Reduction of copper slag with the use of carbon granulates

The investigation results on the reduction of slag from fl ash smelting furnace and the use of carbon granulates obtained from fi ne-grained waste materials of both the coal enrichment and coking processes have been presented in the paper. The investigation results on the reduction of slag from fl ash furnace and the use of carbon granulates obtained from fi ne-grained waste materials of both the coal enrichment and coking processes have been presented in the paper.Web of Science53458758

Evaporation of Zinc in an Argon - Hydrogen Mixture

Many modern processes for the production and casting of metals and their alloys are carried out in protective gas atmospheres, which protect them, for example, from oxygen pollution. This applies, for example, to titanium, magnesium or aluminum alloys. Most liquid alloys are comprised of constituents that differ in vapor pressures, resulting in harmful phenomenon during melting due to evaporation of some of its components. This harmful process may be limited by the selection of a suitable gas atmosphere in which the liquid metal treatment process is carried out. In the paper, results of study on the impact of the type of gas atmosphere on the rate of evaporation of zinc in argon - hydrogen mixtures are presented. It should be noted that such mixtures are used, for example, in metal welding processes, in which it is also possible to evaporate a component of the so-called liquid metal pool. The research results showed that the rate of zinc evaporation increases with the increase of hydrogen content in the gas atmosphere

Zadowolenie rodziców dzieci z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu ze specjalistycznego wsparcia dziecka i rodziny

Introduction: There is a significant increase in the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The principle of collaboration with parents is one of the basic elements of comprehensive support provided to both children with ASD and their families. Research Aim: The aim of the research was a multi-faceted approach to the level of satisfaction of parents of children with ASD with the professional support and a search for personal traits and dispositions related to the level and various aspects of parents’ satisfaction with collaboration with specialists supporting their children and families. Method: The research was carried out in a group of 204 parents of children with ASD. The following measures were used: Family-Professional Partnership Scale (FPPS), Enabling Practices Scale (EPS), Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) – TIPI-PL; Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES), and Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). Results: The obtained results show an above-average satisfaction of parents with the support they receive. Significant predictors of the satisfaction of surveyed parents with the specialist support were the following personal characteristics and dispositions: gratitude, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness. Conclusions: The results enable an initial assessment of satisfaction with formal support among parents of children with ASD. They also indicate selected personal dispositions related to a high level of satisfaction with the support received. Wprowadzenie: Współcześnie obserwuje się znaczący wzrost liczby dzieci i młodzieży z diagnozą zaburzeń ze spektrum autyzmu (ASD). Zasada współpracy z rodzicami jest jedną z podstawowych reguł kompleksowego wsparcia świadczonego zarówno dzieciom z ASD, jak i ich rodzinom. Cel badań: Celem badań było wieloaspektowe ujęcie poziomu zadowolenia rodziców dzieci z ASD ze specjalistycznego wsparcia oraz poszukiwanie dyspozycji osobowych, związanych z poziomem i różnymi aspektami zadowolenia rodziców ze współpracy ze specjalistami wspierającymi ich dzieci i rodziny. Metoda badań: Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 204 rodziców dzieci z ASD. Wykorzystano następujące narzędzia badawcze: Rodzina–Specjalista. Skala Oceny Partnerstwa (FPPS), Skalę Praktyk Włączających (EPS), polską adaptację testu Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) – TIPI-PL, Skalę Roszczeniowości Psychologicznej (PES) oraz kwestionariusz do badania wdzięczności (GQ-6). Wyniki: Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na ponadprzeciętne zadowolenie rodziców z otrzymywanego wsparcia. Istotnymi predyktorami zadowolenia badanych ze specjalistycznego wsparcia były następujące cechy i dyspozycje osobowościowe: wdzięczność, ugodowość, sumienność i otwartość na doświadczenie. Wnioski: Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają na wstępną ocenę satysfakcji z formalnego wsparcia wśród rodziców dzieci z ASD, a także wskazują na wybrane dyspozycje osobowościowe związane z wysokim poziomem satysfakcji z otrzymywanego wsparcia

Determining the Reactivity of Selected Biomass Types Considering Their Application in Pyrometallurgical Processes of Metal Production

In this paper, results of research on the reactivities of selected biomass types considering their application in pyrometallurgical processes of metal production are presented. Walnut shells, sunflower husk pellets and spent coffee grounds were selected as biomass materials. Their use as potential reducers in the process of metallurgical slag decopperisation is an innovative approach to this subject. The thermogravimetric findings show that all three tested biomass types are classified as highly reactive. The time to reach maximum reactivity ranges from 1.5 to 3 min and, the lowest value is recorded for the sample of spent coffee grounds. The sample hold time of two hours enables copper content reduction to approx. 1 wt% for practically all the reducers tested. A longer duration of liquid slag contact with the reducer results in a decreased copper content in the slag to a value below 1 wt%. Copper concentrations of 0.5 wt% and lower are observed with a hold time of 4 h. The preliminary results indicate that there is great potential for the use of this type of material in non-ferrous metallurgy, which may translate into replacing fossil raw materials and thus introducing the principles of a sustainable process in this case of metal production