Zebrafish performance on 2-choice discrimination.

<p>A) Fish were trained in a glass tank (a), within a light-and-sound attenuating box. The divider was raised at the start of each trial, allowing the fish access to the discriminanda. Food reinforcement (artemia suspended in aquarium water) was delivered via a custom-made device (b; adapted, with permission, from 17). B) Percentage of correct responses as a function of set-size (error bars represent standard error). C) Approach latency response times as a function of set-size (error bars represent standard error). Accuracy and response time were unaffected by discrimination set-size, suggestive of parallel search. D) Speed accuracy trade-off function. There was no correlation between accuracy (<i>y</i> axis) and response latency (<i>x</i> axis), suggesting that fish did not trade-off speed for accuracy here, further suggesting parallel processing was occurring during discrimination performance in the zebrafish (<i>r</i> = −0.06).</p

Stress-reactivity measured by novel tank diving in 6-month old adult zebrafish.

<p><b>A)</b> Time course of average time spent per minute at the bottom of the tank, <b>B)</b> overall average time spent per minute at the bottom of the tank each minute, <b>C)</b> mean distance travelled per minute during novel tank diving. <b>D)</b> Effect of diazepam on zebrafish stress-reactivity assessed by novel tank diving. A,B. Zebrafish that had been developmentally exposed to ethanol showed reduced bottom dwelling (<i>F</i> 2, 682 = 3.47, <i>P</i><0.05). There were no significant differences in distance travelled (C). D. Diazepam also significantly reduced time spent by adults at the bottom of the tanks compared to controls (<i>F</i> 1, 408 = 5.45, <i>P</i><0.001). Post hoc t-test, *** <i>P</i><0.001.</p

Stress-reactivity measured by scototaxis in 6-month old adult zebrafish A) Time course of average time spent at the bright side of the apparatus and B) overall average time spent at the bright side of the apparatus.

<p>Adult zebrafish that had been developmentally exposed to ethanol spent more time on the bright side of the tank (<i>F</i> 2, 31 = 3.85, <i>P</i><0.05). Post hoc t-test, ** <i>P</i><0.01, * <i>P</i><0.05.</p

Stress-reactivity of 6-month old zebrafish as assessed by thigmotaxis.

<p><b>A)</b> Time course of average time spent per minute at the edge of the apparatus, <b>B)</b> overall average time spent per minute at the edge of the apparatus, <b>C)</b> distance travelled during thigmotaxis, <b>D)</b> Effect of diazepam on adult zebrafish stress-reactivity assessed by thigmotaxis. <b>A,B</b>) Adult zebrafish that had been experimentally exposed to ethanol spent decreased time at the edge of the tank, (<i>F</i> 2, 127 = 3.09, <i>P</i><0.05). There were no significant differences in distance travelled (C). Adults acutely exposed to diazepam exhibited reduced time spent at the edges of the tanks compared to controls (<i>F</i> 1, 4.98 = 5.44, <i>P</i><0.001) (D). Post-hoc t-test, * <i>P</i><0.05.</p

Time spent on the bottom of the novel tank across all housing conditions.

<p>Error bars represent SEM.</p

Tank used for novel tank-diving test.

<p>Fish were netted, placed in the tank and allowed to explore for five minutes. They were filmed during the exploration, and the amount of time spent in the top, middle and bottom of the tank was recorded, as well as the distance swum and velocity.</p

Time spent in the bottom of the novel tank for group (A) and individually (B) housed animals according to the water used during acclimation.

<p>Error bars represent SEM.</p

Estimated curves for group and individually housed fish.

<p>This graph represents the time spent bottom dwelling during the five minute exposure to the novel tank according to parameter estimates of a second order polynomial curve.</p

Baseline cortisol (ng/g) for individually and group housed fish.

<p> Error bars represent SEM. ** .</p

Time spent on the bottom of the novel tank according to housing conditions.

<p>Error bars represent SEM. Bars without shared letters differ significantly ().</p