455 research outputs found
Immersion Anomaly of Dirac Operator on Surface in R^3
In previous report (J. Phys. A (1997) 30 4019-4029), I showed that the Dirac
field confined in a surface immersed in by means of a mass type potential
is governed by the Konopelchenko-Kenmotsu-Weierstrass-Enneper equation. In this
article, I quantized the Dirac field and calculated the gauge transformation
which exhibits the gauge freedom of the parameterization of the surface. Then
using the Ward-Takahashi identity, I showed that the expectation value of the
action of the Dirac field is expressed by the Willmore functional and area of
the surface.Comment: AMS-Tex Us
On Density of State of Quantized Willmore Surface-A Way to Quantized Extrinsic String in R^3
Recently I quantized an elastica with Bernoulli-Euler functional in
two-dimensional space using the modified KdV hierarchy. In this article, I will
quantize a Willmore surface, or equivalently a surface with the Polyakov
extrinsic curvature action, using the modified Novikov-Veselov (MNV) equation.
In other words, I show that the density of state of the partition function for
the quantized Willmore surface is expressed by volume of a subspace of the
moduli of the MNV equation.Comment: AMS-Tex Us
Statistical Mechanics of Elastica on Plane as a Model of Supercoiled DNA-Origin of the MKdV hierarchy-
In this article, I have investigated statistical mechanics of a non-stretched
elastica in two dimensional space using path integral method. In the
calculation, the MKdV hierarchy naturally appeared as the equations including
the temperature fluctuation.I have classified the moduli of the closed elastica
in heat bath and summed the Boltzmann weight with the thermalfluctuation over
the moduli. Due to the bilinearity of the energy functional,I have obtained its
exact partition function.By investigation of the system,I conjectured that an
expectation value at a critical point of this system obeys the Painlev\'e
equation of the first kind and its related equations extended by the KdV
hierarchy.Furthermore I also commented onthe relation between the MKdV
hierarchy and BRS transformationin this system.Comment: AMS-Tex Us
Parametrically controlling solitary wave dynamics in modified Kortweg-de Vries equation
We demonstrate the control of solitary wave dynamics of modified Kortweg-de
Vries (MKdV) equation through the temporal variations of the distributed
coefficients. This is explicated through exact cnoidal wave and localized
soliton solutions of the MKdV equation with variable coefficients. The solitons
can be accelerated and their propagation can be manipulated by suitable
variations of the above parameters. In sharp contrast with nonlinear
Schr\"{o}dinger equation, the soliton amplitude and widths are time
independent.Comment: 4 pages, 5 eps figure
On Some Classes of mKdV Periodic Solutions
We obtain exact periodic solutions of the positive and negative modified
Kortweg-de Vries (mKdV) equations. We examine the dynamical stability of these
solitary wave lattices through direct numerical simulations. While the positive
mKdV breather lattice solutions are found to be unstable, the two-soliton
lattice solution of the same equation is found to be stable. Similarly, a
negative mKdV lattice solution is found to be stable. We also touch upon the
implications of these results for the KdV equation.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in J. Phys.
T-cell Responses to Dengue Virus in Humans
Dengue virus (DENV) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Dengue virus infection induces specific CD4+CD8– and CD8+CD4– T cells in humans. In primary infection, T-cell responses to DENV are serotype cross-reactive, but the highest response is to the serotype that caused the infection. The epitopes recognized by DENV-specific T cells are located in most of the structural and non-structural proteins, but NS3 is the protein that is most dominantly recognized. In patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) caused by secondary DENV infection, T cells are highly activated in vivo. These highly activated T cells are DENV-specific and oligoclonal. Multiple kinds of lymphokines are produced by the activated T cells, and it has been hypothesized that these lymphokines are responsible for induction of plasma leakage, one of the most characteristic features of DHF. Thus, T-cells play important roles in the pathogenesis of DHF and in the recovery from DENV infection
Breather lattice and its stabilization for the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation
We obtain an exact solution for the breather lattice solution of the modified
Korteweg-de Vries (MKdV) equation. Numerical simulation of the breather lattice
demonstrates its instability due to the breather-breather interaction. However,
such multi-breather structures can be stabilized through the concurrent
application of ac driving and viscous damping terms.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Phys. Rev. E (in press
New variables of separation for particular case of the Kowalevski top
We discuss the polynomial bi-Hamiltonian structures for the Kowalevski top in
special case of zero square integral. An explicit procedure to find variables
of separation and separation relations is considered in detail.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX with Ams font
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