Individual-based networks involving individuals of <i>Astrocaryum mexicanum</i> (Arecaceae) and their effective (EP) and non-effective (NEP) pollinators in six tropical rainforest fragments (2, 4, 19.4, 34.6, 114.6 and 700 ha respectively) of Los Tuxtlas, southeast Mexico.

<p>The right nodes represent different individuals of <i>A</i>. <i>mexicanum</i> considering both (M) male- and (F) female-phase inflorescence. The left nodes correspond to species of floral visitors that interact with plant individuals. Lines indicate interactions between the two trophic levels. Networks were ordered by both number of links and interaction frequencies. Rectangle height is proportional to the number of interactions recorded per species. Different line lengths indicate the frequency of interactions.</p

Branch colonization frequency by secondary colonizers.

<p>Non-engineered branches are represented by white bars (NE); simulated-engineered branches by gray bars (SE); and <i>O. albomarginata chamela</i>- engineered branches by black bars (OE). Values are the percentage of branches colonized. Different letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05) between the frequencies of branch colonization of the treatments.</p

Forest fragment size effects (log₁₀-transformed) on the abundance (± SD) of effective pollinators per (A) male and (B) female inflorescence of <i>Astrocaryum mexicanum</i> (Arecaceae) in Los Tuxtlas, southeast Mexico.

<p>Forest fragment size effects (log₁₀-transformed) on the abundance (± SD) of effective pollinators per (A) male and (B) female inflorescence of <i>Astrocaryum mexicanum</i> (Arecaceae) in Los Tuxtlas, southeast Mexico.</p

Arthropod community composition in detached <i>Spondias purpurea</i> branches.

<p>OE  =  <i>O. albomarginata chamela</i>-engineered branches; SE  =  simulated-engineered branches; and NE  =  non-engineered branches. Each point is a two-dimensional (axis 1 and axis 2) representation of the arthropod community composition on an individual branch based on global non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis (stress  = 0.19).</p

Effect of habitat engineering on branch colonization frequency by secondary colonizers.

<p>Data analyses were performed through a generalized linear model with a binomial distribution and a logit link function using a GLIMMIX procedure in SAS.</p

Relationship between: number of floral visitor species (A); network specialization (<i>H</i>_<i>2</i>’) (B); interaction diversity (C); nestedness (NODF-metric) (D); modularity (M-metric) (E); number of visitor species found in the central core of highly generalist species (F), and the log₁₀-transformed fragment size of six fragments in Los Tuxtlas, southeast Mexico.

<p>Regression correlation coefficient (<i>r</i>) and significance (<i>p</i>) computed using simple linear regressions are also shown.</p

Abundance of secondary colonizers that emerged from <i>Spondias purpurea</i> detached branches.

<p>Bars indicate LSMeans (±SE) of the number of secondary colonizers that emerged per <i>S. purpurea</i> branch in the three studied years. White bars indicate non-engineered branches (NE); gray bars indicate simulated-engineered branches (SE); and black bars indicate <i>O. albomarginata chamela</i>-colonized branches (OE). Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments (P<0.05).</p

Secondary colonizers that emerged from <i>Spondias purpurea</i> branches detached and colonized by <i>Oncideres albomarginata chamela</i>.

<p>*Not recorded in 2007;</p>†<p>Life form I;</p>‡<p>Life form II;</p>§<p>Not recorded in non-engineered branches (NE); ND  = not determined. Abundance values are means across the three years (±SD).</p

Appendix B. Details of sowing in experimental plot and molecular analysis in plants to detect the gene marker of transgenic cassette.

Details of sowing in experimental plot and molecular analysis in plants to detect the gene marker of transgenic cassette

Appendix A. Location of wild populations of gourds and additional details per crosses type and tested proportions, number of families per crosses in parental, hybrids, and backcrosses.

Location of wild populations of gourds and additional details per crosses type and tested proportions, number of families per crosses in parental, hybrids, and backcrosses