site years and affected yield at 5 out of 9 site years. There was no consistent effect from nitrogen or cultivar

The effects of potassium and chloride nutrition on seed yield of canaryseed

Non-Peer ReviewedThe year to year variability of grain yield in canaryseed has been a major concern among canaryseed growers. An experiment was conducted to determine the responsiveness of canaryseed seed yield to potassium (K) and chloride (Cl) and to provide better recommendations to producers on the use of KCl in Canaryseed from soil test results. Current research has shown that chloride has a large impact on canaryseed yield in specific fields. Growers should measure the residual level of chloride in fields they intend to seed to canaryseed. More research is required to properly identify the level of chloride required in a field before canaryseed will not respond to the addition of chloride. At this time growers are advised to test the responsiveness of canaryseed to chloride on their own individual fields using strips of KCL

Yellowfeed production in Saskatchewan

Non-Peer ReviewedYellowfeed is a harvesting method where an annual cereal crop grown for forage is sprayed with glyphosate at the milk-soft dough stage and allowed to stand until dry. Once dry the crop can be cut and then immediately baled. A study was conducted at 16 site by crop combination to monitor oat and barley forage yield and quality. After the application of glyphosate, dry matter yield was maximized at 20 days and protein concentration was minimized at 25 days. ADF, NDF, and TDN did not vary after glyphosate application. Yellowfeed is a viable alternative harvesting method when annual cereals are harvested for hay