Gametocytemia and COI for <i>P</i>. <i>falciparum</i> field isolates.

Gametocytemia and COI for P. falciparum field isolates.</p

Full-factor GLMM Output for VK5 <i>An</i>. <i>coluzzii</i>.

Effect of egg development (eggs vs no eggs), oocyst number, and their interactions on oocyst size. In this model, egg development and oocyst number were considered as fixed effects whereas parasite isolate, mosquito generation, and mosquito ID were set as random effects. Significant effects are in bold. (XLSX)</p

Additional information on <i>P</i>. <i>falciparum</i> isolates.

MSP1-genotyping results for P. falciparum isolates (p1-p6) used in infections with An. gambiae (An. gam), An. coluzzii (An. col), and/or VK5-collected An. coluzzii (VK5-An. col) (See also Methods). (XLSX)</p

Full-factor GLMM Output for <i>An</i>. <i>coluzzii</i>.

Effect of treatment (dsGFP vs dsEcR), oocyst number, egg number, and their interactions on oocyst size. In this model, treatment, oocyst number and egg number were considered as fixed effects whereas parasite isolate and mosquito ID were set as random effects. Significant effects are in bold. (XLSX)</p

Egg development for individual infections.

(A-B) The effects of EcR-silencing on egg development across individual infections for (A) An. coluzzii (unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney) and (B) An. gambiae (unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney) compared to controls (Cntrl). N = sample size. p# = parasite isolate. (TIF)</p

Oocyst prevalence and intensity for individual infections.

(A-B) The effects of EcR-silencing on the prevalence (Fisher’s Exact) and intensity (unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney) of oocysts across individual infections for (A) An. coluzzii and (B) An. gambiae, compared to dsGFP-injected (Cntrl) females. P = oocyst prevalence. N = sample size. p# = parasite isolate. (TIF)</p

Full-factor GLMM Output for <i>An</i>. <i>gambiae</i>.

Effect of treatment (dsGFP vs dsEcR), oocyst number, egg number, and their interactions on oocyst size. In this model, treatment, oocyst number and egg number were considered as fixed effects whereas parasite isolate and mosquito ID were set as random effects. Significant effects are in bold. (XLSX)</p

Sporozoite prevalence and intensity for individual infections.

(A) The salivary glands of dsEcR and dsGFP (Cntrl) An. gambiae females were assessed at 12 days post-infected blood meal from infections with parasite isolates p1, p3, p5, and p6. The sporozoite prevalence (Fisher’s Exact) and intensity (Mann-Whitney) for each infection are shown. P = sporozoite prevalence. N = sample size. p# = parasite isolate. (TIF)</p

<i>P</i>. <i>falciparum</i> oocyst growth is negatively linked to egg development.

(A) In An. coluzzii controls (dsGFP-injected), egg numbers are negatively associated with oocyst size, but this association is lost following dsEcR treatment (GLMM, LRT). (B) In An. gambiae, egg numbers are negatively associated with oocyst size in both control and dsEcR conditions (GLMM, LRT), but (C) this association differentially varies across oocyst density in control and dsEcR females (3-way interaction, treatment*egg#*oocyst#, GLMM, LRT, X21 = 8.57, p = 0.003). Lines across egg numbers and oocyst size graphically represent the model-based analysis that was performed, which used nested individual oocyst measurements. Shading shows 95% confidence interval. N = sample size, or number of mosquitoes. Number of individual oocyst measurements including in analysis were: An. coluzzii controls = 926, An. coluzzii dsEcR = 1003, An. gambiae controls = 669, An. gambiae dsEcR = 760.</p

Additional infection data for colony mosquitoes and VK5-<i>An</i>. <i>coluzzii</i>.

(A) The majority of VK5-An. coluzzii females that were provided a parasite-infected (p1-p6) blood meal, failed to develop any eggs. (B) Oocyst prevalence (P) and intensity for individual infections with VK5-An. coluzzii. (C) Mean oocyst size per VK5-An. coluzzii female for each infection with a different parasite isolate (P#). Mean oocyst sizes are shown for simplicity, but all analyses were done with all individual oocyst measurements nested by mosquito. N = sample size. P# = parasite isolate. (TIF)</p