Extended conformal symmetry of the one-dimensional Bose gas

We show that the low-lying excitations of the one-dimensional Bose gas are described, at all orders in a 1/N expansion and at the first order in the inverse of the coupling constant, by an effective hamiltonian written in terms of an extended conformal algebra, namely the Cartan subalgebra of the $W_{1+\infty}\times \bar{W}_{1+\infty}$ algebra. This enables us to construct the first interaction term which corrects the hamiltonian of free fermions equivalent to a hard-core boson system

Association of child neurodevelopmental or behavioural problems with maternal unemployment in a population-based birth cohort

PurposeTo estimate associations between suspected or diagnosed neurodevelopmental or behavioural problems in 7-year-old children and maternal unemployment at child age 7 and 10, in a Portuguese birth cohort.MethodsWe evaluated 5754 mothers and their children of the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI in Porto, Portugal. Data on suspected and diagnosed child neurodevelopmental and behavioural problems (exposures)-learning, attention and language problems, externalising behaviours, developmental delay, autism spectrum disorders, and other neurodevelopmental problems-were retrieved at 7 years of age by interviewing caregivers. Maternal employment status (outcome) was collected at the 7- and 10-year follow-up waves. Robust Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations.ResultsAfter adjustment for maternal and household characteristics, women were more likely to be unemployed at child age 10 if the child had, up to age 7, any of the following suspected problems: an autism spectrum disorder (PR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.07, 2.79), developmental delay (PR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.20, 2.06), externalising behaviours (PR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.11, 1.50) or learning problems (PR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.07, 1.48). When the exposure was restricted to clinically diagnosed disorders, the magnitude of associations remained similar but estimates were less precise. Associations with unemployment were stronger at child age 10 (prospective analyses), than at child age 7 (cross-sectional).ConclusionHaving a child with learning, developmental or behavioural problems, or an autism spectrum disorder up to age 7 was associated with maternal unemployment three years later, even in a less affluent European economy where the dual-earner family structure is often necessary to make ends meet.This study was funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Operational Programme Competitiveness and Internationalization; national funding from Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)-Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education under the projects 'STEPACHE-Raizes pediatricas da resposta ampliada a dor: das influencias contextuais a estratificacao do risco' (POCI- 01- 0145FEDER-029087) [Ref. FCT PTDC/SAUEPI/29087/2017], 'HIneC: Quando se revelam as desigualdades em saude?' (POCI-01-0145FEDER-029567) [Ref. FCT PTDC/SAU-PUB/29567/2017]; Epidemiology Research Unit-Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto (EPIUnit) (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006862; UID/DTP/04750/2019); Administracao Regional de Saude Norte (Regional Department of Ministry of Health) and Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian; EEA Grants through the Work-life Balance and Gender Equality program operated by CIG (SGS3A2); ERDF, through the North Regional Operational Program in the framework of the project HEALTHUNORTE: Setting-up biobanks and regenerative medicine strategies to boost research in cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, neurological, oncological, immunological and infectious diseases (NORTE-01-0145FEDER-000039); PhD grant (Joana Amaro) co-funded by the FCT and the Human Capital Operating Program of the European Social Fund (POPH/ FSE Program) [PD/BD/128009/2016]; research grant from FOREUM Foundation for Research in Rheumatology (Career Research Grant). This study was based upon work from COST Action CA16216 (OMEGA-NET), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology)

Precautionary advice about mobile phones: Public understandings and intended responses

The official published version can be obtained from the link below - Copyright @ Taylor & FrancisThere is a widespread academic and policy debate about public responses to precaution in public health campaigns. This paper explores these issues in relation to the precautionary stance adopted in the UK around the regulation of mobile telecommunications. The aim of the paper is to examine the nature of attitudes to precaution, and the way in which these, along with other relevant variables, relate to the intention to adopt relevant behaviours. The results from an experimental study (n = 173) indicate that people distinguish between two dimensions of precaution: firstly in relation to its value or necessity per se and secondly as anchored to notions of governance. The two variables differentially relate to other variables including trust and uncertainty, and are predictive of intended behaviour change indirectly, through worry about mobile phone risks. Precautionary advice was generally interpreted as causing concern rather than providing reassurance. The results suggest that precaution may be considered a valuable stance but this does not mean that it is seen as good governance or that it will reduce concern. Whilst the discourse of precaution is aimed at reducing concern, it appears that the uptake of relevant behaviours is largely triggered by worry