Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava,l.,) dengan Penyari Etanol dan Kloroform terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus Aureus

The high mortality rate in the world, especially in tropical areas such as Indonesia, is one of the causes of infectious diseases. Infectious disease is one of the problems in the health sector that many Indonesian people suffer from which from time to time continues to grow. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of guava leaf extract with 70% ethanol and chloroform extract against Staphylococcus aureus based on the diameter of the inhibition zone. The concentrations of the extracts used were 5%, 10%, and 15%. For the positive control, amoxicillin was used, and the negative control was 10% DMSO. Extraction was carried out by maceration by soaking 250 grams of guava leaf powder in 500 ml of 70% ethanol. The filtrate from the maceration was filtered, then the residue was macerated again with 500 ml of chloroform filter, then evaporated in a rotary evaporator. Produces a thick extract in ethanol as much as 10 grams, and in chloroform as much as 6 grams. The extract obtained was then tested for its antibacterial activity using Nutrient agar media by well diffusion. The results obtained showed the presence of antibacterial activity in each filter, namely 5%, 10% and 15% ethanol extract, respectively, of 4.6 mm; 8mm and 10 mm. Meanwhile, in 5% , 10% and 15% chloroform, respectively, they were 4.3 mm; 7.6 mm and 10.3 mm. Positive control of 20 mm amoxicillin and negative control with 10% DMSO solvent did not show any antibacterial activity. From the results of the study, it was also found that the concentration of 15% in both extracts had the highest antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.   Keywords: Guava leaves, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial, inhibition, well diffusion

Hubungan Ketepatan Terapi Obat Antidiabetik Oral dengan Nilai Hba1c pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Prolanis di Puskesmas Jatilawang

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that has hyperglycemia characteristics caused by abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. This research aims to find out the relationship between the accuracy of therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Prolanis in Jatilawang Public Health Center, Banyumas Regency.  medical records of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus The results show that of 41 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the jatilawang puskesmas banyumas district are aged 40-60 years as many as 23 or 56.1%, and aged 61-80 years as many as 18 or (43,996)  .  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients consisted of 3 male patients (7.3%) and 38 female patients (92.7%), with 18 (46,316) cases of patients with housewives as many as 25 or (61.06) and frequency of work  the least is the work of traders and tailors of clothes by 1 patient or 2.4%.  Based on the level of education having the most education, namely elementary schools as many as 31 or (75.6%) and the least frequency has D2 education of 1 or 24%.  Based on the length of time involved in being a prolanist participant, the highest frequency of prolanis Diabetes Mellitus type 2 patients at the Jatilawang Public Health Center in Banyumas Regency was based on the time of 34 years of 19 patients or (46.3%) and at least 6 patients or (14.6%) with  1-2 years in attendance.  Type 2 diabetes mellitus without comorbidities and 22 (53.7%) cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension.  This research uses analytical observational method with sectional crots design. The accuracy of patient therapy results is that the patient who has the right indication is 41 patients (100.0%), the right drug selection is 41 patients (100%), the right dose is 41 patients (100.0%).  right patient as many as 40 patients (100%), while for the right way to use as many as 24 patients or 58.5% Hbale value was reached as many as 28 patients or 68.33% and the target patient was not achieved as many as 13 patients or (31.7%). The results were analyzed using spas using  Chi-square test The P value of 0.014 indicates that there is a relationship between the accuracy of therapy with the HbAle value in prolanis patients at the Jatilawang Public Health Center in Banyumas distric

Analisis Rasionalitas Penggunaan Obat pada Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Bumiayu Tahun 2021

Hypertension is an unrelated inherent disease that became one of the main causes of premature death in the world (Hariawan & Tatisina, 2020). Hypertension in Bumiayu Health Center is the most suspected disease in order of number one so that it is necessary to be analyzed the rationality of hypertensi medicine for the achievement of the right and precise hypertension medicine. This research aims to Knowing the pattern of use of antihypertension medicine in Bumiayu Healt Center, knowing the level of rationality of antihypertension medicine use in Bumiayu Health Center, and knowing the outcome of the use of antihypertension medicine in Bumiayu Health Center. Method for this study uses non-experimental observation methods of descriptive analysis with cohort study design through interviewed hypertension patients in Bumiayu Health Center with ethical clearance number B.1524/800.2/iii/2021. The population in this study of 6,514 patients, collect sample is 98 using the Slovin formula and meets the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria in this study are hypertension patients recorded in the outpatient register book and get prescription of hypertension drugs, age-based hypertension patients > 45 years, suffering from hypertension with or without complications, and patients are willing to be respondents. The exclusion criteria in this study were respondents refused to participate and responds died. The results of the rationality of medicine use in this study amounted to 53.1% with the patient outcome of 52% of its blood pressure is stable and the result of linear regression shows that there is an effect of rationality of medicine use providing hypertension in patients in Bumiayu Health Center with P value of 0.000 > 0.05

Pengetahuan Swamedikasi Dismenorea Siswi Smk Semesta Bumiayu Tahun 2020

This research is entitled "Knowledge of Dysmenorrhea Self-Medication for Female Students of “SMK Semesta Bumiayu” Academic Year 2020. Dysmenorrhea is a problem that often occurs to the women during menstruation period. This study aims to determine the knowledge of dysmenorrhea and dysmenorrhoea self-medication to the Female students of “SMK Semesta Bumiayu”. This research is a descriptive quantitative study using a total sampling technique of 252 female students as the respondents. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis technique with the help of the SPSS for windows version 16 application. The results of data analysis showed that most respondents had a good knowledge level of dysmenorrhea (54.8%), and knowledge of dysmenorrhea self-medication with a moderate category (57.1%.)

Pengaruh Reaksi Obat yang Tidak Dikehendaki (Rotd) terhadap Kepatuhan Pasien Tuberculosis Paru di Puskesmas Bumiayu 2021

PENGARUH REAKSI OBAT YANG TIDAK DIKEHENDAKI (ROTD) TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PASIEN TUBERCULOSIS PARU DI PUSKESMAS BUMIAYU 2021Sabila Zela Safitri , apt. Aziez Ismunandar, Luthfi Hidayat MaulanaEmail:[email protected] Latar belakang : Tuberculosis paru merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menjadi perhatian global dan menjadi salah satu penyakit penyebab kematian di dunia. (Dinkes Jateng, 2019). Pasien yang menderita tuberculosis paru akan mendapatkan obat antituberculosis (OAT) yang dikonsumsi dalam jangka panjang. Beberapa kejadian reaksi obat yang tidak dikehendaki yang ditimbulkan oleh OAT. Kejadian ini diduga dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan pasien terhadap pengobatan. Tuberculosis paru di Puskesmas Bumiayu masuk ke dalam 10 penyakit terbayak pada tahun 2020 sehingga perlu dilakukan monitoring reaksi obat yang tidak dikehendaki agar pasien patuh dalam menjalani pengobatan.Tujuan : Mengetahui jenis ROTD yang terjadi kepada pasien penderita Tuberculosis paru di Puskesmas Bumiayu, mengetahui tingkat kepatuhan kepada pasien penderita Tuberculosis paru di Puskesmas Bumiayu dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ROTD terhadap kepatuhan pasien penderita Tuberculosis paru di Puskesmas BumiayuMetode : Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cohort–prospective dengan melakukan wawancara dan pengisian lembar isian yang terdiri dari 13 macam pilihan ROTD, data kepatuhan didapat dari pengisian kuesioner MMAS-8 kepada pasien penderita Tuberculosis paru di Puskesmas Bumiayu Tahun 2021 dengan nomor ethical clearance B. 1525/800.2/III/2021. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 47 pasien, dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 47 pasien yang memeuhi kriteria inklusi yang meliputi Pasien Tuberculosis paru kategori 1 yang telah melakukan pengobatan selama 1 tahun, Pasien Tuberculosis paru yang terdaftar di puskesmas tempat penelitian dan Pasien Tuberculosis yang bersedia menjadi responden dalam penelitianHasil : Hasil analisis SPSS antara reaksi obat yang tidak dikehendaki terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien tuberculosis paru didapatkan nilai hasil uji persamaan regresi lnier menunjukan hasil signifikasi 0.053 > 0,05 maka Ho diterima yang artinya Reaksi obat yang tidak dikehendaki tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pasien penderita Tuberculosis paru di puskesmas bumiayu.Kesimpulan : Jenis ROTD yang banyak dirasakan oleh pasien penderita Tuberculosis Paru pada penelitian ini adalah gangguan gastrointestinal (29.1%), nyeri kepala (26.5%), badan terasa lemah 12.6%, Tidak nafsu makan (11.3%), Kemerahan pada air seni (10.6%). Ttingkat kepatuhan pasien Tuberculosis paru terdapat 2 orang (4,3%) yang termasuk kategori tidak patuh dan terdapat 45 orang (95,7%) yang termasuk kategori patuh. Tidak terdapat Reaksi obat yang tidak dikehendaki terhadap kepatuhan pasien penderita Tuberculosis paru di puskesmas bumiayu dengan nilai value 0,053 Kata kunci: Tuberculosis Paru, ROTD, Kepatuha

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Penggunaan Antidiabetik Oral pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Rawat Jalan Peserta Bpjs di RSUD Bumiayu 2020

Diabetes mellitus merupakan salah satu gangguan metabolik yang dikarakteristikkan dengan meningkatnya jumlah glukosa dalam darah dan menurunnya produksi insulin. Prevalensi penderita diabetes mellitus semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun dan membutuhkan biaya pengobatan yang tidak sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas biaya penggunaan antidiabetik oral pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 rawat jalan peserta BPJS di RSUD Bumiayu tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional (non-eksperimental). Pengambilan data dari rekam medis dilakukan secara potong lintang (cross-sectional) dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 34 pasien. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis efektivitas biaya dan terapi penggunaan antidiabetik menggunakan rumus persentase efektivitas terapi, rumus Average Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ACER), dan rumus Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi antidiabetik oral tunggal yang paling cost-effective yaitu glimepirid dengan nilai ACER Rp.4.523.- dan nilai ICER Rp.1.755,- dari alternatif penggantian pioglitazon ke metformin, sedangkan pada antidiabetik oral kombinasi diperoleh nilai ACER Rp.2.843,- dari penggunaan kombinasi metformin dan glimepirid serta nilai ICER Rp.2.722,- diperoleh dari penggunaan alternatif terapi kombinasi pioglitazon dan levemir ke terapi kombinasi metformin, levemir, dan novorapid

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Metode Kontrasepsi Pil dan Suntik untuk Akseptor Kb Mandiri di Puskesmas Tonjong

Based on data from BKKBN in 2015 it is known that the results of contraceptive services in Indonesia in 2012 using injection method contraception 30,649 participants (49.70%), pills 12,068 participants (19.57%), IUD 8,200 participants (13.30%), implants 6,408 participants (10.39%), MOW 2,009 (3.26%), condoms 2,264 participants (3,67%) and MOP 75 participants (0.12%). This will certainly affect the budget of the funds used. The cost-effectiveness analysis of the use of contraceptive methods is carried out to find out which method of contraception is the most cost-effective for society. The purpose of this study is to find out the most cost-effective contraceptive method between pills and injection for independent birth control acceptance at Tonjong Public Health Center. Data retrieval using the patient's medical records and prices on the Pharmaceutical Installation. The population in this study was all birth control patients in Pukesmas Tonjong during July-December 2019. Sampling method with total sampling so that it is obtained by 31 people. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional research design. The data analysis used in univariate analysis and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Based on the results of the study can be concluded that the most cost-effectiveness analysis method based on the value of ACER and ICER, which has the most effective cost that is pills, the smaller the value of ACER a drug then the more cost-effective the drug. The contraceptive pill is in quadrant II which offers high effectiveness and low cost