Comparison of Table Bearing Capacity for Different Types of Foundation Soils / Rocks

The aim of the publication was to compare the suitability of foundation soils on the basis of table (standard empirical) bearing capacity. Four basic groups of foundation soils were compared, which are fine-grained soils, sandy soils, gravelly soils and rocky soils. The scientific motivation for this comparison is that visualizing the difference between the suitability and unsuitability of a particular foundation soil / rock is one of the fundamental problems in engineering geology. Quantifying and visualizing the differences is very important for understanding the significance of different geological settings. Of all the foundation soil classes evaluated, the R1 rock soil group with a simple compressive strength greater than 150 MPa and a discontinuity distance greater than 600 mm achieves the highest table bearing capacity of 8 000 kPa. In contrast, the lowest table bearing capacity is achieved by the class of fine-grained foundation soils (F8) of clays with extremely high plasticity and soft consistency, where the value of this class is only 40 kPa

The importance of Extensive Orchards within Karviná Mining Landscape for butterflies (Lepidoptera)

Import 04/07/2011Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou vazby motýlů na kvetoucí rostliny. V praktické části práce seznamuje s provedeným botanickým průzkumem vybraných extenzivních ovocných sadů v Orlové - Lazy (okres Karviná). Seznamuje s provedeným lepidopterickým průzkumem na vymezených plochách ovocných sadů. Součástí práce je fotogalerie provedených snímků. V teoretické části práce je popsána ekologie druhů denních motýlů vyskytujících se na uvedeném území.The bachelor work deals with points at issue bond of butterfly to blooming plants. The practical part of the work acquaints with botanic research in selected extensive orchards in Orlova - Lazy (District Karviná) and it acquaints with lepidopterologic research in this given area. Fotogalery is including. The theoretical part of this work describes ecology of the butterflies that occur within this area.Prezenční546 - Institut environmentálního inženýrstvívýborn

The Assessment of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) occurrence in extensive orchards of Karviná district

Import 26/06/2013Diplomová práce se zabývá hodnocením výskytu denních motýlů v extenzivních sadech Karvinska. Navazuje na bakalářskou práci s názvem „Význam extenzivních ovocných sadů v hornické krajině Karvinska pro motýly (Lepidoptera)“. Úvodní část práce se zabývá vazbami motýlů na kvetoucí rostliny. Výzkumná část obsahuje popisy metod botanických a lepidopterických průzkumů, způsobů zpracování záznamů, hodnocení výsledků provedených průzkumů a popis ekologie druhů denních motýlů vyskytujících se ve vybraných ovocných sadech. Získaná data za období 2011 – 2012 byla zpracována statisticky. Motýli a jejich biotopy byli zdokumentováni fotograficky.This thesis deals with the assessment of butterflies occurence in extensive orchards of Karviná district. It builds on previous bachelor work „The meaning extensive orchards in the mining landscape Karvinsko for butterflies (Lepidoptera)”. The introductory section deals with addressing the links butterflies on plants. The research section contains of the methods of botanical and lepidopterical surveys, methods of processing of records, evaluation of the results of surveys and description ecology of species of butterflies occurring in selected orchards. The obtained data of the period 2011 – 2012 was processed statistically. Butterflies and their habitats have been documented photographicaly.Prezenční546 - Institut environmentálního inženýrstvívýborn

Biodiversity of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) on Reclaimed Areas of Mining Landscape.

Disertační práce se zabývá výzkumem druhů motýlů na sanovaných a rekultivovaných územích po těžbě černého uhlí v oblasti Hornoslezské pánve. Cílem je porovnat diverzitu motýlů na různě sanovaných a rekultivovaných plochách s odlišným typem managementu a vodním režimem, s referenčními plochami mimo těžební oblast. Posthornická krajina byla výrazně pozměněna a vytváří nová stanoviště pro flóru, faunu a zvláště hmyz jako jsou motýli. Motýli rychle reagují na změny prostředí, např. mikroklima a vodní režim, projevuje se jejich bioindikační schopnost. Rychle kolonizují nově vzniklé biotopy. Reagují na změny vegetace ve smyslu požadavku larev na hostitelské rostliny a dospělců na nektar. Dílčím cílem disertační práce je provedení analýzy vegetačního krytu se zaměřením na živné rostliny motýlů a základní charakteristiky půdních podmínek pro rostliny. Pro výzkum závislostí motýlů a nově vzniklých biotopů na sanovaných a rekultivovaných plochách bylo vybráno 27 lokalit včetně referenčních ploch hornické krajiny Karvinska, v menší míře Ostravska a příhraničního Polska. Analýza motýlů, vegetačního krytu a půdy byla provedena v období let 2014 a 2015. Byl proveden výpočet Shannon - Wienerova indexu diverzity všech sledovaných ploch. Na základě statistických analýz byly zjištěny závislosti mezi motýly a vzniklými biotopy. Byly provedeny analýzy závislosti biotopů na základních fyzikálních vlastnostech půdy a chemickém složení prvků v půdě vybraných lokalit. Na základě výsledků získaných v rámci této disertační práce můžeme říci, že rekultivovaná území po těžbě černého uhlí se stávají biotopy blízkými tradičně obhospodařovaným. Rekultivovaná území mají význam v kolonizaci motýlími druhy na rozsáhlých opuštěných plochách. Oblast je kolonizována převážně běžnými druhy s nízkým indikačním významem. V některých případech se však uchytily ohrožené a indikačně významnější druhy motýlů.Doctoral thesis deals with research of butterfly species on rehabilitated and reclaimed areas after black coal mining in the Upper Silesian Basin. The goal is to compare the diversity of butterflies at various rehabilitated and reclaimed areas with the diversity of different area types of management and water regime with reference areas outside the mining territory. Postmining landscape has been significantly altered. It creates new habitats for flora, fauna and especially insects such as butterflies. Butterfly react quickly to changes in the environment, e.g. microclimate and water regime, they show own bioindicative properties. They rapidly colonize newly created habitats. Butterflies respond to changes in vegetation according to the requirements of their larvae regarding host plants and requirements butterflies to nectar. Analysis of the vegetation cover, with a focus on host plants of butterflies and basic characteristics of soil conditions for plants is the partial aim of the doctoral thesis. Dependence butterflies on newly created habitats on reclaimed and rehabilitated areas was monitored at 27 localities including the reference areas of mining landscape Karvinsko and, to a lesser extent, Ostrava and the Polish border. Analysis of butterflies, vegetation cover and soil was carried out in the period 2014 and 2015. Shannon - Wiener diversity index was detected for each monitored site. Dependencies between the butterflies and the habitats came into being were found based on statistical analysis. Analysis of habitat depending on the basic physical properties of soils and chemical composition of elements in the soil of selected sites were made. Based on the results of the dissertation, we can say that after finishing the exploitation of hard coal the reclaimed areas become similar to habitats of traditionally managed areas. . Reclaimed areas are important for the colonization of butterfly species on a large abandoned areas. The areas are colonized predominantly by common species with lower level of indicating significance. However, endangered and indicating important species of butterflies have taken root, in some cases.546 - Institut environmentálního inženýrstvívyhově

Bathymetric monitoring of alluvial river bottom changes for purposes of stability of water power plant structure with a new methodology for river bottom hazard mapping (Wloclawek, Poland)

The aim of this research was to produce a new methodology for a special river bottom hazard mapping for the stability purposes of the biggest Polish water power plant: Wloclawek. During the operation period of the water power plant, an engineering-geological issue in the form of pothole formation on the Wisla River bed in the gravel-sand alluvium was observed. This was caused by increased fluvial erosion resulting from a reduced water level behind the power plant, along with frequent changes in the water flow rates and water levels caused by the varying technological and economic operation needs of the power plant. Data for the research were obtained by way of a 4-year geodetic/bathymetric monitoring of the river bed implemented using integrated GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), RTS (Robotized Total Station) and SBES (Single Beam Echo Sounder) methods. The result is a customized river bottom hazard map which takes into account a high, medium, and low risk levels of the potholes for the water power plant structure. This map was used to redevelop the river bed by filling. The findings show that high hazard is related to 5% of potholes (capacity of 4308 m(3)), medium with 38% of potholes (capacity of 36,455 m(3)), and low hazard with 57% of potholes (capacity of 54,396 m(3)). Since the construction of the dam, changes due to erosion identified by the monitoring have concerned approximately 405,252 m(3)of the bottom, which corresponds to 130 Olympic-size pools. This implies enormous changes, while a possible solution could be the construction of additional cascades on the Wisla River.Web of Science2017art. no. 500

Investigation of a hazardous uncontrolled dumpsite in an oxbow lake of the Nitra River for pollution potential: a case study

This paper deals with the engineering-geological investigation of uncontrolled dumpsites that are abundant in post-communist countries. The sites may be redeveloped in an optimal manner by using the applied methodology of engineering-geological investigations. The research tool is a case study dealing with hazardous uncontrolled dumpsites chemically contaminated by various substances, particularly carcinogenic chromium. The dumpsite is located in the alluvial sediments of an oxbow lake of the Nitra River in the Slovak Republic. The hazard is seen in the fact that the alluvial sediments are permeable and thus the contamination may spread easily. At the same time, it is located near a river, which makes the hazard greater. Apart from the risk of contamination, another risk is related to the methane generated by the dumpsite and thus the risk of self-ignition. In order to identify the uncontrolled dumpsite body, the research was grounded in the different physical properties of the diverse geological environments. Quasi-homogenous blocks of the dumpsite body and its alluvial surroundings were well identified by using the combined three geophysical methods, namely dipole electromagnetic profiling (DEMP), electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and spontaneous polarization (SP). In order to eliminate the risk of contamination spread, redevelopment measures for the uncontrolled dumpsite in the form of sealing walls and surface sealing foil were proposed. A system of methane drainage boreholes was proposed to eliminate the risk of self-ignition. The methodology in this case study is well applicable for other uncontrolled dumpsites, which is an important outcome of the study.Web of Science1921art. no. 4