5,247 research outputs found
Ground-State Properties of a Heisenberg Spin Glass Model with a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
We developed a genetic algorithm (GA) in the Heisenberg model that combines a
triadic crossover and a parameter-free genetic algorithm. Using the algorithm,
we examined the ground-state stiffness of the Heisenberg model in three
dimensions up to a moderate size range. Results showed the stiffness constant
of in the periodic-antiperiodic boundary condition method and that
of in the open-boundary-twist method. We considered the
origin of the difference in between the two methods and suggested that
both results show the same thing: the ground state of the open system is stable
against a weak perturbation.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Specific Nature of Hydrolysis of Insulin and Tobacco Mosaic Virus Protein by Thermolysin
Oxidized bovine insulin and tobacco mosaic virus protein used to determine hydrolysis specificity of thermolysi
Phase diagram of a dilute ferromagnet model with antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor interactions
We have studied the spin ordering of a dilute classical Heisenberg model with
spin concentration , and with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interaction
and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor interaction . Magnetic
phases at absolute zero temperature are determined examining the
stiffness of the ground state, and those at finite temperatures are
determined calculating the Binder parameter and the spin correlation
length . Three ordered phases appear in the phase diagram: (i) the
ferromagnetic (FM) phase; (ii) the spin glass (SG) phase; and (iii) the mixed
(M) phase of the FM and the SG. Near below the ferromagnetic threshold , a reentrant SG transition occurs. That is, as the temperature is decreased
from a high temperature, the FM phase, the M phase and the SG phase appear
successively. The magnetization which grows in the FM phase disappears in the
SG phase. The SG phase is suggested to be characterized by ferromagnetic
clusters. We conclude, hence, that this model could reproduce experimental
phase diagrams of dilute ferromagnets FeAu and EuSrS.Comment: 9 pages, 23 figure
Primordial Non-Gaussianity and Analytical Formula for Minkowski Functionals of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large-scale Structure
We derive analytical formulae for the Minkowski Functions of the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) and large-scale structure (LSS) from primordial
non-Gaussianity. These formulae enable us to estimate a non-linear coupling
parameter, f_NL, directly from the CMB and LSS data without relying on
numerical simulations of non-Gaussian primordial fluctuations. One can use
these formulae to estimate statistical errors on f_NL from Gaussian
realizations, which are much faster to generate than non-Gaussian ones, fully
taking into account the cosmic/sampling variance, beam smearing, survey mask,
etc. We show that the CMB data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe
should be sensitive to |f_NL|\simeq 40 at the 68% confidence level. The Planck
data should be sensitive to |f_NL|\simeq 20. As for the LSS data, the late-time
non-Gaussianity arising from gravitational instability and galaxy biasing makes
it more challenging to detect primordial non-Gaussianity at low redshifts. The
late-time effects obscure the primordial signals at small spatial scales.
High-redshift galaxy surveys at z>2 covering \sim 10Gpc^3 volume would be
required for the LSS data to detect |f_NL|\simeq 100. Minkowski Functionals are
nicely complementary to the bispectrum because the Minkowski Functionals are
defined in real space and the bispectrum is defined in Fourier space. This
property makes the Minksowski Functionals a useful tool in the presence of
real-world issues such as anisotropic noise, foreground and survey masks. Our
formalism can be extended to scale-dependent f_NL easily.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (Vol. 653, 2006
Attracting shallow donors: Hydrogen passivation in (Al,Ga,In)-doped ZnO
The hydrogen interstitial and the substitutional Al_Zn, Ga_Zn and In_Zn are
all shallow donors in ZnO and lead to n-type conductivity. Although shallow
donors are expected to repel each other, we show by first principles
calculations that in ZnO these shallow donor impurities attract and form a
complex, leading to a donor level deep in the band gap. This puts a limit on
the n-type conductivity of (Al,Ga,In)-doped ZnO in the presence of hydrogen.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Monte Carlo Simulations of an Extended Feynman-Kikuchi Model
We present Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of a generalization of the
Feynman-Kikuchi model which includes the possibility of vacancies and
interactions between the particles undergoing exchange. By measuring the
winding number (superfluid density) and density structure factor, we determine
the phase diagram, and show that it exhibits regions which possess both
superfluid and charge ordering.Comment: 10 pages, 15 figure
The thermal operator representation for Matsubara sums
We prove in full generality the thermal operator representation for Matsubara
sums in a relativistic field theory of scalar and fermionic particles. It
states that the full result of performing the Matsubara sum associated to any
given Feynman graph, in the imaginary-time formalism of finite-temperature
field theory, can be directly obtained from its corresponding zero-temperature
energy integral, by means of a simple linear operator, which is independent of
the external Euclidean energies and whose form depends solely on the topology
of the graph.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, RevTe
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